NUR 1212C - Module 4-5 Quiz -Exam 3 -with 100% verified solutions-

NUR 1212C - Module 4-5 Quiz -Exam 3 -with 100% verified solutions-2022-2024 Module 4-5 Quiz 1. A client is interested in learning about the risk factors for prostate cancer. Which factors does the nurse include in the teaching? (Select all that apply.) a. Family history of prostate cancer b. Smoking c. Obesity d. Advanced age e. Eating too much red meat f. Race Rationale with page number:1484 ch 72 iggy. Prostate cancer is caused by a number of factors. Advanced age is the leading risk factor. The risk increases for men who have a first- degree relative (brother, father) with the disease. Other risk factors that may play a role are eating a diet high in animal fat (e.g., red meat) and refined carbohydrates or having a low fiber intake. Men who have had a vasectomy or those who were exposed to environmental toxins, such as arsenic, may also be at increased risk for the disease. African Americans are most at risk. 2. A client is diagnosed with metastatic prostate cancer. The client asks the nurse the purpose of his treatment with the luteinizing hormone–releasing hormone (LH-RH) agonist leuprolide (Lupron) and the bisphosphonate pamidronate (Aredia). Which statement by the nurse is most appropriate? a. “The treatment reduces testosterone and prevents bone fractures.” b. “The medications prevent erectile dysfunction and increase libido.” c. “There is less gynecomastia and osteoporosis with this drug regimen.” d. “These medications both inhibit tumor progression by blocking androgens.” Rationale with page number: pg 1485 iggy. Examples of LH-RH agonists are leuprolide (Lupron), goserelin (Zoladex), and triptorelin (Trelstar). These drugs first stimulate the pituitary gland to release the luteinizing hormone (LH). After about 3 weeks, the pituitary gland “runs out” of LH, which reduces testosterone production by the testes 3. A 55-year-old African-American client is having a visit with his health care provider. What test should the nurse discuss with the client as an option to screen for prostate cancer, even though screening is not routinely recommended? a. Complete blood count b. Culture and sensitivity c. Prostate-specific antigen d. Cystoscopy Rationale with page number: Iggy 72. page 1482. PSA is a glycoprotein produced by the prostate. PSA analysis is used as a screening test for prostate cancer. If the test is performed, it should be drawn before the DRE because the examination can cause an increase in PSA caused by prostate irritation. 4. A client is receiving chemotherapy through a peripheral IV line. What action by the nurse is most important? a. Assessing the IV site every hour b. Educating the client on side effects c. Taking the vital signs during the infusion d. Monitoring the client for nausea e. “Report any bacteria present in your urine.” f. “It is normal to experience pain and difficulty urinating.” Rationale with page number: Iggy Ch 22 Pg 392 The most important nursing intervention for extravasation is prevention. Small extravasations resolve without extensive treatment if less than 0.5 mL of the drug has leaked into the tissues. If a larger amount has leaked, extensive tissue damage occurs, and surgery may be needed. Careful monitoring of blood return and the access site is critical during chemotherapy administration to prevent extravasation. 5. The nurse is administering finasteride (Proscar) and doxazosin (Cardura) to a 67-year- old client with benign prostatic hyperplasia. What precautions are related to the side effects of these medications? (Select all that apply.) a. Assessing for blood pressure changes when lying, sitting, and arising from the bed b. Immediately reporting any change in the alanine aminotransferase laboratory test c. Teaching the client about the possibility of increased libido with these medications d. Taking the client’s pulse rate for a minute in anticipation of bradycardia e. Asking the client to report any weakness, lightheadedness, or dizziness Rationale with page number: Iggy 72. page 1477. Remind patients who are being treated with a 5-ARI for BPH that they may need to take it for as long as 6 months before improvement is noticed. Teach them about possible side effects, which include erectile dysfunction (ED), decreased libido, and dizziness due to orthostatic hypotension. Remind them to change positions carefully and slowly! 6. A client with cancer is admitted to a short-term rehabilitation facility. The nurse prepares to administer the client’s oral chemotherapy medications. What action by the nurse is most appropriate? a. Crush the medications if the client cannot swallow them. b. Give one medication at a time with a full glass of water. c. No special precautions are needed for these medications. d. Wear personal protective equipment when handling the medications Rationale with page number: Iggy 22. page 394. Because these oral agents can be absorbed through skin and mucous membranes and exert toxic effects, the person who handles and administers them needs to use PPE in the same way as during IV chemotherapy administration. This becomes a more critical issue when nononcology nurses are administering the drugs.