Biochemistry: Concepts and Connections Chapter 4 Lecture

Nucleotides are made up by what polymer? - Nucleic acids Purpose of nucleic acids (4) - 1.) Storage of genetic information (DNA) 2.) Transmission of genetic information (mRNA) 3.) Processing of genetic information and catalysis (ribozymes) 4.) Protein synthesis (tRNA and rRNA) Purpose of nucleotides in monomer form (3) - 1.) Energy for metabolism (ATP) 2.) Enzyme Cofactors (NADH, FADH_2) 3.) Signal transduction (cAMP) What makes up the structure of a nucleic acid? (2) - 1.) 4 kinds of nitrogenous bases 2.) Sugar-phosphate group backbone What two chemical structures can make up the sugar in the nucleotide? - Ribose or deoxyribose What are the four bases derivatives of? - pyrimidine or purine Carbon and nitrogen atoms on the base are numbered in what format? - Cyclic What makes up a nucleoside? - nitrogenous base and pentos