MS-2-FINALS-Reviewer 2021/2022

A patient who has sepsis is admitted. The patient has a 104.2F temperature and experience chills. On examination, you find a mitral murmur that the patient admits they’ve never had before, and dark, repair. The patient is expected tomorrow to have a transesophageal echocardiogram. You feel tender, red lesions on the patient’s hands and feet upon assessment. You know that this is a common finding in patients with infective endocarditis and is known as? thin lines on the fingernails of the patient. The patient a. Osler’s nodes has a history in the past of using IV medications. The patient claims, however, that they had no longer use medications. The doctor is wary of potential infective b. c. d. Trousseau’s sign Janeway lesions Roth spots endocarditis. In order to ascertain the existence of infective endocarditis, what diagnostic test do you want the doctor to order? a. White blood cell count b. Transesophageal echocardiogram c. Abdominal ultrasound d. Heart catheterization 15 A client with acute myocardial ischemia was given oxygen and sublingual nitroglycerin. Which indicator in the ECG indicates that the therapy has been effective? a. ST segment has returned to baseline b. Frequent ectopic beats c. A significant Q waves d. Widening QRS complex 16. A 45-year-old man is rushed to the ER with reports 19. Cigarette smoking is associated with the development of a. Bladder cancer b. Cystitis c. Polycystic kidney disease d. Glomerulonephritis 20. A patient receiving the drug simvastatin (Zocor) should be taught this medication helps to prevent coronary heart disease by: a. Increasing lower-density lipoprotein b. Increasing triglycerides c. Increasing very low-density lipoprotein d. Controlling lower-density lipoprotein 21. Narrowing, stiffening or blockage of one or more heart valves of substernal chest pain and diaphoresis. Cardiac a. Valvular insufficiency troponin levels were taken and found to be elevated. b. Heart murmur The ER nurse understands that nursing interventions c. Valvular stenosis would focus on which priority? d. Sinus rhythm a. Increase oxygenation to the heart and reduce the heart’s workload b. Pain relief c. Prevent complications and confirm a diagnosis of myocardial infarction d. Alleviate the patient’s anxiety 17. In developing the nursing care plan, the nurse should be alerted among the alterations in a patient with acute renal failure which include: 1. Urine output is less than 30 cc/hr 2. Hyperkalemia 3. Metabolic acidosis 4. Decreased BUN a. 1, 3, 4 b. 1,2, 3 c. AOTA d. 2, 4 18. A patient is undergoing infective endocarditis treatment. The individual has a history of intravenous 22. A client with myocardial infarction suddenly becomes tachycardic, showing signs of air hunger, and begins coughing frothy, pink-tinged sputum. Which of the following would the nurse anticipate when auscultating the client’s breath sounds? a. Crackles b. Stridor c. Scattered rhonchi d. Diminished breath sounds 23. Which of the ff statements is true of HD? a. Taking BP on the affected arm can cause clotting b. The RBC and Hgb levels will increase c. The client feels best immediately after 1 st HD d. The client will experience weight gain, increase BP, decrease K and Na leve