RN Vati Adult Medical Surgical 2020 complete question and
answers 100% solved|verified
Question: 90 of 90
A nurse is caring for a client who has atopic dermatitis and a prescription for triamcinolone ointment. The nurse should
assess the client to monitor for which of the following adverse effects?
● Increased pigmentation
● Topical glucocorticoid therapy can cause the adverse effect of hypopigmentation.
● Localized hair loss
● Long-term glucocorticoid therapy can cause hypertrichosis, or excessive hair growth, especially on the facial area.
● Thinning of the skin
○ Thinning of the skin and delayed healing are adverse effects of topical glucocorticoid preparations. The client
should only apply the ointment to dry patches of the skin because topical steroids can cause atrophy of the dermis
and epidermis, which can result in thinning of the skin.
Question: 89 of 90
A nurse is assessing a client who has left-sided heart failure. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as a
manifestation of left-sided heart failure?
● Dependent edema
● Jugular distention
● Weight gain
● Frothy sputum
○ The nurse should identify that frothy sputum, dyspnea, and wheezing are manifestations of left-sided heart failure.
Treatment includes fluid restriction and diuretics to decrease preload and reduce pulmonary congestion.
Pink-tinged frothy sputum can be an early indication of pulmonary edema and can be life-threatening.
Therefore, the nurse should notify the provider immediately.
Question: 88 of 90
A nurse is caring for a client who is experiencing anxiety as well as numbness and tingling of the lips and fingers. The client's
3
ABGs are: pH 7.48, PCO2 30 mm Hg, HCO - 24 mEq/L, PaO2 85 mm Hg. Which of the following acid-base imbalances should
the nurse identify that the client is experiencing?
● Respiratory alkalosis
○ This pH is alkaline (increased) and the PCO2 is decreased, representing alveolar
hyperventilation and resultant respiratory alkalosis.
RN Vati Adult Medical Surgical 2020 complete question and
answers 100% solved|verified
, RN Vati Adult Medical Surgical 2020 complete question and
answers 100% solved|verified
● Respiratory acidosis
○ This pH is alkaline (increased) and the PCO2 is decreased. A decreased pH and an increased PCO2
indicate respiratory acidosis.
● Metabolic alkalosis
○ This HCO 3- 24 mEq/L is within the expected range of 21 to 28 mEq/L and the pH is alkaline (increased). An
3
increased pH and HCO - indicate metabolic alkalosis.
● Metabolic acidosis
○ This HCO 3- 24 mEq/L is within the expected range of 21 to 28 mEq/L and the pH is alkaline (increased). A
3
decreased pH and HCO - indicate metabolic acidosis
Question: 87 of 90
A nurse is assessing a client who has Cushing's syndrome. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
● Vitiligo
● Osteoporosis
○ Osteoporosis is a common finding with Cushing's syndrome. Bones become thinner as a result of mineral
loss and nitrogen depletion, and the risk for fractures increases.
● Myxedema
● Heat intolerance
Question: 86 of 90
A nurse is inspecting the skin of a client who has basal cell carcinoma. The nurse should identify which of the following lesion
characteristics on the client's skin?
● A pearly, waxy nodule
○ A client who has basal cell carcinoma has a nodular lesion with well-defined borders and a pearly or waxy
appearance, resulting from overexposure to the sun, especially on the face, head, and neck.
● An irregular border on a variegated-colored lesion
○ A client who has melanoma has a lesion with irregular borders and variegated colors of red, white, and
blue, most often on the upper back or lower legs.
● A firm, nodular, crusty, or ulcerated lesion
○ A client who has squamous cell carcinoma has a firm, nodular, and crusty lesion with an ulcerated center,
resulting from sun exposure, chronic irritation, burns, or irradiation to the skin.
● A weeping vesicle
RN Vati Adult Medical Surgical 2020 complete question and
answers 100% solved|verified
, RN Vati Adult Medical Surgical 2020 complete question and
answers 100% solved|verified
○ A client who has herpes zoster has weeping, blister-type lesions.
Question: 85 of 90
A nurse is assessing a client who has hypocalcemia. In which of the following areas should the nurse tap on the client's face to
detect the presence of Chvostek's sign? (You will find hot spots to select in the artwork below. Select only the hot spot that
corresponds to your answer.)
A is correct. The nurse should tap the client's cheek just in front of the ear and below the zygomatic arch. The client who
has hypocalcemia will display a Chvostek's sign, which is a twitching of the facial muscle.
Question: 84 of 90
A nurse in an emergency department is assessing a client who is overusing prescribed diuretics and has a sodium level of 127
mEq/L. Which of the following laboratory findings should the nurse expect?
● Low urine specific gravity
○ A client who has hyponatremia as a result of diuretic overuse has a low urine specific gravity. The
increased excretion of water alters the ratio of particulate matter, which affects the specific gravity. Low
hemoglobin
● Low Hemoglobin
○ A client who is dehydrated as a result of diuretic overuse can have an elevated hemoglobin level because of
the difference in ratio between intravascular fluid and blood cells.
● High lipase
○ A high lipase level is associated with pancreatic dysfunction or renal failure and is not an expected finding
with hyponatremia or dehydration
● High creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB)
○ An elevated CK-MB level indicates a myocardial infarction and is not an expected finding with
hyponatremia.
RN Vati Adult Medical Surgical 2020 complete question and
answers 100% solved|verified
, RN Vati Adult Medical Surgical 2020 complete question and
answers 100% solved|verified
Question: 83 of 90
A home health nurse is assisting a client with planning care for a family member who has Alzheimer's disease. Which
of the following instructions should the nurse include?
● Remove clutter from rooms and hallways.
○ The nurse should instruct the family member to remove clutter from rooms and hallways so the client is able to
walk without the risk of falling or tripping over objects. Later in the disease, the client can experience seizures,
so cluttered areas could be a risk to the client.
● Place a monthly calendar in the client's room.
○ The nurse should instruct the family member to place a single-date calendar in the client's room. A
monthly calendar can be overwhelming and confusing to a client who has Alzheimer's disease.
● Use confrontation to manage the client's behavior.
○ The nurse should instruct the family member to redirect the client by starting another activity when the client
begins to act out or becomes overstimulated. Redirecting the client might help them gain focus.
● Review the daily schedule with the client every morning.
○ The nurse should instruct the family member to use short, simple sentences when explaining an activity to the
client. The explanation should be done immediately before the activity to aid the client's memory and ability
to follow directions.
Question: 82 of 90
A nurse is caring for a client who has developed acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Which of the following findings
should the nurse identify as a manifestation of this syndrome?
● An audible pleural friction rub
○ A client who has a pulmonary embolism can have a pleural friction rub along with tachypnea,
tachycardia, dyspnea, and sudden, sharp chest pain. However, a pleural friction rub is not a manifestation
of ARDS.
● Tracheal deviation from the midline
○ A client who has a tension pneumothorax can have tracheal deviation with dyspnea, tachycardia, and
tachypnea. On auscultation, breath sounds over the area of the pneumothorax are decreased or absent. However,
tracheal deviation is not a manifestation of ARDS.
● Refractory hypoxemia
○ ARDS is a systemic inflammatory response to trauma, sepsis, burns, pancreatitis, and blood transfusions, when
excess lung fluid dilutes surfactant activity in the lungs. A client who has ARDS has refractory hypoxemia,
RN Vati Adult Medical Surgical 2020 complete question and
answers 100% solved|verified
answers 100% solved|verified
Question: 90 of 90
A nurse is caring for a client who has atopic dermatitis and a prescription for triamcinolone ointment. The nurse should
assess the client to monitor for which of the following adverse effects?
● Increased pigmentation
● Topical glucocorticoid therapy can cause the adverse effect of hypopigmentation.
● Localized hair loss
● Long-term glucocorticoid therapy can cause hypertrichosis, or excessive hair growth, especially on the facial area.
● Thinning of the skin
○ Thinning of the skin and delayed healing are adverse effects of topical glucocorticoid preparations. The client
should only apply the ointment to dry patches of the skin because topical steroids can cause atrophy of the dermis
and epidermis, which can result in thinning of the skin.
Question: 89 of 90
A nurse is assessing a client who has left-sided heart failure. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as a
manifestation of left-sided heart failure?
● Dependent edema
● Jugular distention
● Weight gain
● Frothy sputum
○ The nurse should identify that frothy sputum, dyspnea, and wheezing are manifestations of left-sided heart failure.
Treatment includes fluid restriction and diuretics to decrease preload and reduce pulmonary congestion.
Pink-tinged frothy sputum can be an early indication of pulmonary edema and can be life-threatening.
Therefore, the nurse should notify the provider immediately.
Question: 88 of 90
A nurse is caring for a client who is experiencing anxiety as well as numbness and tingling of the lips and fingers. The client's
3
ABGs are: pH 7.48, PCO2 30 mm Hg, HCO - 24 mEq/L, PaO2 85 mm Hg. Which of the following acid-base imbalances should
the nurse identify that the client is experiencing?
● Respiratory alkalosis
○ This pH is alkaline (increased) and the PCO2 is decreased, representing alveolar
hyperventilation and resultant respiratory alkalosis.
RN Vati Adult Medical Surgical 2020 complete question and
answers 100% solved|verified
, RN Vati Adult Medical Surgical 2020 complete question and
answers 100% solved|verified
● Respiratory acidosis
○ This pH is alkaline (increased) and the PCO2 is decreased. A decreased pH and an increased PCO2
indicate respiratory acidosis.
● Metabolic alkalosis
○ This HCO 3- 24 mEq/L is within the expected range of 21 to 28 mEq/L and the pH is alkaline (increased). An
3
increased pH and HCO - indicate metabolic alkalosis.
● Metabolic acidosis
○ This HCO 3- 24 mEq/L is within the expected range of 21 to 28 mEq/L and the pH is alkaline (increased). A
3
decreased pH and HCO - indicate metabolic acidosis
Question: 87 of 90
A nurse is assessing a client who has Cushing's syndrome. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
● Vitiligo
● Osteoporosis
○ Osteoporosis is a common finding with Cushing's syndrome. Bones become thinner as a result of mineral
loss and nitrogen depletion, and the risk for fractures increases.
● Myxedema
● Heat intolerance
Question: 86 of 90
A nurse is inspecting the skin of a client who has basal cell carcinoma. The nurse should identify which of the following lesion
characteristics on the client's skin?
● A pearly, waxy nodule
○ A client who has basal cell carcinoma has a nodular lesion with well-defined borders and a pearly or waxy
appearance, resulting from overexposure to the sun, especially on the face, head, and neck.
● An irregular border on a variegated-colored lesion
○ A client who has melanoma has a lesion with irregular borders and variegated colors of red, white, and
blue, most often on the upper back or lower legs.
● A firm, nodular, crusty, or ulcerated lesion
○ A client who has squamous cell carcinoma has a firm, nodular, and crusty lesion with an ulcerated center,
resulting from sun exposure, chronic irritation, burns, or irradiation to the skin.
● A weeping vesicle
RN Vati Adult Medical Surgical 2020 complete question and
answers 100% solved|verified
, RN Vati Adult Medical Surgical 2020 complete question and
answers 100% solved|verified
○ A client who has herpes zoster has weeping, blister-type lesions.
Question: 85 of 90
A nurse is assessing a client who has hypocalcemia. In which of the following areas should the nurse tap on the client's face to
detect the presence of Chvostek's sign? (You will find hot spots to select in the artwork below. Select only the hot spot that
corresponds to your answer.)
A is correct. The nurse should tap the client's cheek just in front of the ear and below the zygomatic arch. The client who
has hypocalcemia will display a Chvostek's sign, which is a twitching of the facial muscle.
Question: 84 of 90
A nurse in an emergency department is assessing a client who is overusing prescribed diuretics and has a sodium level of 127
mEq/L. Which of the following laboratory findings should the nurse expect?
● Low urine specific gravity
○ A client who has hyponatremia as a result of diuretic overuse has a low urine specific gravity. The
increased excretion of water alters the ratio of particulate matter, which affects the specific gravity. Low
hemoglobin
● Low Hemoglobin
○ A client who is dehydrated as a result of diuretic overuse can have an elevated hemoglobin level because of
the difference in ratio between intravascular fluid and blood cells.
● High lipase
○ A high lipase level is associated with pancreatic dysfunction or renal failure and is not an expected finding
with hyponatremia or dehydration
● High creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB)
○ An elevated CK-MB level indicates a myocardial infarction and is not an expected finding with
hyponatremia.
RN Vati Adult Medical Surgical 2020 complete question and
answers 100% solved|verified
, RN Vati Adult Medical Surgical 2020 complete question and
answers 100% solved|verified
Question: 83 of 90
A home health nurse is assisting a client with planning care for a family member who has Alzheimer's disease. Which
of the following instructions should the nurse include?
● Remove clutter from rooms and hallways.
○ The nurse should instruct the family member to remove clutter from rooms and hallways so the client is able to
walk without the risk of falling or tripping over objects. Later in the disease, the client can experience seizures,
so cluttered areas could be a risk to the client.
● Place a monthly calendar in the client's room.
○ The nurse should instruct the family member to place a single-date calendar in the client's room. A
monthly calendar can be overwhelming and confusing to a client who has Alzheimer's disease.
● Use confrontation to manage the client's behavior.
○ The nurse should instruct the family member to redirect the client by starting another activity when the client
begins to act out or becomes overstimulated. Redirecting the client might help them gain focus.
● Review the daily schedule with the client every morning.
○ The nurse should instruct the family member to use short, simple sentences when explaining an activity to the
client. The explanation should be done immediately before the activity to aid the client's memory and ability
to follow directions.
Question: 82 of 90
A nurse is caring for a client who has developed acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Which of the following findings
should the nurse identify as a manifestation of this syndrome?
● An audible pleural friction rub
○ A client who has a pulmonary embolism can have a pleural friction rub along with tachypnea,
tachycardia, dyspnea, and sudden, sharp chest pain. However, a pleural friction rub is not a manifestation
of ARDS.
● Tracheal deviation from the midline
○ A client who has a tension pneumothorax can have tracheal deviation with dyspnea, tachycardia, and
tachypnea. On auscultation, breath sounds over the area of the pneumothorax are decreased or absent. However,
tracheal deviation is not a manifestation of ARDS.
● Refractory hypoxemia
○ ARDS is a systemic inflammatory response to trauma, sepsis, burns, pancreatitis, and blood transfusions, when
excess lung fluid dilutes surfactant activity in the lungs. A client who has ARDS has refractory hypoxemia,
RN Vati Adult Medical Surgical 2020 complete question and
answers 100% solved|verified
