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Summary CRISTALINO OFTALMOLOGIA

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Decubre las curiosidades sobre el cristalino.

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CRISTALINO
 Lente biconvexa colocada detrás de la pupila, entre el humor acuoso por delante y el cuerpo vítreo por atrás.
 ES AVASCULAR, SE NUTRE DEL HA.
 Recoge los rayos de luz que llegan al ojo y los ENFOCA
A LA FOVEA CENTRAL.
 Es avascular y NO TIENE INERVACIÓN ,se nutre H.A.
 Suspendido en su posición por la Zónula de Zinn .
 Dimensiones: diámetro ecuatorial: 9 a 10 mm. eje
anteroposterior:4.5 mm.
 Peso: entre 20 y 25 centigramos
 Composición
- Agua 66% - Glucosa
- Proteínas 33% - A. Lactico
- Sodio - Glutation
- Cloro -A. Ascorbico
- Potasio - Inositol
- Calcio - Lipidos

CAPAS DEL CRISTELINO
 Cápsula : Membrana fina y elástica .
 6 MICRAS
 Epitelio : Mono capa celular que se transforma en fibras
cristalinas al acercarse al ecuador.
 Corteza : Formada por capas concéntricas de fibras cristalinas.
 Núcleo : Parte central.

ACOMODACION
 PROCESO POR EL CUAL EL OJO MANTIENE LA IMAGEN NÍTIDA
DE UN OBJETO QUE SE DESPLAZA DESDE UN PUNTO LEJANO A OTRO PRÓXIMO.
 Se produce gracias al AUMENTO DE CURVATURA DEL CRISTALINO DEBIDO A LA CONTRACCIÓN DEL
MÚSCULO CILIAR QUE RELAJA LA ZÓNULA Y PERMITE QUE EL CRISTALINO SE ABOMBE.
 Haz de luz.
 Cristalino.
 Acomodación.




PATOLOGIA DEL CRISTALINO
Microfaquia,
Esferofaquia
Lenticono: protrusión del cristalino
Coloboma: ausencia de una porción del cristalino
ANOMALIAS DE FORMA
1. LENTICONO
a. SD DE ALPORT: NEFRITIS, HEMATURIA, SORDERA
2. MICROFAQUIA – CRISTALINO PEQUEÑO
a. SIND LOWE: RETRASO MENTAL, ENANISMO, GLAUCOMA INFANTIL, NISTAGMUS
3. MICROESFEROFAQUIA: CRISTALINO PEQUEÑO Y FORMA CIRCULAR
a. SD MARFAN
b. SD WEIL WEIL-MARCHESANI: ENANISMO, GLAUCOMA MUSCULATURA DESARROLLADA, MANOS Y
PIES EN PALA.
Definición  Cualquier opacidad en el cristalino.

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