Behavioral Science
Barbara Fadem, PhD
Professor
Department of Psychiatry
University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey
New Jersey Medical School
Newark, New Jersey
, Contents
Preface vii
Acknowledgments ix
1. THE BEGINNING OF LIFE: PREGNANCY
THROUGH PRESCHOOL 1
I. Childbirth and the Postpartum Period 1
II. Infancy: Birth to 15 Months 3
III. The Toddler Years: 15 Months–2½ Years 5
IV. The Preschool Child: 3–6 Years 6
Review Test 8
2. SCHOOL AGE, ADOLESCENCE, SPECIAL ISSUES
OF DEVELOPMENT, AND ADULTHOOD 14
I. TE School Age: 7–11 Years 14
II. Adolescence: 11–20 Years 15
III. Special Issues in Child Development 17
IV. Early Adulthood: 20–40 Years 17
V. Middle Adulthood: 40–65 Years 18
Review Test 19
3. AGING, DEATH, AND BEREAVEMENT 24
I. Aging 24
II. Stages of Dying and Death 26
III. Bereavement (Normal Grief) versus Depression
(Abnormal Grief or Complicated Bereavement) 26
Review Test 28
xi
,xii Contents
4. GENETICS, ANATOMY, AND BIOCHEMISTRY
OF BEHAVIOR 33
I. Behavioral Genetics 33
II. Behavioral Neuroanatomy 34
III. Neurotransmission 36
IV. Biogenic Amines 37
V. Amino Acid Neurotransmitters 40
VI. Neuropeptides 40
Review Test 41
5. BIOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT OF PATIENTS WITH
PSYCHIATRIC SYMPTOMS 48
I. Overview 48
II. Measurement of Biogenic Amines and Psychotropic Drugs 48
III. Evaluating Endocrine Function 49
IV. Neuroimaging and Electroencephalogram Studies 49
V. Neuropsychological Tests 50
VI. Other Tests 51
Review Test 52
6. PSYCHOANALYTIC THEORY AND DEFENSE
MECHANISMS 56
I. Overview 56
II. Freud’s Theories of the Mind 56
III. Defense Mechanisms 57
IV. Transference Reactions 57
Review Test 60
7. LEARNING THEORY 64
I. Overview 64
II. Habituation and Sensitization 64
III. Classical Conditioning 65
IV. Operant Conditioning 65
Review Test 68
8. CLINICAL ASSESSMENT OF PATIENTS
WITH BEHAVIORAL SYMPTOMS 73
I. Overview of Psychological Testing 73
II. Intelligence Tests 73
III. Achievement Tests 74
, Contents xiii
IV. Personality Tests 75
V. Psychiatric Evaluation of the Patient with Emotional
Symptoms 75
Review Test 78
9. SUBSTANCE ABUSE 82
I. Substance Abuse, Definitions, Epidemiology,
and Demographics 82
II. Stimulants 83
III. Sedatives 84
IV. Opioids 86
V. Hallucinogens and Related Agents 87
VI. Clinical Features of Substance Abuse 88
VII. Management 89
Review Test 90
10. NORMAL SLEEP AND SLEEP DISORDERS 96
I. Normal Awake and Sleep States 96
II. Classification of Sleep Disorders 98
III. Insomnia 98
IV. Breathing-related Sleep Disorder (Sleep Apnea) 100
V. Narcolepsy 100
VI. Management of Sleep Disorders 101
Review Test 102
11. SCHIZOPHRENIA AND OTHER PSYCHOTIC
DISORDERS 109
I. Schizophrenia 109
II. Other Psychotic Disorders 112
Review Test 114
12. MOOD DISORDERS 119
I. Overview 119
II. Classification of Mood Disorders 120
III. Etiology 121
IV. Management 123
Review Test 125
Barbara Fadem, PhD
Professor
Department of Psychiatry
University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey
New Jersey Medical School
Newark, New Jersey
, Contents
Preface vii
Acknowledgments ix
1. THE BEGINNING OF LIFE: PREGNANCY
THROUGH PRESCHOOL 1
I. Childbirth and the Postpartum Period 1
II. Infancy: Birth to 15 Months 3
III. The Toddler Years: 15 Months–2½ Years 5
IV. The Preschool Child: 3–6 Years 6
Review Test 8
2. SCHOOL AGE, ADOLESCENCE, SPECIAL ISSUES
OF DEVELOPMENT, AND ADULTHOOD 14
I. TE School Age: 7–11 Years 14
II. Adolescence: 11–20 Years 15
III. Special Issues in Child Development 17
IV. Early Adulthood: 20–40 Years 17
V. Middle Adulthood: 40–65 Years 18
Review Test 19
3. AGING, DEATH, AND BEREAVEMENT 24
I. Aging 24
II. Stages of Dying and Death 26
III. Bereavement (Normal Grief) versus Depression
(Abnormal Grief or Complicated Bereavement) 26
Review Test 28
xi
,xii Contents
4. GENETICS, ANATOMY, AND BIOCHEMISTRY
OF BEHAVIOR 33
I. Behavioral Genetics 33
II. Behavioral Neuroanatomy 34
III. Neurotransmission 36
IV. Biogenic Amines 37
V. Amino Acid Neurotransmitters 40
VI. Neuropeptides 40
Review Test 41
5. BIOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT OF PATIENTS WITH
PSYCHIATRIC SYMPTOMS 48
I. Overview 48
II. Measurement of Biogenic Amines and Psychotropic Drugs 48
III. Evaluating Endocrine Function 49
IV. Neuroimaging and Electroencephalogram Studies 49
V. Neuropsychological Tests 50
VI. Other Tests 51
Review Test 52
6. PSYCHOANALYTIC THEORY AND DEFENSE
MECHANISMS 56
I. Overview 56
II. Freud’s Theories of the Mind 56
III. Defense Mechanisms 57
IV. Transference Reactions 57
Review Test 60
7. LEARNING THEORY 64
I. Overview 64
II. Habituation and Sensitization 64
III. Classical Conditioning 65
IV. Operant Conditioning 65
Review Test 68
8. CLINICAL ASSESSMENT OF PATIENTS
WITH BEHAVIORAL SYMPTOMS 73
I. Overview of Psychological Testing 73
II. Intelligence Tests 73
III. Achievement Tests 74
, Contents xiii
IV. Personality Tests 75
V. Psychiatric Evaluation of the Patient with Emotional
Symptoms 75
Review Test 78
9. SUBSTANCE ABUSE 82
I. Substance Abuse, Definitions, Epidemiology,
and Demographics 82
II. Stimulants 83
III. Sedatives 84
IV. Opioids 86
V. Hallucinogens and Related Agents 87
VI. Clinical Features of Substance Abuse 88
VII. Management 89
Review Test 90
10. NORMAL SLEEP AND SLEEP DISORDERS 96
I. Normal Awake and Sleep States 96
II. Classification of Sleep Disorders 98
III. Insomnia 98
IV. Breathing-related Sleep Disorder (Sleep Apnea) 100
V. Narcolepsy 100
VI. Management of Sleep Disorders 101
Review Test 102
11. SCHIZOPHRENIA AND OTHER PSYCHOTIC
DISORDERS 109
I. Schizophrenia 109
II. Other Psychotic Disorders 112
Review Test 114
12. MOOD DISORDERS 119
I. Overview 119
II. Classification of Mood Disorders 120
III. Etiology 121
IV. Management 123
Review Test 125
