Fatty Ac d Oxidat on Part 1. Liver heart Skeletal muscles R there
After the mob l zat on of fatty ac ds from Adipose tissue to certa n tissues
l ke Heart muscle, Skeletal muscles and the Liver.
I
hiii
Now n th s process, we'll talk about the ut l zat on of F.A. to generate ATP.
————————————————— F R Atp IDP
Free F.A. that enters the cell must be Long Cha n Fatty Ac d (LCFA). At least g
16 carbon cha ns. For nstance, Palmitde c Ac d.
CH CH I CoA SHO
After LCFA enters the cell, it must be prevented from exit ng the cell by the
E CoA
P
Fatty Acyl CoA Synthetase enzyme. Th s enzyme w ll activate the F.A. by
add ng CoA and convert ng it nto Fatty Acyl-CoA. Th s react on is requ red S Fattyacyl fatty Ac
energy, so ATP must be used. Now the F.A. is prevented from go ng out of the
E
cell, but also it can't pass through the mitochondr a membrane.
Synth
However, a molecule (Transporter) is embedded n the external membrane of
mitochondr a. Th s transporter is called Carn t ne Acyl Transferase type one Carnitine CoA SH
(C.A.T-I). Th s transporter w ll r p off the CoA and add Carn t ne nstead to
transport the fatty acyl CoA nto the mitochondr al matr x. Once the new I I
c
molecule (Fatty Acyl Carn t ne) is n the mitochondr al matr x and to prevent
ggyY.yygyg.gg
it from gett ng back out through the same b -d rect onal Translocase, it has
to be acted on by another enzyme called (C.A.T.- II) wh ch r ps the Carn t ne
off and add CoA. After that, the Carn t ne molecule w ll go out and w ll be
g
recycled.
——————————————-
Now, we'll beg n to talk about Beta-Oxidat on.
É
M
It
The f rst step is gett ng off hydr de molecules from Alpha carbon and Beta
carbon by FAD+. The Acyl CoA D.H. enzyme catalyzes th s react on. Form ng a
double bond between alpha and beta carbons. The new molecule is called
(Trans-Delta2-Enoyl CoA)
E p
I
kid
The second step is hydrat ng the double bond by add ng water. The enzyme
É
that fac l tates th s react on is (Enoyl CoA Hydratase). Because of add ng a
hydroxy group to Beta carbon, the molecule is now called (Beta-Hydroxy Acyl
CoA). I
I
con.ÉÉ
The th rd step is tak ng hydr des from Beta carbon and hydroxy group by
NAD+ and form ng a double bond between them. Th s react on is catalyzed
s Reggie
by (Beta-Ketoacyl CoA D.H.). Then we got (Beta-Ketoacyl CoA) molecule.
After the mob l zat on of fatty ac ds from Adipose tissue to certa n tissues
l ke Heart muscle, Skeletal muscles and the Liver.
I
hiii
Now n th s process, we'll talk about the ut l zat on of F.A. to generate ATP.
————————————————— F R Atp IDP
Free F.A. that enters the cell must be Long Cha n Fatty Ac d (LCFA). At least g
16 carbon cha ns. For nstance, Palmitde c Ac d.
CH CH I CoA SHO
After LCFA enters the cell, it must be prevented from exit ng the cell by the
E CoA
P
Fatty Acyl CoA Synthetase enzyme. Th s enzyme w ll activate the F.A. by
add ng CoA and convert ng it nto Fatty Acyl-CoA. Th s react on is requ red S Fattyacyl fatty Ac
energy, so ATP must be used. Now the F.A. is prevented from go ng out of the
E
cell, but also it can't pass through the mitochondr a membrane.
Synth
However, a molecule (Transporter) is embedded n the external membrane of
mitochondr a. Th s transporter is called Carn t ne Acyl Transferase type one Carnitine CoA SH
(C.A.T-I). Th s transporter w ll r p off the CoA and add Carn t ne nstead to
transport the fatty acyl CoA nto the mitochondr al matr x. Once the new I I
c
molecule (Fatty Acyl Carn t ne) is n the mitochondr al matr x and to prevent
ggyY.yygyg.gg
it from gett ng back out through the same b -d rect onal Translocase, it has
to be acted on by another enzyme called (C.A.T.- II) wh ch r ps the Carn t ne
off and add CoA. After that, the Carn t ne molecule w ll go out and w ll be
g
recycled.
——————————————-
Now, we'll beg n to talk about Beta-Oxidat on.
É
M
It
The f rst step is gett ng off hydr de molecules from Alpha carbon and Beta
carbon by FAD+. The Acyl CoA D.H. enzyme catalyzes th s react on. Form ng a
double bond between alpha and beta carbons. The new molecule is called
(Trans-Delta2-Enoyl CoA)
E p
I
kid
The second step is hydrat ng the double bond by add ng water. The enzyme
É
that fac l tates th s react on is (Enoyl CoA Hydratase). Because of add ng a
hydroxy group to Beta carbon, the molecule is now called (Beta-Hydroxy Acyl
CoA). I
I
con.ÉÉ
The th rd step is tak ng hydr des from Beta carbon and hydroxy group by
NAD+ and form ng a double bond between them. Th s react on is catalyzed
s Reggie
by (Beta-Ketoacyl CoA D.H.). Then we got (Beta-Ketoacyl CoA) molecule.
