Fatty acid synthesis part 1 Glucose
pliver
This process occurs during the fed state, glucose level high, insulin
S
stimulation, and high ATP produced. Mainly produced in the liver
cells. GGP
————————————-
When pyruvate gets into mitochondria and involves in the T.C.A.
cycle etc. this cycle produces a high amount of ATP. Then, the ATP T
will do negative feedback to (Isocitrate D.H.). This inhibition will
prevent (Isocitrate) from converting to (a-KG) and make them
pyruvate I
convert reversely to (Citrate). This will develop a significant NADP
Minto
amount of citrate. Then, citrate can pass through the mitochondria
membrane.
After exiting the mitochondria and entering the cytosol, the citrate
will break down into two molecules by an enzyme called on Ico
(Citrate lyase) and adding CoA-SH. These molecules are (O.A.A.)
toy
and (Acetyl-CoA). OAA can go into malate then pyruvate. The
malic enzyme is an enzyme that converts malate to pyruvate and É g
NADP+ to NADPH.
———————————
The new Acetyl-CoA molecule that has been formed in cytosol goes
into a special pathway. This pathway is regulated by a special
enzyme called (Acetyl-CoA carboxylase/A.C.C.). This enzyme has a
coenzyme which is (Biotin). Acetyl-CoA will be converted to (Malonyl-
CoA) by adding CO2 and catalyzed by A.C.C. Malonyl-CoA is a
precursor for Fatty acids.
t
PP
ftp.p.jp
p
However, the A.C.C. enzyme is highly regulated in the allosteric and p
hormonal way (Shown in the graph).
pliver
This process occurs during the fed state, glucose level high, insulin
S
stimulation, and high ATP produced. Mainly produced in the liver
cells. GGP
————————————-
When pyruvate gets into mitochondria and involves in the T.C.A.
cycle etc. this cycle produces a high amount of ATP. Then, the ATP T
will do negative feedback to (Isocitrate D.H.). This inhibition will
prevent (Isocitrate) from converting to (a-KG) and make them
pyruvate I
convert reversely to (Citrate). This will develop a significant NADP
Minto
amount of citrate. Then, citrate can pass through the mitochondria
membrane.
After exiting the mitochondria and entering the cytosol, the citrate
will break down into two molecules by an enzyme called on Ico
(Citrate lyase) and adding CoA-SH. These molecules are (O.A.A.)
toy
and (Acetyl-CoA). OAA can go into malate then pyruvate. The
malic enzyme is an enzyme that converts malate to pyruvate and É g
NADP+ to NADPH.
———————————
The new Acetyl-CoA molecule that has been formed in cytosol goes
into a special pathway. This pathway is regulated by a special
enzyme called (Acetyl-CoA carboxylase/A.C.C.). This enzyme has a
coenzyme which is (Biotin). Acetyl-CoA will be converted to (Malonyl-
CoA) by adding CO2 and catalyzed by A.C.C. Malonyl-CoA is a
precursor for Fatty acids.
t
PP
ftp.p.jp
p
However, the A.C.C. enzyme is highly regulated in the allosteric and p
hormonal way (Shown in the graph).
