ETC Part 1
Complex I take the electrons of NADH and turn them nto
NAD+ and protons. And same w th complex II, but complex
II takes the electrons of FADH2 and turns them nto the FAD
w th protons.
Then, when complex I got the electrons. It ga ns energy (E),
complex
so it gets r d of the electrons to lower the energy. Then, when cytorIomers
g
it transfers the electrons to Co-enzyme Q or the ubiqu none,
it opens a pore to pump out the protons between the nner
and outer membrane of mitochondr a. At the same time, the
same th ng happens w th complex II. But n complex II there
fdXf.fm
is no pore, so it w ll not pump the protons out.
4a.at
The Q co-enzyme is mob le, so when it gets the electrons from
the complex enzymes, it w ll pass over the electrons to
enzyme complex III (Cytochrome B).
Then, when the energy of enzyme complex III gets h gher. It
w ll pass the electrons to the next molecule. Bypass ng the
electrons and releas ng the energy w ll open a pore to pump
protons nto nter-membrane space.
NADH311 3ATP H
The next molecule is a mob le molecule and is very spec al
because it's made up of cytochromes. And cytochromes have
transfer FAD 2112AM Oxidative
a heme structure w th central ron n the central. It's called
phosphorylation
É
Cytochrome C. After it accepts the electrons and elevates
ÉP
its energy; then it w ll pass the electrons to the next molecule
(complex IV)
ms
And the same th ng the enzyme gets h gh and then throws
out the electrons. But th s time, there are 1/2 O2 and 2H+
GNADH A
big
hang ng out nside the mitochondr a. The 1/2 O2 w ll accept the
electron from the enzyme and comb ne w th H+2 to form
water. Bypass ng the electron and releas ng the energy w ll
open a pore to pump out H+.
sy
After these react ons, we expect a lot of H+ positive charge
n the nter-membrane. And low con. of H+ n the nner
isocitrate
cit.IM II a ko
it I
membrane. So lead ng to the mov ng of H+ from a h gh
Acetylcon c S
concentrat on to a low concentrat on.
Moreover, the next molecule is ATP synthase, wh ch could be
called complex V. ATP synthase structure consists of Rotor,
mmm ee succinate
1
Rod, Catalyt c Knob and Stator. The Rod anchor the Rotor to
Complex I take the electrons of NADH and turn them nto
NAD+ and protons. And same w th complex II, but complex
II takes the electrons of FADH2 and turns them nto the FAD
w th protons.
Then, when complex I got the electrons. It ga ns energy (E),
complex
so it gets r d of the electrons to lower the energy. Then, when cytorIomers
g
it transfers the electrons to Co-enzyme Q or the ubiqu none,
it opens a pore to pump out the protons between the nner
and outer membrane of mitochondr a. At the same time, the
same th ng happens w th complex II. But n complex II there
fdXf.fm
is no pore, so it w ll not pump the protons out.
4a.at
The Q co-enzyme is mob le, so when it gets the electrons from
the complex enzymes, it w ll pass over the electrons to
enzyme complex III (Cytochrome B).
Then, when the energy of enzyme complex III gets h gher. It
w ll pass the electrons to the next molecule. Bypass ng the
electrons and releas ng the energy w ll open a pore to pump
protons nto nter-membrane space.
NADH311 3ATP H
The next molecule is a mob le molecule and is very spec al
because it's made up of cytochromes. And cytochromes have
transfer FAD 2112AM Oxidative
a heme structure w th central ron n the central. It's called
phosphorylation
É
Cytochrome C. After it accepts the electrons and elevates
ÉP
its energy; then it w ll pass the electrons to the next molecule
(complex IV)
ms
And the same th ng the enzyme gets h gh and then throws
out the electrons. But th s time, there are 1/2 O2 and 2H+
GNADH A
big
hang ng out nside the mitochondr a. The 1/2 O2 w ll accept the
electron from the enzyme and comb ne w th H+2 to form
water. Bypass ng the electron and releas ng the energy w ll
open a pore to pump out H+.
sy
After these react ons, we expect a lot of H+ positive charge
n the nter-membrane. And low con. of H+ n the nner
isocitrate
cit.IM II a ko
it I
membrane. So lead ng to the mov ng of H+ from a h gh
Acetylcon c S
concentrat on to a low concentrat on.
Moreover, the next molecule is ATP synthase, wh ch could be
called complex V. ATP synthase structure consists of Rotor,
mmm ee succinate
1
Rod, Catalyt c Knob and Stator. The Rod anchor the Rotor to
