Modern Organization Theory (has two theories)
1. Systems Theory;
• Systems theory, events and systems only from one angle, unrelated to other events and environmental
Instead of examining each event in isolation from its conditions, within a certain framework, in another
He claimed that the investigation was more effective in relation to the events.
▪
• What is the system?
▪
Consisting of certain parts,
▪
Having certain relationships between these parts,
▪
These parts also have a relationship with the external environment.
Each part contributes to the whole and when even a part is separated, the functioning of the system
It is a broken whole.
• The human body can be given as an example of the system. Organizations are systems.
• Systems theory, the organization as a whole consisting of various parts, processes and objectives.
takes over. The subsystems of the organizational system are the business functions; ie marketing sub
system, production subsystem, accounting subsystem etc.
• Since each system consists of certain subsystems, each system is also larger and larger.
It is a subsystem of a complex system. The success of a system can only be matched by the success of subsystems.
possible.
• Each system operates in a specific environment. If the system and the system are in operation
If there is an exchange of energy, information and materials between the environment, such systems are open.
called system. If there is no such relationship between the system and the environment, the system
is a closed system.
• Open systems interact with their environment.
• Entropy, energy depletion, deterioration of activities, loss of balance, confusion and
means that there are disruptions and system activities stop. Entropy of the system
worsening means it stops or dies.
• Entropy is strong in closed systems.
• In open systems, entropy can be stopped. Open systems receive information from their environment.
They can stop energy and material and entropy and make its effects negative.
Therefore, open systems have negative entropy. negative entropy of the system
recovery, recovery, recovery.
➢ System classifications;
• Mechanical systems; are closed systems, after a certain period of time, with the effect of entropy
cease their activities. eg; hour
• Biological systems; They are open requests. Biological systems are open systems.
However, after a certain period of time, they stop their activities with the effect of entropy. People
, plants, animals die. For example; people, animals, plants
• Social systems; They are open systems. They can continue their activities indefinitely.
Organizations are social systems.
▪
• Deterministic and Probabilistic systems;
If output can be predicted in a system, such
systems are called deterministic systems. calculator, computer,
▪ tape are examples of deterministic systems.
However, in probabilistic systems, the output shows a variable feature. Chance
It depends a lot on the event. coin rolling 'stock' 'human brain'
are examples of probabilistic systems.
2. Contingency (conditional dependency) theory
• The aim of the classical approach is to determine the best organizational structure and to adapt it.
was to develop management principles, principles and methods. Neo-classical approach to this understanding
In addition, he brought the 'human' element.
• Whereas the contingency approach is the 'best organizational structure' and for this it is everywhere and
that there are no specific management principles and rules that must be followed under all circumstances,
Having different management principles and organizational structures suitable for the conditions
argued that it was necessary. Therefore, according to the contingency approach, it is valid everywhere.
There is no management principles and best organizational structure. Appropriate for the situation
There are management and organization principles and an organizational structure suitable for the situation.
• Contingency approach, the state of the internal and external conditions of the organizational structure.
claims to be determined accordingly.
• Therefore, an organizational structure includes various external environmental elements (customers, government).
interference, competition and market conditions) and by various internal environmental factors (
will be affected by the nature and purposes of the work to be performed, etc.). Therefore, internal and
An organizational structure suitable for external conditions will be determined.
• For example, according to classical theory, if it is desired to obtain a good organizational structure,
it will be necessary to abide by the principle of 'unity of command' in every place and situation. Whereas
f ' '
1. Systems Theory;
• Systems theory, events and systems only from one angle, unrelated to other events and environmental
Instead of examining each event in isolation from its conditions, within a certain framework, in another
He claimed that the investigation was more effective in relation to the events.
▪
• What is the system?
▪
Consisting of certain parts,
▪
Having certain relationships between these parts,
▪
These parts also have a relationship with the external environment.
Each part contributes to the whole and when even a part is separated, the functioning of the system
It is a broken whole.
• The human body can be given as an example of the system. Organizations are systems.
• Systems theory, the organization as a whole consisting of various parts, processes and objectives.
takes over. The subsystems of the organizational system are the business functions; ie marketing sub
system, production subsystem, accounting subsystem etc.
• Since each system consists of certain subsystems, each system is also larger and larger.
It is a subsystem of a complex system. The success of a system can only be matched by the success of subsystems.
possible.
• Each system operates in a specific environment. If the system and the system are in operation
If there is an exchange of energy, information and materials between the environment, such systems are open.
called system. If there is no such relationship between the system and the environment, the system
is a closed system.
• Open systems interact with their environment.
• Entropy, energy depletion, deterioration of activities, loss of balance, confusion and
means that there are disruptions and system activities stop. Entropy of the system
worsening means it stops or dies.
• Entropy is strong in closed systems.
• In open systems, entropy can be stopped. Open systems receive information from their environment.
They can stop energy and material and entropy and make its effects negative.
Therefore, open systems have negative entropy. negative entropy of the system
recovery, recovery, recovery.
➢ System classifications;
• Mechanical systems; are closed systems, after a certain period of time, with the effect of entropy
cease their activities. eg; hour
• Biological systems; They are open requests. Biological systems are open systems.
However, after a certain period of time, they stop their activities with the effect of entropy. People
, plants, animals die. For example; people, animals, plants
• Social systems; They are open systems. They can continue their activities indefinitely.
Organizations are social systems.
▪
• Deterministic and Probabilistic systems;
If output can be predicted in a system, such
systems are called deterministic systems. calculator, computer,
▪ tape are examples of deterministic systems.
However, in probabilistic systems, the output shows a variable feature. Chance
It depends a lot on the event. coin rolling 'stock' 'human brain'
are examples of probabilistic systems.
2. Contingency (conditional dependency) theory
• The aim of the classical approach is to determine the best organizational structure and to adapt it.
was to develop management principles, principles and methods. Neo-classical approach to this understanding
In addition, he brought the 'human' element.
• Whereas the contingency approach is the 'best organizational structure' and for this it is everywhere and
that there are no specific management principles and rules that must be followed under all circumstances,
Having different management principles and organizational structures suitable for the conditions
argued that it was necessary. Therefore, according to the contingency approach, it is valid everywhere.
There is no management principles and best organizational structure. Appropriate for the situation
There are management and organization principles and an organizational structure suitable for the situation.
• Contingency approach, the state of the internal and external conditions of the organizational structure.
claims to be determined accordingly.
• Therefore, an organizational structure includes various external environmental elements (customers, government).
interference, competition and market conditions) and by various internal environmental factors (
will be affected by the nature and purposes of the work to be performed, etc.). Therefore, internal and
An organizational structure suitable for external conditions will be determined.
• For example, according to classical theory, if it is desired to obtain a good organizational structure,
it will be necessary to abide by the principle of 'unity of command' in every place and situation. Whereas
f ' '
