2022 HESI Med Surg Exam New Revised Questions & Answers

2022 HESI Med Surg Exam New Revised Questions & Answers 6. Aspirin is prescribed for a 9-year-old child with rheumatic fever to control the inflammatory process, promote comfort, and reduce fever. What intervention is most important for the nurse to implement? a. Instruct the parents to hold the aspirin until the child has first had a tepid sponge bath. b. Administer the aspirin with at least two ounces of water or juice. c. Notify the healthcare provider if the child complains of ringing in the ears. d. Advise the parents to question the child about seeing yellow halos around objects. 7. Which signs or symptoms are characteristic of an adult client diagnosed with Cushing's syndrome? a. Husky voice and complaints of hoarseness. b. Warm, soft, moist, salmon-colored skin. c. Visible swelling of the neck, with no pain. d. Central-type obesity, with thin extremities. 8. A charge nurse agrees to cover another nurse’s assignment during a lunch break. Based on the status report provided by the nurse who is leaving for lunch, which client should be checked first by the charge nurse? The client a. admitted yesterday with diabetec ketoacidosis whose blood glucose level is now 195 mg/dl. b. with an ileal conduit created two days ago with a scant amount of blood in the drainage pouch. c. post-triple coronary bypass four days ago who has serosanguinous drainage in the chest tube. d. with a pneumothorax secondary to a gunshot wound with a current pulse oximeter reading of 90%. 9. An outcome for treatment of peripheral vascular disease is, "The client will have decreased venous congestion." What client behavior would indicate to the nurse that this outcome has been met? a. Avoids prolonged sitting or standing. b. Avoids trauma and irritation to skin. c. Wears protective shoes. d. Quits smoking. 6. ANS: C Ringing in the ears (tinnitus) (C) is an important sign of aspirin overdosage and should be reported immediately. Though a tepid sponge bath may lower the child's temperature, the prescription for aspirin should not be held (A). Aspirin should be taken with at least eight ounces of water to completely wash the tablet into the stomach and to help prevent GI discomfort (B). Yellow halos are associated with Digoxin toxicity, not aspirin (D). 2 7. ANS: D The classic picture of Cushing's syndrome in the adult is central-type obesity with thin extremities (D), along with a "buffalo hump" in the supraclavicular area, heavy trunk, and thin fragile skin. The symptoms described in (A) are clinical manifestations of hypothyroidism, and in (B) of hyperthyroidism. (C) may indicate a goiter or a tumor of the thyroid gland. 8. ANS: D A pulse oximeter reading of 90% indicates an arterial blood gas of less than 80 to 100 and should be assessed immediately (D). (A) is an expected finding. (B) is not an unusual finding. (C) is an expected finding for this client. 9. ANS: A Client behaviors indicating that the expected outcome of, "decreased venous congestion" has been met would include elevating the legs, increasing walking time, and an observable decrease in edema of the lower extremities (A). (B and C) would be appropriate for outcomes for, "Attains or maintains tissue integrity." (D) would be an appropriate outcome for, "Demonstrates an increase in arterial blood supply to extremities."