History of European Colonization
1750-2000
HS 1 : Introduction......................................................................................................................6
1. Practical arrangements.......................................................................................................6
2. Definitions...........................................................................................................................6
3. Causes.................................................................................................................................9
a. Geography.....................................................................................................................10
b. Technology....................................................................................................................10
c. Economy........................................................................................................................11
d. Politics...........................................................................................................................12
e. Culture...........................................................................................................................13
f. Combination...................................................................................................................13
g. Causes beyond Europe..................................................................................................14
4. Consequences...................................................................................................................15
a. Diversity.........................................................................................................................15
b. Politics...........................................................................................................................15
c. Economy........................................................................................................................15
d. Society...........................................................................................................................16
e. Culture...........................................................................................................................16
f. Balance...........................................................................................................................16
Extra class: Historiography........................................................................................................16
1. Postcolonial and Decolonial Studies.................................................................................16
a. Historiographic framework of colonial studies.............................................................17
b. Shared features.............................................................................................................17
c. Differences.....................................................................................................................17
2. Postcolonial authors..........................................................................................................18
a. Edward Saïd...................................................................................................................18
b. Gayatri Spivak................................................................................................................19
c. Homi Bhabha.................................................................................................................19
3. Decolonial authors............................................................................................................20
a. Aníbal Quijano...............................................................................................................20
b. María Lugones...............................................................................................................20
c. Walter Mignolo..............................................................................................................21
d. Gloria Anzaldúa.............................................................................................................21
4. Conclusion.........................................................................................................................21
1
,HS2: The Major Metropoles......................................................................................................22
1. Portugal.............................................................................................................................22
a. Precedent setter............................................................................................................22
b. Reasons.........................................................................................................................22
c. The East.........................................................................................................................22
d. The West.......................................................................................................................23
e. Disintegration................................................................................................................23
2. Spain..................................................................................................................................24
a. Spanish particularities...................................................................................................24
b. Conquest of vast territories..........................................................................................24
c. Economic exploitation...................................................................................................24
d. Demographic impact.....................................................................................................25
e. Disintegration................................................................................................................25
3. The Netherlands................................................................................................................25
a. Dutch Particularities......................................................................................................25
b. Initially: search for new routes.....................................................................................26
c. The VOC.........................................................................................................................26
d. Explorations by the VOC...............................................................................................26
e. The WIC.........................................................................................................................27
4. England (1707: Britain)......................................................................................................27
a. English particularities....................................................................................................27
b. The first decades...........................................................................................................27
c. England in the Caribbean..............................................................................................28
d. England in North America.............................................................................................28
e. England in Asia..............................................................................................................28
f. Anglo-Dutch wars...........................................................................................................29
5. France................................................................................................................................29
a. French particularities....................................................................................................29
b. The New World.............................................................................................................30
c. The Old World...............................................................................................................30
6. Other metropoles..............................................................................................................30
HS3: The Seventy Years War (1744-1814)................................................................................31
1. The Seven Years’ War (1756-1763)...................................................................................31
a. Europe...........................................................................................................................31
b. India...............................................................................................................................32
2
, c. America..........................................................................................................................33
2. The Napoleonic Wars (1792/99-1815)..............................................................................34
a. British expansion...........................................................................................................34
b. The decolonization of Latin America............................................................................35
3. The white settler colonies.................................................................................................40
a. Canada...........................................................................................................................40
b. Australia and New Zealand...........................................................................................41
c. White settler colonies in the 19th and 20th century....................................................43
HS4: Asia....................................................................................................................................45
1. British India.......................................................................................................................45
a. The ‘Great Game’..........................................................................................................45
b. Further British expansion..............................................................................................45
c. A temporary break........................................................................................................46
d. New British expansion..................................................................................................47
e. The end of the Great Game..........................................................................................47
f. The Anglo-Burmese Wars..............................................................................................48
2. Southeast Asia...................................................................................................................48
a. The collapse of the VOC................................................................................................48
b. The British in South East Asia........................................................................................48
c. Dutch expansion in the Dutch Indies............................................................................49
3. French Indochina...............................................................................................................49
a. French interest..............................................................................................................49
b. Conquest of Indochina..................................................................................................50
c. Siam...............................................................................................................................50
4. China..................................................................................................................................51
a. Míng (1368-1644)..........................................................................................................51
b. Qīng (1644-1911)..........................................................................................................51
c. The First Opium War (1839-42).....................................................................................51
d. The Second Opium War (1856-60)...............................................................................52
e. Collaboration in the 1860s............................................................................................52
f. The rise of Japan............................................................................................................52
g. The ‘partition’ of China..................................................................................................53
h. Chinese reactions..........................................................................................................53
i. Summary: the West in China..........................................................................................53
j. China in the early 20th c................................................................................................54
3
, k. China and its colonizers.................................................................................................54
HS5: Africa.................................................................................................................................54
Europeans before the early 19th c...................................................................................54
1. North Africa (1).................................................................................................................55
a. Algeria: the conquest....................................................................................................55
b. Algeria: the rule.............................................................................................................55
c. Tunisia............................................................................................................................56
d. Egypt..............................................................................................................................56
e. Sudan.............................................................................................................................57
2. The Congo.........................................................................................................................57
a. David Livingstone..........................................................................................................57
b. Henry Morton Stanley...................................................................................................58
c. Leopold II.......................................................................................................................58
d. Savorgnan de Brazza.....................................................................................................58
e. Leopold and the European powers...............................................................................59
f. Conference of Berlin......................................................................................................59
3. Southern Africa.................................................................................................................60
a. White settlement..........................................................................................................60
b. Disintegration................................................................................................................60
c. The First Boer War (1880-81)........................................................................................60
d. Germans in southern Africa..........................................................................................61
e. Discovery of gems.........................................................................................................61
f. The Cape Colony’s reaction...........................................................................................61
g. Cecil Rhodes..................................................................................................................62
h. The annexation of Rhodesia.........................................................................................62
i. Rhodes vs. Kruger...........................................................................................................62
j. The Second Boer War (1899-1902)................................................................................63
k. The British victory..........................................................................................................63
4. East Africa..........................................................................................................................63
a. Geography and history..................................................................................................63
b. Zanzibar.........................................................................................................................64
c. Germans in East Africa..................................................................................................64
d. Uganda..........................................................................................................................64
e. Pacification....................................................................................................................65
5. Sudan and the Horn..........................................................................................................65
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1750-2000
HS 1 : Introduction......................................................................................................................6
1. Practical arrangements.......................................................................................................6
2. Definitions...........................................................................................................................6
3. Causes.................................................................................................................................9
a. Geography.....................................................................................................................10
b. Technology....................................................................................................................10
c. Economy........................................................................................................................11
d. Politics...........................................................................................................................12
e. Culture...........................................................................................................................13
f. Combination...................................................................................................................13
g. Causes beyond Europe..................................................................................................14
4. Consequences...................................................................................................................15
a. Diversity.........................................................................................................................15
b. Politics...........................................................................................................................15
c. Economy........................................................................................................................15
d. Society...........................................................................................................................16
e. Culture...........................................................................................................................16
f. Balance...........................................................................................................................16
Extra class: Historiography........................................................................................................16
1. Postcolonial and Decolonial Studies.................................................................................16
a. Historiographic framework of colonial studies.............................................................17
b. Shared features.............................................................................................................17
c. Differences.....................................................................................................................17
2. Postcolonial authors..........................................................................................................18
a. Edward Saïd...................................................................................................................18
b. Gayatri Spivak................................................................................................................19
c. Homi Bhabha.................................................................................................................19
3. Decolonial authors............................................................................................................20
a. Aníbal Quijano...............................................................................................................20
b. María Lugones...............................................................................................................20
c. Walter Mignolo..............................................................................................................21
d. Gloria Anzaldúa.............................................................................................................21
4. Conclusion.........................................................................................................................21
1
,HS2: The Major Metropoles......................................................................................................22
1. Portugal.............................................................................................................................22
a. Precedent setter............................................................................................................22
b. Reasons.........................................................................................................................22
c. The East.........................................................................................................................22
d. The West.......................................................................................................................23
e. Disintegration................................................................................................................23
2. Spain..................................................................................................................................24
a. Spanish particularities...................................................................................................24
b. Conquest of vast territories..........................................................................................24
c. Economic exploitation...................................................................................................24
d. Demographic impact.....................................................................................................25
e. Disintegration................................................................................................................25
3. The Netherlands................................................................................................................25
a. Dutch Particularities......................................................................................................25
b. Initially: search for new routes.....................................................................................26
c. The VOC.........................................................................................................................26
d. Explorations by the VOC...............................................................................................26
e. The WIC.........................................................................................................................27
4. England (1707: Britain)......................................................................................................27
a. English particularities....................................................................................................27
b. The first decades...........................................................................................................27
c. England in the Caribbean..............................................................................................28
d. England in North America.............................................................................................28
e. England in Asia..............................................................................................................28
f. Anglo-Dutch wars...........................................................................................................29
5. France................................................................................................................................29
a. French particularities....................................................................................................29
b. The New World.............................................................................................................30
c. The Old World...............................................................................................................30
6. Other metropoles..............................................................................................................30
HS3: The Seventy Years War (1744-1814)................................................................................31
1. The Seven Years’ War (1756-1763)...................................................................................31
a. Europe...........................................................................................................................31
b. India...............................................................................................................................32
2
, c. America..........................................................................................................................33
2. The Napoleonic Wars (1792/99-1815)..............................................................................34
a. British expansion...........................................................................................................34
b. The decolonization of Latin America............................................................................35
3. The white settler colonies.................................................................................................40
a. Canada...........................................................................................................................40
b. Australia and New Zealand...........................................................................................41
c. White settler colonies in the 19th and 20th century....................................................43
HS4: Asia....................................................................................................................................45
1. British India.......................................................................................................................45
a. The ‘Great Game’..........................................................................................................45
b. Further British expansion..............................................................................................45
c. A temporary break........................................................................................................46
d. New British expansion..................................................................................................47
e. The end of the Great Game..........................................................................................47
f. The Anglo-Burmese Wars..............................................................................................48
2. Southeast Asia...................................................................................................................48
a. The collapse of the VOC................................................................................................48
b. The British in South East Asia........................................................................................48
c. Dutch expansion in the Dutch Indies............................................................................49
3. French Indochina...............................................................................................................49
a. French interest..............................................................................................................49
b. Conquest of Indochina..................................................................................................50
c. Siam...............................................................................................................................50
4. China..................................................................................................................................51
a. Míng (1368-1644)..........................................................................................................51
b. Qīng (1644-1911)..........................................................................................................51
c. The First Opium War (1839-42).....................................................................................51
d. The Second Opium War (1856-60)...............................................................................52
e. Collaboration in the 1860s............................................................................................52
f. The rise of Japan............................................................................................................52
g. The ‘partition’ of China..................................................................................................53
h. Chinese reactions..........................................................................................................53
i. Summary: the West in China..........................................................................................53
j. China in the early 20th c................................................................................................54
3
, k. China and its colonizers.................................................................................................54
HS5: Africa.................................................................................................................................54
Europeans before the early 19th c...................................................................................54
1. North Africa (1).................................................................................................................55
a. Algeria: the conquest....................................................................................................55
b. Algeria: the rule.............................................................................................................55
c. Tunisia............................................................................................................................56
d. Egypt..............................................................................................................................56
e. Sudan.............................................................................................................................57
2. The Congo.........................................................................................................................57
a. David Livingstone..........................................................................................................57
b. Henry Morton Stanley...................................................................................................58
c. Leopold II.......................................................................................................................58
d. Savorgnan de Brazza.....................................................................................................58
e. Leopold and the European powers...............................................................................59
f. Conference of Berlin......................................................................................................59
3. Southern Africa.................................................................................................................60
a. White settlement..........................................................................................................60
b. Disintegration................................................................................................................60
c. The First Boer War (1880-81)........................................................................................60
d. Germans in southern Africa..........................................................................................61
e. Discovery of gems.........................................................................................................61
f. The Cape Colony’s reaction...........................................................................................61
g. Cecil Rhodes..................................................................................................................62
h. The annexation of Rhodesia.........................................................................................62
i. Rhodes vs. Kruger...........................................................................................................62
j. The Second Boer War (1899-1902)................................................................................63
k. The British victory..........................................................................................................63
4. East Africa..........................................................................................................................63
a. Geography and history..................................................................................................63
b. Zanzibar.........................................................................................................................64
c. Germans in East Africa..................................................................................................64
d. Uganda..........................................................................................................................64
e. Pacification....................................................................................................................65
5. Sudan and the Horn..........................................................................................................65
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