PNR 116 Final Exam (Answered) Verified
Solution
medical asepsis
practices designed to reduce the number and transfer of pathogens; synonym for clean
technique
surgical asepsis
techniques used to destroy all pathogenic organisms, also called sterile technique
infectious agent
a pathogen, such as a bacterium or virus that can cause a disease
reservoir
a source of the pathogen in the environment
portal of exit
any body opening on an infected person that allows pathogens to leave
mode of transmission
a way that the causative agent can be transmitted to another reservoir or host where it
can live
susceptible host
a person likely to get an infection or disease, usually because body defenses are weak
localized infection
an infection that is limited to a specific location in the body and has local symptoms
systemic infection
an infection throughout the body
physical restraint
any manual method or physical or mechanical device, material, or equipment attached
to or near the person's body that he or she cannot remove easily and that restricts
freedom of movement or normal access to one's body
chemical restraint
any drug that is used for discipline or convenience and not required to treat medical
symptoms
environmental restraint
used to restrain a client within a specific area
supine
lying on the back
prone
lying face down
lateral position
side lying position
Sims position
lying on left side with right knee drawn up and with left arm drawn behind, parallel to the
back
High Fowler's Position
A semi-sitting position; the head of the bed is raised 60 to 90 degrees
abduction
Movement away from the midline of the body
, Adduction
Movement toward the midline of the body
extension
Straightening of a joint
hyperextension
extension beyond anatomical position
flexion
bending a joint
Rotation
turning of a part around the axis
Pronation
turning the palm downward
Supination
movement that turns the palm up
Circumduction
circular movement of a limb at the far end
opposition
Movement of the thumb to touch the fingertips
type 1 diabetes mellitus
diabetes in which no beta-cell production of insulin occurs and the patient is dependent
on insulin for survival
type 2 diabetes
progressive disorder in which body cells become less responsive to insulin
gestational diabetes mellitus
the form of diabetes that occurs during some pregnancies
Prediabetes
a condition in which the blood sugar level is higher than normal, but not high enough to
be classified as type 2 diabetes
Normal blood glucose
4-7 mmols
hypoglycemia
low blood sugar
hyperglycemia
high blood sugar
food texture
nectar, honey, pureed, chopped/minced, regular
Normal body temperature
36.5-37.5
normal pulse
60-100
Normal respiration rate
12-20 breaths per minute
normal blood pressure
120/80
Hypertension
high blood pressure
Solution
medical asepsis
practices designed to reduce the number and transfer of pathogens; synonym for clean
technique
surgical asepsis
techniques used to destroy all pathogenic organisms, also called sterile technique
infectious agent
a pathogen, such as a bacterium or virus that can cause a disease
reservoir
a source of the pathogen in the environment
portal of exit
any body opening on an infected person that allows pathogens to leave
mode of transmission
a way that the causative agent can be transmitted to another reservoir or host where it
can live
susceptible host
a person likely to get an infection or disease, usually because body defenses are weak
localized infection
an infection that is limited to a specific location in the body and has local symptoms
systemic infection
an infection throughout the body
physical restraint
any manual method or physical or mechanical device, material, or equipment attached
to or near the person's body that he or she cannot remove easily and that restricts
freedom of movement or normal access to one's body
chemical restraint
any drug that is used for discipline or convenience and not required to treat medical
symptoms
environmental restraint
used to restrain a client within a specific area
supine
lying on the back
prone
lying face down
lateral position
side lying position
Sims position
lying on left side with right knee drawn up and with left arm drawn behind, parallel to the
back
High Fowler's Position
A semi-sitting position; the head of the bed is raised 60 to 90 degrees
abduction
Movement away from the midline of the body
, Adduction
Movement toward the midline of the body
extension
Straightening of a joint
hyperextension
extension beyond anatomical position
flexion
bending a joint
Rotation
turning of a part around the axis
Pronation
turning the palm downward
Supination
movement that turns the palm up
Circumduction
circular movement of a limb at the far end
opposition
Movement of the thumb to touch the fingertips
type 1 diabetes mellitus
diabetes in which no beta-cell production of insulin occurs and the patient is dependent
on insulin for survival
type 2 diabetes
progressive disorder in which body cells become less responsive to insulin
gestational diabetes mellitus
the form of diabetes that occurs during some pregnancies
Prediabetes
a condition in which the blood sugar level is higher than normal, but not high enough to
be classified as type 2 diabetes
Normal blood glucose
4-7 mmols
hypoglycemia
low blood sugar
hyperglycemia
high blood sugar
food texture
nectar, honey, pureed, chopped/minced, regular
Normal body temperature
36.5-37.5
normal pulse
60-100
Normal respiration rate
12-20 breaths per minute
normal blood pressure
120/80
Hypertension
high blood pressure
