KIN 1A03 Physiology III Exam 2 Questions 2022/2023

KIN 1A03 Physiology_III_-_Exam_2_Questions 2022/2023 Chapter 11: Functional Organization of Nervous Tissue Multiple Choice 1. The nervous system A) monitors internal and external stimuli. B) transmits information in the form of action potentials. C) interprets or assesses information. D) maintains homeostasis. E) all of the above Answer: e Level: 1 2. Which of the following is responsible for problem-solving skills? A) central nervous system B) peripheral nervous system C) somatic nervous system D) autonomic nervous system E) none of the above Answer: a Level: 1 3. The central nervous system includes the A) ganglia. B) spinal cord. C) spinal nerves. D) cranial nerves. E) sensory receptors. Answer: b Level: 1 4. The peripheral nervous system includes the A) brain. B) spinal cord. C) cranial nerves. D) blood-brain barrier. E) cerebellum. Answer: c Level: 1 5. There are pairs of cranial nerves and pairs of spinal nerves. A) 10; 30 B) 31; 12 C) 12; 31 D) 30; 10 E) 12; 32 Answer: c Level: 1 6. Cell bodies of the peripheral nervous system are located in A) ganglia. B) Schwann cells. C) the motor division. D) the sensory division. E) nerves. Answer: a Level: 1 7. The sensory (afferent) division of the peripheral nervous system A) transmits action potentials to sensory organs. B) conveys action potentials to the CNS. C) stimulates glands to release hormones. D) stimulates muscle contractions. E) does not involve sensory receptors. Answer: b Level: 1 8. The motor (efferent) division of the peripheral nervous system A) is a division of the CNS. B) regulates the digestion of food. C) transmits impulses from the CNS to skeletal muscle. D) has nerve cell bodies located in ganglia near the spinal cord and brain. E) detects a stimulus. Answer: c Level: 1 9. The autonomic nervous system A) stimulates skeletal muscle contractions. B) has two sets of neurons in a series. C) is involved in problem solving. D) is under voluntary control. E) does not include the central nervous system. Answer: b Level: 1 10. Digestion of food is regulated by the A) sensory division. B) sympathetic division of the ANS. C) parasympathetic division of the ANS. D) somatic nervous system. E) none of the above. Answer: c Level: 1 11. The central nervous system A) is the site for processing information. B) initiates visual and auditory stimuli. C) consists of 43 pairs of nerves. D) is totally involuntary. E) does not interact with the peripheral nervous system. Answer: a Level: 1 12. Which of the following is mismatched? A) central nervous system - brain B) autonomic nervous system - sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions C) peripheral nervous system - spinal nerves D) somatic nervous system - sensory division of PNS E) peripheral nervous system – sensory and motor divisions Answer: d Level: 1 13. Protein synthesis in neurons occurs in A) axons. B) dendrites. C) cell bodies or soma. D) terminal boutons. E) node of Ranvier. Answer: c Level: 1 14. Nissl bodies are A) part of a dendrite. B) also called gemmules. C) lipid droplets. D) areas of rough endoplasmic reticulum. E) part of the Golgi apparatus. Answer: d Level: 1 15. Dendrites A) are the input part of the neuron. B) conduct action potentials away from the cell body. C) are generally long and unbranched. D) form synapses with the microglia. E) contain the trigger zone. Answer: a Level: 1 16. Axons A) contain the nucleus. B) are numerous extensions from each neuron. C) do not have a trigger zone. D) have a distal portion that branches to form the presynaptic terminals or terminal boutons. E) do not have a resting membrane potential. Answer: d Level: 1 17. Axons contain A) the trigger zone. B) foot processes. C) Nissl bodies. D) the soma. E) the rough endoplasmic reticulum. Answer: a Level: 1 18. Synaptic vesicles contain neurotransmitter are present in the A) dendrites. B) cell body. C) axolemma. D) presynaptic terminals or terminal boutons. E) trigger zone. Answer: d Level: 1 19. A neuron that carries action potentials from one neuron to another is called a(n) . A) motor neuron B) sensory neuron C) afferent neuron D) efferent neuron E) interneuron Answer: e Level: 1 20. A neuron that conducts pain sensations to the central nervous system would be classified as a(n) A) motor neuron. B) sensory or afferent neuron. C) efferent neuron. D) association neuron. E) interneuron. Answer: b Level: 1 21. The motor neurons responsible for making a fist are A) unipolar. B) bipolar. C) multipolar. D) pseudopolar. E) none of the above Answer: c Level: 2 22. Neurons that have a single axon and a single dendrite are A) unipolar. B) bipolar. C) multipolar. D) pseudopolar. E) monopolar. Answer: b Level: 1 23. Neurons in the skin that are responsible for detecting pain are A) apolar. B) unipolar. C) bipolar. D) multipolar. E) pseudopolar. Answer: b Level: 2 24. Which of the following statements regarding neuroglia is false? A) Neuroglia serve as the major supporting tissue in the CNS. B) Neuroglia form part of the blood-brain barrier. C) Neuroglia produce action potentials for skeletal muscles. D) Neuroglia form myelin sheaths around some axons. E) Neuroglia produce cerebrospinal fluid. Answer: c Level: 1 25. The blood-brain barrier A) permits passage of foreign substances from the blood to neurons. B) prohibits the transport of amino acids and glucose to the neurons. C) prohibits the removal of waste materials from the neurons. D) protects neurons from toxic substances in the blood. E) does not prevent fluctuations in the composition of the blood from affecting the functions of the brain. Answer: d Level: 1 26. A neuroglial cell that is a major component of the blood-brain barrier is the A) astrocyte. B) microglial cell. C) oligodendrocyte. D) ependymal cell. E) macrophage. Answer: a Level: 1 27. Which of the following substances must pass through the blood-brain barrier in order for neurons to survive? A) nicotine B) collagen C) glucose D) dopamine E) insulin Answer: c Level: 2 28. Overproduction of cerebrospinal fluid could be the result of overactivity of the A) astrocytes. B) microglial cells. C) oligodendrocytes. D) macrophages. E) ependymal cells. Answer: e Level: 1 29. Microglia A) are part of the blood-brain barrier. B) are phagocytic cells in the CNS. C) produce cerebrospinal fluid. D) form myelin sheaths. E) are part of the choroids plexus. Answer: b Level: 1 30. Multiple sclerosis is a neurological disorder in which myelin sheaths in the CNS are destroyed. Which of the following neuroglial cells is being damaged in multiple sclerosis? A) astrocyte B) microglial cell C) oligodendrocyte D) ependymal cell E) Schwann cells Answer: c Level: 2 31. Schwann cells differ from oligodendrocytes in which of the following ways? A) Schwann cells form myelin; oligodendrocytes do not. B) Oligodendrocytes are only found in the PNS; Schwann cells are only found in the CNS. C) Schwann cells form sheaths around several axons, while oligodendrocytes form sheaths around only one axon. D) Schwann cells form a myelin sheath around a portion of only one axon, while oligodendrocytes can surround portions of several axons. E) None of the above are true differences. Answer: d Level: 1 32. Which of the following is mismatched? A) microglia - provide support for the neuron cell body B) astrocytes - blood-brain barrier C) oligodendrocytes - form myelin sheaths D) ependymal cells - produce cerebral spinal fluid E) ependymal cells – choroid plexus Answer: a Level: 1 33. Which of the following is true? A) In saltatory conduction, electrical charges flow from node to node. B) Myelination will not influence the speed of conduction of action potentials. C) The myelin sheath inhibits the flow of electrical charges at nodes. D) The myelin sheath is a protein wrapping. E) The myelin sheath does not electrically insulate the axons from one another. Answer: a Level: 1 34. Gaps or interruptions in the myelin sheath are called A) internodes. B) tight junctions. C) neurofilaments. D) nodes of Ranvier. E) gap junctions. Answer: d Level: 1 35. Action potentials are conducted more rapidly when transmission is A) from node to node on a myelinated axon. B) on a small diameter axon. C) on an unmyelinated axon. D) from internode to internode. E) from internode to node on a myelinated axon. Answer: a Level: 1 36. White matter is composed of A) ganglial sheaths. B) bundles of myelinated axons. C) collections of nerve cell bodies. D) bundles containing both myelinated axons and nerve cell bodies. E) collections of unmyelinated axons. Answer: b Level: 1