LESSON 5: ANIMAL HISTOLOGY AND
ORGANOLOGY
LBYGEZO (Lab)
● arrangement may be simple,
TISSUES stratified, or pseudostratified
● have different structures that are
suited to their function
● are aggregations of cells with
similar shape, functional
association and intercellular
component
● are classified into 4 types based on
characteristics
4 TYPES OF TISSUES
● Epithelial Tissue
● Connective Tissue
● Muscle Tissue
● Nervous Tissue
NOTE: these basic types may combine to SIMPLE EPITHELIA
form larger functional unit called organ
● Squamous Epithelium - flat
EPITHELIAL TISSUE and single layered; seen in
mesentery (mesothelium) and
inner lining of blood vessels
(endothelium)
● Cuboidal Epithelium - square
in shape and also single layered;
lining each circular thyroid
follicle, appear as box-like or
cube-like cells
● Columnar Epithelium - like a
pillar or column in structure and
single layered; cross section of
frog’s intestine, the finger-like
projections on the surface are
● covers the outside of the body and called villi; among tall columnar
lines the organs and cavities within cells are “pitcher-like” mucus
the body glands called goblet cells
● this type of tissue is composed of
tightly packed cells with very little NOTE: basically called simple epithelia
intercellular substance because of having a single layer lying
● it covers the outer surface and upon a basement membrane
inner lining of the body
● it is also the principal tissue of the
glands. STRATIFIED EPITHELIA
● Stratified Squamous - have
ADDITIONAL INFO
numerous layers of epithelial
● shape may be cuboidal, cells with shapes ranging from
columnar, or squamous flattened superficial cells to
1
, LESSON 5: ANIMAL HISTOLOGY AND
ORGANOLOGY
LBYGEZO (Lab)
cuboidal and columnar cells of
the deeper layers; cross section
of frog’s skin
● Transitional Epithelium - called
transitional because of the
shape of the surface cells may
vary depending on the degree of
distention or stretching of the
bladder; cross section of a
human urinary bladder
● Ciliated Pseudostratified
Columnar - some have broad
bases while others are tall with
wide parts towards the surface
and narrow parts towards the
basement membrane; nuclei are
found on wider part of bothe cell
shapes, giving a false
impression of stratification; cross
section of human trachea
NOTE: stratified epithelia is just the same
with simple epithelia only that it has
multiple layers
EXAMPLES
CONNECTIVE TISSUE
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
● mainly binds and supports other
tissues
● contains sparsely packed cells
scattered throughout an
extracellular matrix
● comprises a diverse group of
tissues that serve to maintain
and support the body
● its main component is its
extracellular matrix,
composed of protein fibers, an
2
ORGANOLOGY
LBYGEZO (Lab)
● arrangement may be simple,
TISSUES stratified, or pseudostratified
● have different structures that are
suited to their function
● are aggregations of cells with
similar shape, functional
association and intercellular
component
● are classified into 4 types based on
characteristics
4 TYPES OF TISSUES
● Epithelial Tissue
● Connective Tissue
● Muscle Tissue
● Nervous Tissue
NOTE: these basic types may combine to SIMPLE EPITHELIA
form larger functional unit called organ
● Squamous Epithelium - flat
EPITHELIAL TISSUE and single layered; seen in
mesentery (mesothelium) and
inner lining of blood vessels
(endothelium)
● Cuboidal Epithelium - square
in shape and also single layered;
lining each circular thyroid
follicle, appear as box-like or
cube-like cells
● Columnar Epithelium - like a
pillar or column in structure and
single layered; cross section of
frog’s intestine, the finger-like
projections on the surface are
● covers the outside of the body and called villi; among tall columnar
lines the organs and cavities within cells are “pitcher-like” mucus
the body glands called goblet cells
● this type of tissue is composed of
tightly packed cells with very little NOTE: basically called simple epithelia
intercellular substance because of having a single layer lying
● it covers the outer surface and upon a basement membrane
inner lining of the body
● it is also the principal tissue of the
glands. STRATIFIED EPITHELIA
● Stratified Squamous - have
ADDITIONAL INFO
numerous layers of epithelial
● shape may be cuboidal, cells with shapes ranging from
columnar, or squamous flattened superficial cells to
1
, LESSON 5: ANIMAL HISTOLOGY AND
ORGANOLOGY
LBYGEZO (Lab)
cuboidal and columnar cells of
the deeper layers; cross section
of frog’s skin
● Transitional Epithelium - called
transitional because of the
shape of the surface cells may
vary depending on the degree of
distention or stretching of the
bladder; cross section of a
human urinary bladder
● Ciliated Pseudostratified
Columnar - some have broad
bases while others are tall with
wide parts towards the surface
and narrow parts towards the
basement membrane; nuclei are
found on wider part of bothe cell
shapes, giving a false
impression of stratification; cross
section of human trachea
NOTE: stratified epithelia is just the same
with simple epithelia only that it has
multiple layers
EXAMPLES
CONNECTIVE TISSUE
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
● mainly binds and supports other
tissues
● contains sparsely packed cells
scattered throughout an
extracellular matrix
● comprises a diverse group of
tissues that serve to maintain
and support the body
● its main component is its
extracellular matrix,
composed of protein fibers, an
2
