Physical Assessment Final Study Guide latest
update 2022
>Mexicans: >Believe that health is largely God’s will and is maintained by practices that
keep the body in balance
• Mexicans believe many diseases are caused by disturbances in the hot
and cold balance of the body
>Family Genogram: >Purpose is to get a detail history of patient
>Herbal Medications: >Pt tells you they have to list it down and next time they see the MD they will
tell them they’re taking it
Ch. 13 – Skin, Hair, and Nails
>Assessing Skin >Pallor & Cyanosis:
• This indicates abnormally low plasma oxygen, placing the patient
at risk for altered tissue perfusion. Pallor is often seen in anemia.
Give oxygen if seen in assessment.
>Jaundice:
• Yellow undertone due to increased bilirubin in the blood
• Light Skin: sclerae, oral mucosa, hard palate, fingernails, palms
of hands, and soles of feet
• Dark Skin: sclerae, oral mucosa, junction of hard and soft palate,
palms of hands, and soles of feet
>Keloid:
• An elevated, irregular, darkened area of excess scar tissue caused
by excessive collagen formation during healing that extends beyond
the site of the original injury.
>Pallor & Diaphoretic:
• Patients experiencing anxiety may demonstrate pallor and
diaphoresis. Acknowledgement of the problem and discussion of
the procedure often provides relief using a calm voice
>Hyperpigmentation:
• Mostly found in older adults
>Vitiligo:
• Patchy and depigmented areas over the face, neck, hands, feet,
and skin folds; may suffer a severe disturbance in body image
>Assessing Hair >Hirsutism:
1
Physical Assessment Final Study Guide latest
update 2022
, Physical Assessment Final Study Guide latest
update 2022
• Excess body hair in females on the face, chest, abdomen, arms
and legs, following the male pattern that is typically due to
endocrine or metabolic dysfunction; imbalance of hormones
>Assessing Nails >Clubbing Test:
• Place fingers next to each other; the nails normally form a slight
convex curve or lie flat on the nail bed. When viewed laterally,
the angle between the skin and the nail base should be
approximately 160 degrees.
>Polycythemia Vera:
• Dark red nails; pathologic increase in production of red blood cells.
>Assessment for above >Inspection
Ch. 14 – Head, Neck and Related Lymphatics
>Head:
>Neck: >Hypothyroidism:
• Manifestations: fatigue, weakness, depression, slowed activity,
cool skin, weight gain
• Risk for injury d/t confusion and lethargy
>Bruit:
• Not normally present; soft blowing sound; indicative of stenosis
(narrowing) of the vessel
>Related Lymphatics: >Lymph Nodes:
• Non-palpable Normal Sign
Ch. 15 – Eye
2
Physical Assessment Final Study Guide latest
update 2022
update 2022
>Mexicans: >Believe that health is largely God’s will and is maintained by practices that
keep the body in balance
• Mexicans believe many diseases are caused by disturbances in the hot
and cold balance of the body
>Family Genogram: >Purpose is to get a detail history of patient
>Herbal Medications: >Pt tells you they have to list it down and next time they see the MD they will
tell them they’re taking it
Ch. 13 – Skin, Hair, and Nails
>Assessing Skin >Pallor & Cyanosis:
• This indicates abnormally low plasma oxygen, placing the patient
at risk for altered tissue perfusion. Pallor is often seen in anemia.
Give oxygen if seen in assessment.
>Jaundice:
• Yellow undertone due to increased bilirubin in the blood
• Light Skin: sclerae, oral mucosa, hard palate, fingernails, palms
of hands, and soles of feet
• Dark Skin: sclerae, oral mucosa, junction of hard and soft palate,
palms of hands, and soles of feet
>Keloid:
• An elevated, irregular, darkened area of excess scar tissue caused
by excessive collagen formation during healing that extends beyond
the site of the original injury.
>Pallor & Diaphoretic:
• Patients experiencing anxiety may demonstrate pallor and
diaphoresis. Acknowledgement of the problem and discussion of
the procedure often provides relief using a calm voice
>Hyperpigmentation:
• Mostly found in older adults
>Vitiligo:
• Patchy and depigmented areas over the face, neck, hands, feet,
and skin folds; may suffer a severe disturbance in body image
>Assessing Hair >Hirsutism:
1
Physical Assessment Final Study Guide latest
update 2022
, Physical Assessment Final Study Guide latest
update 2022
• Excess body hair in females on the face, chest, abdomen, arms
and legs, following the male pattern that is typically due to
endocrine or metabolic dysfunction; imbalance of hormones
>Assessing Nails >Clubbing Test:
• Place fingers next to each other; the nails normally form a slight
convex curve or lie flat on the nail bed. When viewed laterally,
the angle between the skin and the nail base should be
approximately 160 degrees.
>Polycythemia Vera:
• Dark red nails; pathologic increase in production of red blood cells.
>Assessment for above >Inspection
Ch. 14 – Head, Neck and Related Lymphatics
>Head:
>Neck: >Hypothyroidism:
• Manifestations: fatigue, weakness, depression, slowed activity,
cool skin, weight gain
• Risk for injury d/t confusion and lethargy
>Bruit:
• Not normally present; soft blowing sound; indicative of stenosis
(narrowing) of the vessel
>Related Lymphatics: >Lymph Nodes:
• Non-palpable Normal Sign
Ch. 15 – Eye
2
Physical Assessment Final Study Guide latest
update 2022
