patho_exam_1_study_guide

Purpose The Review of Knowledge (ROK) focuses on course outcomes, unit outcomes and key concepts to enhance student success on exams. Key Concepts Student Notes Unit 1  Health and Disease o homeostasis HOMEOSTASIS: is the maintenance of a relatively stable internal environment regardless of external changes. maintained within the body with regard to such factors as blood pressure, body temperature, and fluid balance  Cellular Adaption o Atrophy o Dysplasia o Hypertrophy o hyperplasia o metaplasia Atrophy-refers to a decrease in the size of cells, resulting in a reduced tissue mass. Ex: muscles weaken from being in a cast. Dysplasia-is the term applied to tissue in which the cells vary in size and shape. Abnormal cells. Ex: abnormal pap smear Hypertrophy- an increase in the size of individual cells, resulting in an enlarged tissue mass. Ex: body builder increased muscle mass Hyperplasia- an increased number of cells resulting in an enlarged tissue mass. Ex: a callus on foot. Metaplasia: when one mature cell type is replaced by a different mature cell type. Ex: