HESI RN PHARMACOLOGY SPRING 2022

1. A licensed practical nurse (LPN) is assisting in the care of a client
who is having central venous pressure (CVP) measurements taken by the
registered nurse (RN). The LPN should assist the RN by placing the bed
in which position for the reading?

1. Flat
2. Semi-Fowler's
3. Trendelenburg's
4. Reverse Trendelenburg's
Correct Answer: 1. Flat

2. The nurse is assisting a client who will wear a Holter monitor for
continuous cardiac monitoring over the next 24 hours. The nurse takes
which action to assist the client?

1. Shaves the front of the client's chest
2. Gives the client a device holder to wear around the waist
3. Teaches the client to rest as much as possible during the next 24 hours
4. Tells the client to cover the monitor in plastic wrap before taking a
bath
Correct Answer: 2. Gives the client a device holder to wear around the
Waist

3. A client is admitted with an arterial ischemic leg ulcer. The nurse
expects to note that this ulcer has which typical characteristic?
1. Dark, pink base
2. Deep and painful
3. Accompanied by very slight pain
4. Brown pigmentation of surrounding skin
Correct Answer: 2. Deep and painful

4. The nurse is assisting in the care of a client with myocardial
infarction who should reduce intake of saturated fat and cholesterol. The
nurse should help the client comply with diet therapy by selecting which
food items from the dietary menu?
1. Cheeseburger, pan-fried potatoes, whole kernel corn, sherbet
2. Pork chop, baked potato, cauliflower in cheese sauce, ice cream
3. Baked haddock, steamed broccoli, herbed rice, sliced strawberries
4. Spaghetti and sweet sausage in tomato sauce, vanilla pudding (with
4% milk)
Correct Answer: 3. Baked haddock, steamed broccoli, herbed rice, sliced
strawberries

,5. The nurse is assisting a client admitted to the hospital with
pulmonary edema to prepare for discharge. The nurse should reinforce
with the client the importance of complying with which measure to
prevent a recurrence?
1. Weigh self every morning before breakfast.
2. Sleep with the head elevated on only one pillow.
3. Adjust diuretic dose based on severity of peripheral edema.
4. Take additional digoxin (Lanoxin) if respiratory distress occurs.
Correct Answer: 1. Weigh self every morning before breakfast.

6. The nurse is assisting in the care of a client diagnosed with
rheumatic heart disease. The nurse should reinforce instructions to the
client to notify the dentist before dental procedures for which reason?
1. The client requires prophylactic antibiotics before treatment.
2. The dentist should use a low-speed drill to avoid dysrhythmias.
3. The dentist should use a lidocaine solution without epinephrine.
4. The client is at risk for episodes of heart failure triggered by stressful
events.
Correct Answer: 1. The client requires prophylactic antibiotics before
treatment.

7. A client with a history of angina pectoris complains of substernal
chest pain. The nurse checks the client's blood pressure and administers
nitroglycerin 0.4 mg sublingually. Five minutes later, the client is still
experiencing chest pain. If the blood pressure is still stable, the nurse
should take which action next?
1. Administer another nitroglycerin tablet.
2. Apply 1 to 3 L/minute of oxygen via nasal cannula.
3. Call for a 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) to be performed.
4. Wait an additional 5 minutes, then give a second nitroglycerin tablet.
Correct Answer: 1. Administer another nitroglycerin tablet.

8. The health care provider is discharging a client with a diagnosis of
chronic heart failure. Which health maintenance instructions should the
nurse reinforce in the discharge teaching plan? Select all that apply.
1. Obtain annual influenza vaccination.
2. Restrict fluid intake to 1000 mL per day.
3. Avoid adding salt to foods or in cooking.
4. Report a weight gain of 3 or more pounds in a week.
5. Take an extra dose of prescribed diuretic for swollen ankles.
Correct Answer:
1. Obtain annual influenza vaccination.

,3. Avoid adding salt to foods or in cooking.
4. Report a weight gain of 3 or more pounds in a week.

9. The nurse is preparing for a health fair about tobacco use and the
development of coronary heart disease. Which information should the
nurse include? Select all that apply.
R
1. Nicotine decreases oxygen to the heart.
2. Hypnosis may be helpful to stop smoking.
3. Avoid exposure to environmental tobacco smoke.
4. Cigars or pipes are healthier than cigarette smoking.
5. Tobacco smoking increases a female's level of estrogen.
Correct Answer:
1. Nicotine decreases oxygen to the heart.
2. Hypnosis may be helpful to stop smoking.
3. Avoid exposure to environmental tobacco smoke.

10.The nurse is caring for a client with a new onset of atrial
fibrillation. Which prescribed treatments should the nurse expect? Select
all that apply.
1. Defibrillation
2. Digoxin (Lanoxin)
3. Warfarin (Coumadin)
4. Electrical cardioversion
5. Amiodarone (Cordarone)
Correct Answer:
2. Digoxin (Lanoxin)
3. Warfarin (Coumadin)
4. Electrical cardioversion

11. The LPN/LVN is administering a nystatin suspension (Mycostatin) for
stomatitis. Which instruction will the nurse provide to the client when
administering this medication?
A. "Hold the medication in your mouth for a few minutes before swallowing
it."
B. "Do not drink or eat milk products for 1 hour prior to taking this
medication."
C. "Dilute the medication with juice to reduce the unpleasant taste and odor."
D. "Take the medication before meals to promote increased absorption."
Correct Answer: "Hold the medication in your mouth for a few minutes before
swallowing it."

, 12. Which condition should the nurse anticipate as a potential problem in a
female client with a neurogenic bladder?
A.Stress incontinence
B.Infection
C.Painless gross hematuria
D.Peritonitis
Correct Answer: B.Infection

13. A client is ready for discharge following the creation of an ileostomy.
Which instruction should the nurse include in discharge teaching?
A.Replace the stoma appliance every day.
B.Use warm tap water to irrigate the ileostomy.
C.Change the bag when the seal is broken.
D.Measure and record the ileostomy output.
Correct Answer: C.Change the bag when the seal is broken.

14. In assessing a client with an arteriovenous (AV) shunt who is scheduled
for dialysis today, the nurse notes the ABSENCE of a thrill or bruit at the
shunt site. What action should the nurse take?
A.Advise the client that the shunt is intact and ready for dialysis as scheduled.
B.Encourage the client to keep the shunt site elevated above the level of the
heart.
C.Notify the health care provider of the findings immediately.
D.Flush the site at least once with a heparinized saline solution.

Correct Answer: C.Notify the health care provider of the findings immediately.

15. The nurse is preparing a 45-year-old client for discharge from a cancer
center following ileostomy surgery for colon cancer. Which discharge goal
should the nurse include in this client's discharge plan?
A.Reduce the daily intake of animal fat to 10% of the diet within 6 weeks.
B.Exhibit regular, soft-formed stool within 1 month.
C.Demonstrate the irrigation procedure correctly within 1 week.
D.Attend an ostomy support group within 2 weeks.
Correct Answer: D.Attend an ostomy support group within 2 weeks.

16. A client with hypertension has been receiving ramipril (Altace), 5 mg PO,
daily for 2 weeks and is scheduled to receive a dose at 0900. At 0830, the
client's blood pressure is 120/70 mm Hg. Which action should the nurse take?
A.Administer the prescribed dose at the scheduled time.
B.Hold the dose and contact the health care provider.
C.Hold the dose and recheck the blood pressure in 1 hour.