MED SURG 201 Section 2 Final Exam Practice Questions 2022.2023.

A patient admitted to the hospital with an exacerbation of chronic heart failure tells the nurse, "I felt fine when I went to bed, but I woke up in the middle of the night feeling like I was suffocating! I FREAKING THOUGHT I WAS GONNA FREAKING DIE!!!!!" The nurse can best document this assessment information as a. a. nightmares b. paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea c. two-pillow orthopnea d. acute bilateral nocturnal peripheral edema C- Paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea is caused by the reabsorption of fluid from dependent body areas when the patient is sleeping and is characterized by waking up suddenly with the feeling of suffocation. 22. Which of the following cardiac enzymes would you recommend the doctor to order for a patient who was admitted for chest pain? a. BNP b. CMP c. CBC d. Troponin D- Troponin is an indicator for damage to the myocardium, which can indicate a myocardial infarction. Troponin helps with muscular contraction and is released from the heart muscle when it’s injured. 23. Which of the following patients would you see first? a. A 45 year-old female smoker with “burning heartburn pain” that is relieved with Tums. b. A 23 year-old female with ST elevation c. A 67 year-old male with CAD and history of MI that has chest pain relieved with nitroglycerin d. A 89 year-old male who shows NSTEMI on the monitor B- ST elevation implies a 100% occlusion in a coro Ans: B 24. Which patient is most at risk for developing coronary artery disease? a. A 20-year-old female who exercises 3 times per week. b. A 57-year-old male with a BMI of 30 and reports smoking 2 packs of cigarettes a day. c. A 45-year-old female with history of cervical cancer. d. A 29-year-old male with a BMI of 24. Rationale: Risk factors for CAD include high cholesterol, smoking, obesity, high blood pressure, physical inactivity, diabetes, gender (male), age (over 55), family history of heart disease. 25. Which is a nonmodifiable risk factor for coronary artery disease? a. Obesity b. Diabetes c. African American d. Hypertension Ans: C Rationale: Nonmodifiable risk factors for developing cardiovascular disease include age, ethnicity, gender, and family history. 26. Which assessment finding will alert the nurse to suspect early digoxin toxicity? a. Blood pressure 100/60 b. Heart rate of 112 beats per minute c. Vertigo d. Loss of appetite with slight bradycardia Ans: D Rationale: Some early warning signs of digoxin overdose include confusion, loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, vision problems, bradycardia, palpitations, or fainting. 27. A patient has been diagnosed with DM I. What tasks can be delegated to a UAP? A. Teach sliding scale B. Administer insulin C. Teaching pt how to administer glucose test D. Take vital signs