CONCEPT OF NATIONAL EDUCATION PHILOSOPHY (NEP)
Philosophy of education is viewed as a process or activity of clarifying terms,
thoughts and principles that guide education and problem that inhibit education. It is
also a process that purposes ends and goal for education which suggests means to
those ends. So, it unites and combines educational goals, policies and practices into a
logical, coherent whole. The National Philosophy of Education (NPE) is a body of
concepts, principles and values that underlining educational practices and then
rationalizes current practices. This will guides further trends and actions.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philosophy_of_education)
The National Philosophy of Education is based on the Five National Principles
(Rukunegara). It is reason to develop a world-class quality education system which will
realise the full potential of the individual and fulfill the aspiration of the Malaysian nation.
Basing on the ideology and philosophy contained in the Education Reports and
Education Act, the Five National Principle (Rukun Negara), as well as the ideologies
and cultures of the Malaysian society, the following National Education Philosophy
(FPK) was drawn up and announced officially in the year 1988. (Mok Soon Sang (2003)
An Education Course for KPLI Theme 1, Kumpulan Budiman SDN BHD, Subang Jaya.)
“Education in Malaysia is an on-going effort towards further developing the potential of
individuals in a holistic and integrated manner, in order to produce individuals who are
intellectually, spiritually, emotionally and physically, balanced and harmonious, based
on a firm belief in and devotion to god. Such an effort is designed to produce
Malaysian citizens who are knowledgeable and competent, who possess high moral
standards and who are responsible and capable of achieving a high level of personal
well-being to contribute to the betterment of the nation, family and society. ”
3
, The National Education Philosophy (NEP) will explain to pupils and at the same
time provides headship and guidance or opinion on matters related to education. It was
systematically and circumspectly designed by education experts who had considered
comprehensively all education aspects related to the requirement of individuals, society
and nation. As such, the planning of the programme of KBSR and KBSM were based on
these basic concepts of the National Education Philosophy. Based on the National
Education Philosophy (NEP), the objectives of National Education are to produce good
and excellent students so as to become constructive citizens. In other words, the main
aims of National Philosophy of Education is to train Malaysians to acquire qualities such
as Belief in and Obedience to God, loyal to King and Nation, Upholding the Constitution,
Respect the Rule of Laws, Good Behaviour and Morality.
Belief in and obedience to God
loyal to King and Nation
Upholding the Constitution
Respect the Rule of Laws
Good Behaviour and Morality
The declaration of Five National Principles is our nation, Malaysia, being
dedicated to achieving a greater unity of its entire people. The National Philosophy of
Education is build to maintain a democratic way of life. It is due to the different races in
Malaysia. Malaysia wants to avoid the May 13th incident from happening again. During
the British era in Malaysia, they have applied the „divide and rule‟. Thus the National
Philosophy of Education was constructed to create a just society in which the wealth of
the nation shall be equably shared. Five National Principles ensures a liberal approach
to Malaysia‟s rich and diverse cultural traditions and build a progressive society which
shall be orientated to modern science and technology. To prepare the nation's human
resource for development needs to provide educational opportunities for all Malaysians.
(Mok Soon Sang (2003) An Education Course for KPLI Theme 1, Kumpulan Budiman
SDN BHD, Subang Jaya.)
4
Philosophy of education is viewed as a process or activity of clarifying terms,
thoughts and principles that guide education and problem that inhibit education. It is
also a process that purposes ends and goal for education which suggests means to
those ends. So, it unites and combines educational goals, policies and practices into a
logical, coherent whole. The National Philosophy of Education (NPE) is a body of
concepts, principles and values that underlining educational practices and then
rationalizes current practices. This will guides further trends and actions.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philosophy_of_education)
The National Philosophy of Education is based on the Five National Principles
(Rukunegara). It is reason to develop a world-class quality education system which will
realise the full potential of the individual and fulfill the aspiration of the Malaysian nation.
Basing on the ideology and philosophy contained in the Education Reports and
Education Act, the Five National Principle (Rukun Negara), as well as the ideologies
and cultures of the Malaysian society, the following National Education Philosophy
(FPK) was drawn up and announced officially in the year 1988. (Mok Soon Sang (2003)
An Education Course for KPLI Theme 1, Kumpulan Budiman SDN BHD, Subang Jaya.)
“Education in Malaysia is an on-going effort towards further developing the potential of
individuals in a holistic and integrated manner, in order to produce individuals who are
intellectually, spiritually, emotionally and physically, balanced and harmonious, based
on a firm belief in and devotion to god. Such an effort is designed to produce
Malaysian citizens who are knowledgeable and competent, who possess high moral
standards and who are responsible and capable of achieving a high level of personal
well-being to contribute to the betterment of the nation, family and society. ”
3
, The National Education Philosophy (NEP) will explain to pupils and at the same
time provides headship and guidance or opinion on matters related to education. It was
systematically and circumspectly designed by education experts who had considered
comprehensively all education aspects related to the requirement of individuals, society
and nation. As such, the planning of the programme of KBSR and KBSM were based on
these basic concepts of the National Education Philosophy. Based on the National
Education Philosophy (NEP), the objectives of National Education are to produce good
and excellent students so as to become constructive citizens. In other words, the main
aims of National Philosophy of Education is to train Malaysians to acquire qualities such
as Belief in and Obedience to God, loyal to King and Nation, Upholding the Constitution,
Respect the Rule of Laws, Good Behaviour and Morality.
Belief in and obedience to God
loyal to King and Nation
Upholding the Constitution
Respect the Rule of Laws
Good Behaviour and Morality
The declaration of Five National Principles is our nation, Malaysia, being
dedicated to achieving a greater unity of its entire people. The National Philosophy of
Education is build to maintain a democratic way of life. It is due to the different races in
Malaysia. Malaysia wants to avoid the May 13th incident from happening again. During
the British era in Malaysia, they have applied the „divide and rule‟. Thus the National
Philosophy of Education was constructed to create a just society in which the wealth of
the nation shall be equably shared. Five National Principles ensures a liberal approach
to Malaysia‟s rich and diverse cultural traditions and build a progressive society which
shall be orientated to modern science and technology. To prepare the nation's human
resource for development needs to provide educational opportunities for all Malaysians.
(Mok Soon Sang (2003) An Education Course for KPLI Theme 1, Kumpulan Budiman
SDN BHD, Subang Jaya.)
4
