One concern that nurses have when using self-disclosure during therapeutic interactions is that:
A. revealing oneself assists in developing a helping relationship.
B. it may cross a boundary from a professional to a personal relationship.
C. care recipients value nurses who engage in interactions as real people.
D. it creates reciprocity involving a mutual exchange between the nurse and the care recipient.
B. it may cross a boundary from a professional to a personal relationship.
Self-disclosure involves sharing experiences that the nurse has had with a care recipient who has had a
similar experience, to assist the person in recognizing that the nurse demonstrates understanding of his
or her need. Self-disclosure is an indicator of a healthy personality and a strategy for developing rapport
with an individual. Therapeutic interactions characterized by reciprocity involve a mutual exchange
between the nurse and the care recipient. Traditionally, nurses have been wary of self-disclosure
because it may cross a boundary from a professional to a personal relationship with care recipients. The
nurse must recognize when self-disclosure is inappropriate and when it is needed in a therapeutic
relationship. Literature documents that self-disclosure is an effective clinical strategy when developing a
helping relationship. People value nurses who engage in interactions as real people and who are willing
to share information about themselves.
Reference: p. 85
A woman is scheduled for ambulation in the early morning of the first day after undergoing an
abdominal hysterectomy. The nurse uses consensual validation of the individual's understanding of the
plan of care by stating:
A. "I will be back at 9 AM to take you on a walk."
B. "The doctor wants you to walk one time this morning."
C. "Tell me where you would like to walk this morning."
D. "Walking soon after a surgical procedure prevents complications."
C. "Tell me where you would like to walk this morning."
Consensual validation is a confirmation that both the sender and receiver understand the same
information. The nurse should ask the woman to explain her sense of the message and of how to ask the
,nurse for further information. Consensual validation in communication is essential when providing
health-promotion interventions. Without validating that the individual understands the information and
its importance, and that she has a behavioral plan to follow, health-promotion efforts invariably are
likely to fail. "Tell me where you would like to walk this morning" is the only response that asks the care
recipient for her input regarding her understanding of the plan of care. The other options stated by the
nurse contain information given to the care recipient.
Reference: p. 90
The nurse demonstrates empathy toward a crying mother whose baby was stillborn by stating:
A. "I know exactly how you feel; that happened to me once."
B. "You are young and will be able to have another baby."
C. "It was God's will that your baby was taken to heaven with him."
D. "Loss of a baby is truly a sad occurrence."
D. "Loss of a baby is truly a sad occurrence."
Empathy involves the ability to understand another's feelings without losing personal identity and
perspective. It is the critical element creating the caring climate through therapeutic use of self.
Empathy decreases a person's distress. When the nurse acknowledges the content of the person's
communication, she transmits empathy. It is important that the nurse remains with clients, spending
time listening and assisting them to discuss problems, fears, and anxieties. Nurses do not empathize by
switching the focus of the interaction to themselves, like in response a, or by sympathizing. The only
statement that demonstrates empathy is d, which states an observation reflective of the mother's
crying. Response b does not focus on the loss of this baby, which is important for the grieving process.
Response c does not take the mother's beliefs into consideration.
Reference: p. 93
Which question best assists the nurse who is helping a person to formulate the problem as a step in the
problem-solving process?
A. "What pattern is there?"
B. "What do you want to see changed?"
C. "What would you do the next time?"
D. "What meaning does this have for you?"
B. "What do you want to see changed?"
, "What do you want to see changed?" assists the individual to focus on formulating the problem, by
having the person state what he wants to see changed to resolve the problem. Asking about pattern and
meaning both assist the person to analyze the parts of the experience and see relationships to other
events. "What would you do the next time?" assists the individual to identify how another, similar
problem could be resolved.
Reference: p. 95
A nurse tells a childbirth education class consisting of pregnant women and their coaches that alcohol
use poses serious risks to the fetus. After the class, one woman comments, "Do you really think that
having a drink once in a while is bad for the baby? I'm sick of being told that I can't do things because of
the baby." This is an example of:
A. self concept.
B. bias.
C. values clarification.
D. empowering beliefs.
C. values clarification.
Values clarification is a method for discovering one's values and the importance of these values. Values
clarification does not tell a person how to act, but it helps people recognize what values they hold and
evaluate how those values influence their actions.
In this example an apparent conflict in values between the nurse and the individual exists. Intervention
is needed to examine how this woman's wish for freedom from restrictions clashes with her desire to
have a healthy child. Nurses must consider their own values related to health promotion for the
individual and the fetus and must weigh the importance of respecting individuals' rights to make
decisions about their own health behaviors. Self-concept is a picture of self. This scenario does not
utilize bias unless the nurse exhibits judgmental behaviors and empowering beliefs is not associated.
Reference: p. 83
The nurse utilizes strategies associated with client-centered communication by doing which of the
following? (select all that apply)
A. Not being "too busy" to talk
B. Focusing on the nurse's views
C. Developing mutual understanding
D. Emphasizing the technical aspects of care
A. revealing oneself assists in developing a helping relationship.
B. it may cross a boundary from a professional to a personal relationship.
C. care recipients value nurses who engage in interactions as real people.
D. it creates reciprocity involving a mutual exchange between the nurse and the care recipient.
B. it may cross a boundary from a professional to a personal relationship.
Self-disclosure involves sharing experiences that the nurse has had with a care recipient who has had a
similar experience, to assist the person in recognizing that the nurse demonstrates understanding of his
or her need. Self-disclosure is an indicator of a healthy personality and a strategy for developing rapport
with an individual. Therapeutic interactions characterized by reciprocity involve a mutual exchange
between the nurse and the care recipient. Traditionally, nurses have been wary of self-disclosure
because it may cross a boundary from a professional to a personal relationship with care recipients. The
nurse must recognize when self-disclosure is inappropriate and when it is needed in a therapeutic
relationship. Literature documents that self-disclosure is an effective clinical strategy when developing a
helping relationship. People value nurses who engage in interactions as real people and who are willing
to share information about themselves.
Reference: p. 85
A woman is scheduled for ambulation in the early morning of the first day after undergoing an
abdominal hysterectomy. The nurse uses consensual validation of the individual's understanding of the
plan of care by stating:
A. "I will be back at 9 AM to take you on a walk."
B. "The doctor wants you to walk one time this morning."
C. "Tell me where you would like to walk this morning."
D. "Walking soon after a surgical procedure prevents complications."
C. "Tell me where you would like to walk this morning."
Consensual validation is a confirmation that both the sender and receiver understand the same
information. The nurse should ask the woman to explain her sense of the message and of how to ask the
,nurse for further information. Consensual validation in communication is essential when providing
health-promotion interventions. Without validating that the individual understands the information and
its importance, and that she has a behavioral plan to follow, health-promotion efforts invariably are
likely to fail. "Tell me where you would like to walk this morning" is the only response that asks the care
recipient for her input regarding her understanding of the plan of care. The other options stated by the
nurse contain information given to the care recipient.
Reference: p. 90
The nurse demonstrates empathy toward a crying mother whose baby was stillborn by stating:
A. "I know exactly how you feel; that happened to me once."
B. "You are young and will be able to have another baby."
C. "It was God's will that your baby was taken to heaven with him."
D. "Loss of a baby is truly a sad occurrence."
D. "Loss of a baby is truly a sad occurrence."
Empathy involves the ability to understand another's feelings without losing personal identity and
perspective. It is the critical element creating the caring climate through therapeutic use of self.
Empathy decreases a person's distress. When the nurse acknowledges the content of the person's
communication, she transmits empathy. It is important that the nurse remains with clients, spending
time listening and assisting them to discuss problems, fears, and anxieties. Nurses do not empathize by
switching the focus of the interaction to themselves, like in response a, or by sympathizing. The only
statement that demonstrates empathy is d, which states an observation reflective of the mother's
crying. Response b does not focus on the loss of this baby, which is important for the grieving process.
Response c does not take the mother's beliefs into consideration.
Reference: p. 93
Which question best assists the nurse who is helping a person to formulate the problem as a step in the
problem-solving process?
A. "What pattern is there?"
B. "What do you want to see changed?"
C. "What would you do the next time?"
D. "What meaning does this have for you?"
B. "What do you want to see changed?"
, "What do you want to see changed?" assists the individual to focus on formulating the problem, by
having the person state what he wants to see changed to resolve the problem. Asking about pattern and
meaning both assist the person to analyze the parts of the experience and see relationships to other
events. "What would you do the next time?" assists the individual to identify how another, similar
problem could be resolved.
Reference: p. 95
A nurse tells a childbirth education class consisting of pregnant women and their coaches that alcohol
use poses serious risks to the fetus. After the class, one woman comments, "Do you really think that
having a drink once in a while is bad for the baby? I'm sick of being told that I can't do things because of
the baby." This is an example of:
A. self concept.
B. bias.
C. values clarification.
D. empowering beliefs.
C. values clarification.
Values clarification is a method for discovering one's values and the importance of these values. Values
clarification does not tell a person how to act, but it helps people recognize what values they hold and
evaluate how those values influence their actions.
In this example an apparent conflict in values between the nurse and the individual exists. Intervention
is needed to examine how this woman's wish for freedom from restrictions clashes with her desire to
have a healthy child. Nurses must consider their own values related to health promotion for the
individual and the fetus and must weigh the importance of respecting individuals' rights to make
decisions about their own health behaviors. Self-concept is a picture of self. This scenario does not
utilize bias unless the nurse exhibits judgmental behaviors and empowering beliefs is not associated.
Reference: p. 83
The nurse utilizes strategies associated with client-centered communication by doing which of the
following? (select all that apply)
A. Not being "too busy" to talk
B. Focusing on the nurse's views
C. Developing mutual understanding
D. Emphasizing the technical aspects of care
