RN Renal Urinary and Reproductive Systems EAQ

RN Renal Urinary and Reproductive Systems EAQWhich hormone is crucial in maintaining the implanted egg at its site? Inhibin Estrogen Progesterone Testosterone Which retrograde procedure involves the examination of the ureters and the renal pelvises? Cystogram Pyelogram Urethrogram Voiding cystourethrogram Which is a primary glomerular disease? Diabetic glomerulopathy Chronic glomerulonephritis Hemolytic-uremic syndrome Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) A client is diagnosed as having invasive cancer of the bladder, and brachytherapy is scheduled. What should the nurse expect the client to demonstrate that indicates success of this therapy? Decrease in urine output Increase in pulse strength Shrinkage of the tumor on scanning Increase in the quantity of white blood cells (WBCs) A client begins therapy with a new medication. One month later the client notices blood in the urine. Which drug does the nurse anticipate as the cause? Warfarin Nifedipine Nitrofurantoin Phenazopyridine A client reports an absence of menstruation to the nurse. Which condition does the nurse suspect? Gonorrhea Amenorrhea Dysmenorrhea Ectopic pregnancy Which urodynamic study provides information on bladder capacity, bladder pressure, and voiding reflexes? Radiography Renal arteriographyElectromyography (EMG) Cystometrography (CMG) Which hormone is released in response to low serum levels of calcium? Renin Erythropoietin Parathyroid hormone Atrial natriuretic peptide What does the presence of ketones in the urine of a client with renal dysfunction indicate? Cystitis Heart failure Urinary calculi Anorexia nervosa The nurse is aware that the Cowper gland is also often referred to by which other term? Skene gland Prostate gland Bartholin gland Bulbourethral gland A client who had a transurethral resection of the prostate is transferred to the postanesthesia care unit with an intravenous (IV) line and a urinary retention catheter. For which major complication is it most important for the nurse to assess during the immediate postoperative period? Sepsis Phlebitis Hemorrhage Leakage around the IV catheter Which part of the female reproductive system produces testosterone in females? Uterus Ovary Fallopian tube Ovarian follicle Which parts of the nephron are the sites of action for furosemide?Select all that apply. Glomerulus Loop of Henle Distal tubule Proximal tubuleBowman capsule What is the concentration of estradiol in the blood during the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle? 130 pg/mL 159 pg/mL 165 pg/mL 171 pg/mL Which structures are included in the external genitalia in males? Select all that apply. Penis Testes Scrotum Urethra Seminal vesicles The nurse is educating student nurses about the anatomy and physiology of the kidneys. What term does the nurse explain is used for the tip of the pyramid of a kidney? Calyx Papilla Renal pelvis Renal column Which test helps to identify fibroids, tumors, and fistulas while performing a reproductive tract examination? Mammography Ultrasonography Hysterosalpingography Computed tomography A nurse educates the client about the relationship between the kidneys and blood pressure. Which term should the nurse use to describe the part of the kidney that senses changes in blood pressure? Calices Glomerulus Macula densa Juxtaglomerular cells Which statement is true regarding the functions of kidney hormones? Prostaglandin increases blood flow and vascular permeability. Bradykinin regulates intrarenal blood flow via vasodilation or vasoconstriction. Renin raises blood pressure because of angiotensin and aldosterone secretion. Erythropoietin promotes the absorption of calcium in the gastrointestinal tract (GI) tract.Which urinalysis finding indicates a urinary tract infection? Presence of crystals Presence of bilirubin Presence of ketones Presence of leukoesterase The nurse is assessing an elderly male. Which finding is seen with aging? Symmetrical testes Reduced size of testes Presence of pubic hair Presence of foreskin on the penis Which hormone influences kidney function? Renin Bradykinin Aldosterone Erythropoietin The nurse is educating new parents about circumcision. Which structure of the penis would this nurse tell the parents is removed during circumcision? Glans Prepuce Epididymis Vas deferens Which part of the nephron secretes creatinine required for elimination? Glomerulus Loop of Henle Collecting duct Proximal tubule A 55-year-old client reports cessation of menstrual periods. Which term best describes the client's condition? Menarche Menopause Dyspareunia Amenorrhea Which intervention would be most beneficial in preventing a catheter-associated urinary tract infection in a postoperative client? Pouring warm water over the perineum Ensuring the patency of the catheterRemoving the catheter within 24 hours Cleaning the catheter insertion site What is the action of vasopressin? Promotes sodium reabsorption Reabsorbs water into the capillaries Promotes tubular secretion of sodium Stimulates bone marrow to make red blood cells The nurse finds that a client has reduced urinary output. Which condition would the nurse document in the client’s medical record? Anuria Dysuria Oliguria Nocturia Which phase of the woman's sexual response is characterized by elevation of the uterus? Plateau phase Orgasmic phase Excitation phase Resolution phase Which statement regarding erythropoietin is true? Erythropoietin is released by the pancreas. An erythropoietin deficiency causes diabetes. An erythropoietin deficiency is associated with renal failure. Erythropoietin is released only when there is adequate blood flow. A client has a kidney transplant. The nurse should monitor for which assessment findings associated with rejection of the transplant? Select all that apply. Fever Oliguria Jaundice Polydipsia Weight gain The nurse is performing a physical examination of a client by placing the left hand on the back and supporting the client’s right side between the rib cage and the iliac crest. Which physical assessment maneuver is the nurse performing on this client? Palpation Inspection PercussionAuscultation The nurse is educating a couple concerning the process of fertilization. The nurse explains to the couple that which component stimulates the release of estrogen and progesterone after fertilization? Inhibin Testosterone Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) A client with chronic renal failure has been on hemodialysis for 2 years. The client communicates with the nurse in the dialysis unit in an angry, critical manner and is frequently noncompliant with medications and diet. The nurse can best intervene by first considering that the client’s behavior is most likely for which reason? An attempt to punish the nursing staff A constructive method of accepting reality A defense against underlying depression and fear An effort to maintain life and to live it as fully as possible A client who is recovering from deep partial-thickness burns develops chills, fever, flank pain, and malaise. The primary healthcare provider makes a tentative diagnosis of urinary tract infection. Which diagnostic tests should the nurse expect the primary healthcare provider to prescribe to confirm this diagnosis? Cystoscopy and bilirubin level Specific gravity and pH of the urine Urinalysis and urine culture and sensitivity Creatinine clearance and albumin/globulin (A/G) ratio A nurse is notified that the latest potassium level for a client in acute kidney injury is 6.2 mEq (6.2 mmol/L). Which action should the nurse take first? Alert the cardiac arrest team. Call the laboratory to repeat the test. Take vital signs and notify the primary healthcare provider. Obtain an electrocardiogram (ECG) strip and obtain an antiarrhythmic medication. A client who has been told she needs a hysterectomy for cervical cancer is upset about being unable to have a third child. Which action should the nurse take next? Evaluate her willingness to pursue adoption. Encourage her to focus on her own recovery. Emphasize that she does have two children already. Ensure that other treatment options for her will be explored. A nurse is teaching a birthing/prenatal class about breast-feeding. Which hormone stimulates the production of milk during lactation?Inhibin Estrogen Prolactin Progesterone Tests reveal that a client has phosphatic renal calculi. The nurse teaches the client that the diet may include which food item? Apples Chocolate Rye bread Cheddar cheese Which statement indicates the nurse has a correct understanding about kidney ultrasonography? Kidney ultrasonography primarily makes use of iodinated contrast dye. Kidney ultrasonography is performed on the client with an empty bladder. Kidney ultrasonography makes use of sound waves and has minimal risk. Kidney ultrasonography gives three-dimensional information regarding kidneys. A nurse is counseling a woman who has had recurrent urinary tract infections. Which factor should the nurse explain is the reason why women are at a greater risk than men for contracting a urinary tract infection? Altered urinary pH Hormonal secretions Juxtaposition of the bladder Proximity of the urethra to the anus A client is admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of cancer of the liver with ascites and is scheduled for a paracentesis. Which nursing intervention is appropriate to include in the client’s plan of care? Cleansing the intestinal tract Marking the anesthetic insertion site Discussing the operating room set-up Having the client void before the procedure The nurse is teaching a client receiving peritoneal dialysis about the reason dialysis solution is warmed before it is instilled into the peritoneal cavity. Which information will the nurse share with the client? Because it forces potssium back into the cells, thereby decreasing serum levels Because it adds extra warmth to the body because metabolic processes are disturbed Because it helps prevent cardiac dysrhythmias by speeding up removal of excess potassiumBecause it encourages removal of serum urea by preventing constriction of peritoneal blood vessels A client who is recovering from deep partial-thickness burns develops chills, fever, flank pain, and malaise. The primary healthcare provider makes a tentative diagnosis of urinary tract infection. Which diagnostic tests should the nurse expect the primary healthcare provider to prescribe to confirm this diagnosis? Cystoscopy and bilirubin level Specific gravity and pH of the urine Urinalysis and urine culture and sensitivity Creatinine clearance and albumin/globulin (A/G) ratio A client in a nursing home is diagnosed with urethritis. What should the nurse plan to do before initiating antibiotic therapy prescribed by the primary healthcare provider? Start a 24-hour urine collection. Prepare for urinary catheterization. Teach the client how to perform perineal care. Obtain a urine specimen for culture and sensitivity. A client is admitted to the hospital with severe flank pain, nausea, and hematuria caused by a ureteral calculus. What should be the nurse’s initial intervention? Strain all urine output. Increase oral fluid intake. Obtain a urine specimen for culture. Administer the prescribed analgesic. Which structure is removed during circumcision of an infant? Glans Prepuce Epididymis Vas deferens The nurse is caring for a client with ureteral colic. To prevent the development of renal calculi in the future, which strategy should be included in the client’s plan of care? Instructing the client to drink at least 3L of fluid daily Interventions to decrease the serum creatinine level A urinary output goal of 2000 mL per 24 hours Excluding milk products from the diet After prostate surgery a client’s indwelling catheter and continuous bladder irrigation (CBI) are to be removed. The nurse discusses with the client the procedure and what to expect after the removal. Which statement by the client indicates teaching by the nurse is understood?"I probably will have dilute urine." "I probably will be unable to urinate." "I probably will produce dark red urine." "I probably will experience some burning on urination." A couple approaches the primary healthcare provider to seek guidance on permanent contraception. Which surgeries are suggested to the couple? Select all that apply. Vasectomy Cryosurgery Mastectomy Varicocelectomy Tubal ligation A nurse is counseling a woman who had recurrent urinary tract infections. Which factor should the nurse explain is the reason why women are at a greater risk than men for contracting a urinary tract infection? Altered urinary pH Hormonal secretions Juxtaposition of the bladder Proximity of the urethra to the anus Which electrolyte deficiency triggers the secretion of renin? Sodium Calcium Chloride Potassium A client is taught how to change the dressing and how to care for a recently inserted nephrostomy tube. On the day of discharge the client states, "I hope I can handle all this at home; it’s a lot to remember." Which is the best response by the nurse? "I’m sure you can do it." "Oh, a family member can do it for you." "You seem to be nervous about going home." "Perhaps you can stay in the hospital another day." Which client’s urine specific gravity level is abnormal? 1.006 1.012 1.028 1.041 A nurse is assessing the urine of a client with a urinary tract infection. For which characteristic should the nurse assess each specimen of urine?Clarity Viscosity Glucose level Specific gravity A nurse evaluates that a client with chronic kidney disease understands an adequate source of high biologic-value (HBV) protein when the client selects which food from the menu? Apple juice Raw carrots Cottage cheese Whole wheat bread A student nurse is caring for a client with chronic kidney failure who is to be treated with continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). Which statement by the student nurse indicates to the primary nurse that the student nurse understands the purpose of this therapy? "It provides continuous contact of dialyzer and blood to clear toxins by ultrafiltration." "It exchanges and cleanses blood by correction of electrolytes and excretion of creatinine." "It decreases the need for immobility, because it clears toxins in short and intermittent periods." "It uses the peritoneum as a semipermeable membrane to clear toxins by osmosis and diffusion." Which diagnostic tests are used to measure the kidney size of a client with kidney dysfunction? Select all that apply. Cystoscopy Cystography Radiography Cystourethrography Computed tomography (CT) The primary healthcare provider suspects pituitary gland dysfunction in a female client. Which diagnostic test would the primary healthcare provider suggest to the client? Estradiol test Prolactin test Sims-Huhner test Papanicolaou (Pap) test A nurse is caring for a client with a diagnosis of cancer of the prostate. The nurse should teach the client that which serum level will be monitored throughout the course of the disease? AlbuminCreatinine Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) Which hormone elevations indicate Turner syndrome? Select all that apply. Lutropin Prolactin Follitropin Testosterone Progesterone A student nurse is caring for a client with chronic kidney failure who is to be treated with continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). Which statement by the student nurse indicates to the primary nurse that the student nurse understands the purpose of this therapy? "It provides continuous contact of dialyzer and blood to clear toxins by ultrafiltration." "It exchanges and cleanses blood by correction of electrolytes and excretion of creatinine." "It decreases the need for immobility because it clears toxins in short and intermittent periods." "It uses the peritoneum as a semipermeable membrane to clear toxins by osmosis and diffusion." Which hormone is crucial for ovulation and complete maturation of a client’s ovarian follicles? Luteinizing hormone Follicle stimulating hormone Gonadotropin releasing hormone Human chorionic gonadotropin hormone The urinalysis report of a client reveals cloudy urine. What does a nurse infer from the client's report? The client has a urinary infection. The client has a biliary obstruction. The client has diabetic ketoacidosis. The client has been on a starvation diet. The nurse is caring for a client in the postanesthesia care unit. The client had a suprapubic prostatectomy for cancer of the prostate and has a continuous bladder irrigation (CBI) in place. Which primarygoal is the nurse trying to achieve with the CBI? Stimulate continuous formation of urine. Facilitate the measurement of urinary output. Prevent the development of clots in the bladder. Provide continuous pressure on the prostatic fossa.The nurse providing postoperative care for a client who had kidney surgery reviews the client’s urinalysis results. Which urinary finding should the nurse conclude needs to be reported to the primary healthcare provider? Acidic pH Glucose negative Bacteria negative Presence of large proteins When assessing a client during peritoneal dialysis, a nurse observes that drainage of the dialysate from the peritoneal cavity has ceased before the required volume has returned. What should the nurse instruct the client to do? Drink a glass of water Turn from side to side Deep breathe and cough Rotate the catheter periodically A pathology report states that a client’s urinary calculus is composed of uric acid. Which food item should the nurse instruct the client to avoid? Milk Liver Cheese Vegetables What are the functions of antidiuretic hormone (ADH)? Select all that apply. Controlling calcium balance Increasing arteriole constriction Increasing tubular permeability to water Stimulating the bone marrow to make red blood cells Promoting the reabsorption of sodium in the distal convoluted tubule (DCT) A nurse writes a goal of preventing renal calculi in a care plan for a client with paraplegia. Which information most likely caused the nurse to write this goal? High fluid intake Increased intake of calcium Inadequate kidney function Accelerated bone demineralization A client is transferred to the postanesthesia care unit after undergoing a pyelolithotomy. The client’s urinary output is 50 mL/hr. What should the nurse do? Record the output as an expected finding. Encourage the client to drink oral fluids. Milk the client’s nephrostomy tube.Notify the primary healthcare provider. A client with ascites has a paracentesis, and 1500 mL of fluid is removed. For which immediate response is it most important for the nurse to monitor? Rapid, thready pulse Decreased peristalsis Respiratory congestion Increase in temperature How long will a client’s ovum stay viable after its release to get fertilized? 72 hours 74 hours 76 hours 78 hours The nurse finds that a client with a urinary disorder has very pale-yellow-colored urine. What is the significance of this abnormal finding? It indicates dilute urine. It indicates blood in the urine. It indicates concentrated urine. It indicates the presence of myoglobin. A nurse is evaluating a client’s understanding of peritoneal dialysis. Which information in the client’s response indicates an understanding of the purpose of the procedure? Reestablishing kidney function Cleaning the peritoneal membrane Providing fluid for intracellular spaces Removing toxins in addition to other metabolic wastes Which part of the kidney produces the hormone bradykinin? Kidney tissues Kidney parenchyma Renin-producing granular cells Juxtaglomerular cells of the arterioles Radium inserted in the vagina of a client now is being removed. Which safety precaution should the nurse employ when assisting with the radium removal? Clean the radium in ether or alcohol. Wear foil-lined rubber gloves while handling the radium. Ensure that long forceps are available for removing the radium. Document how long the radium was in place and when it was removed.A nurse is providing client teaching to a woman who has recurrent urinary tract infections. Which information should the nurse include concerning the reason why women are more susceptible to urinary tract infections than men? Inadequate fluid intake Poor hygienic practices The length of the urethra The continuity of mucous membranes The nurse provides discharge instructions to a male client who had an ureterolithotomy. The client has a history of recurrent urinary tract infections (UTIs). For which indicators of a UTI should the nurse instruct the client? Urgency or frequency of urination An increase of ketones in the urine The inability to maintain an erection Pain radiating to the external genitalia The nurse is performing an assessment of a female client’s reproductive system. Which action should the nurse take? Maintain friendly demeanor with the client during assessment Ask about sexual practices at the beginning of assessment Ask about menstrual history at the beginning of assessment Maintain gender-specific terms while questioning during assessment Which drug prescribed to a client with a urinary tract infection (UTI) turns urine reddish-orange in color? Amoxicillin Ciprofloxacin Nitrofurantoin Phenazopyridine A client is diagnosed with condyloma acuminatum. Which finding in the client supports the diagnosis? Macules on the penis Pus-filled ulcers on the penis Swollen penis with tight foreskin Moist, fleshy projections on the penis A male client has discharge from the penis. Gonorrhea is suspected. To obtain a specimen for a culture, what should the nurse do? Instruct the client to provide a semen specimen. Swab the discharge when it appears on the prepuce. Instruct the client how to obtain a clean catch specimen of urine.Swab the drainage directly from the urethra to obtain a specimen. A nurse is caring for a client with a diagnosis of renal calculi secondary to hyperparathyroidism. Which type of diet should the nurse explore with the client when providing discharge information? Low purine Low calcium High phosphorus High alkaline ash nurse is reviewing the clinical record of a client with a diagnosis of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Which test result will the nurse check to confirm the diagnosis? Rectal examination Serum phosphatase level Biopsy of prostatic tissue Massage of prostatic fluid A client arrives at a health clinic reporting hematuria, frequency, urgency, and pain on urination. Which diagnosis will the nurse most likely observe written in the client’s medical record? Chronic glomerulonephritis Nephrotic syndrome Pyelonephritis Cystitis What instruction regarding sample collection should the nurse give a client who is ordered a clean-catch urine specimen? Urinate small amount, stop flow, fill half of cup Collect the last urine sample voided in the night Keep the urine sample in dry warm area if delay is anticipated Send the urine sample to the laboratory within 6 hours of collection The nurse observes a client with kidney failure has increased rate and depth of breathing. Which laboratory parameter does the nurse suspect is associated with this client’s condition? Potassium 8 mEq/L Hemoglobin 10 g/dL Phosphorous 7 mg/dL Bicarbonate 15 mEq/L A female client has a history of recurrent urinary tract infections. What should the nurse include in the teaching plan when educating the client about health practices that may help decrease future urinary tract infections? "Wear cotton underpants." "Void at least every 6 hours.""Increase foods containing alkaline ash in the diet." "Wipe from back to front after toileting." To help prevent a cycle of recurring urinary tract infections in a female client, which instruction should the nurse share? "Urinate as soon as possible after intercourse." "Increase your daily intake of citrus juice." "Douche regularly with alkaline agents." "Take bubble baths regularly." What is the cup-like structure that collects a client’s urine and is located at the end of each papilla? Calyx Capsule Renal cortex Renal columns The older adult client with a weakened urinary sphincter is at risk for which condition? Bladder distention Skin irritation Tendency to fall or trip over objects Urinary retention Which medication used to treat urinary incontinence strengthens the urinary sphincters and has anticholinergic action? Midorine Duloxetine Oxybutynin Mirabegron A client reports the passage of urine while coughing. What condition does the nurse suspect of the client? Enuresis Pneumaturia Urinary retention Stress incontinence Which part of the female external genital protects inner vulval structures and enhances sexual arousal? Clitoris Mons pubis Labia majora Bartholin glandsTo prepare for hemodialysis, a client with end-stage kidney disease is scheduled for surgery, specifically for the creation of an internal arteriovenous fistula in one arm and placement of an external arteriovenous shunt in the other arm. When considering care for these sites, which difference will the nurse consider? The graft is more subject to hemorrhage, clotting, and infection than the fistula is. Blood pressure readings can be taken in the arm with the fistula but not the one with the shunt. Intravenous (IV) fluids can be administered in the arm with the shunt but not the one with the fistula. The fistula should be covered with a light dressing, and the shunt should be covered thoroughly with a heavy dressing. A client who has repeated episodes of cystitis is scheduled for a cystoscopy to determine the possibility of urinary tract abnormalities. The client asks the nurse to describe the procedure. Which is the nurse’s most appropriate response? "It is a computerized scan that outlines the bladder and surrounding tissue." "It is an x-ray film of the abdomen, kidneys, ureters, and bladder after administration of dye." "It is the visualization of the inside of the bladder with an instrument connected to a source of light." "It is the visualization of the urinary tract through ureteral catheterization and the use of radiopaque material." The nurse is reviewing a client’s current medication therapy and suspects hematuria. Which medication is responsible for the client’s condition? Warfarin Cimetidine Phenazopyridine Nitrofurantoin male client reports dysuria, nocturia, and difficulty starting the urinary stream. A cystoscopy and biopsy of the prostate gland have been scheduled. After the procedure the client reports an inability to void. Which action should the nurse take? Insert a urinary retention catheter. Palpate above the pubic symphysis. Limit oral fluids until the client voids. Assure the client that this is expected. During an 8-hour shift a client has a 6-oz (180 mL) cup of tea and 360 mL of water; the client vomits 100 mL, and the intravenous (IV) fluids instilled equaled the urinary output. What is this client’s fluid balance at the end of this 8-hour period that the nurse must document on the client’s intake and output record? 240 mL 340 mL440 mL 540 mL A client reports swelling of the scrotum with no pain. Which condition does the nurse anticipate in the client? Chancroid Hydrocele Spermatocele Incarcerated hernia The registered nurse is preparing to assess a client’s renal system. Which statement by the nurse indicates effective technique? "I must first palpate the client if a tumor is suspected." "I must first listen for normal pulse at the client’s wrist region." "I must first auscultate the client and then proceed to percussion and palpation." "I must first examine tender abdominal areas and then proceed to nontender areas." Which actions should the nurse perform while collecting subjective data from a client during a focused urinary assessment? Select all that apply. Inquire about painful urination Ask the client about changes in characteristics of urination Assess the levels of blood urea nitrogen and creatinine Palpate the abdomen for bladder distention or masses Inspect the urinary meatus for inflammation or discharge A client has returned from pelvic surgery. Which action should the nurse include in the plan of care? Encouraging the client to ambulate in the hallway Elevating the client’s legs by raising the bed’s knee support Assisting the client to center self securely in the middle of the bed Maintaining the client on bed rest until the bandages are removed What is the action of the vasopressin hormone released from the client’s posterior pituitary? Helps produce concentrated urine Causes tubular secretion of sodium Promotes potassium secretion in the collecting duct Enhances sodium reabsorption in the distal convoluted tubule The nurse is teaching about pneumaturia to a coworker. Which statement should the nurse include in the teaching plan? "It is passage of urine containing gas.""It is stinging pain in the urethral area." "It is the diminished amount of urine in a given time." "It is involuntary urination with increased pressure." The nurse is instructing a female client how to collect a urine specimen. What should the nurse tell the client about obtaining the specimen? "Start urinating in the cup and then finish urinating in the toilet." "If you can’t fill the cup then leave it on the toilet and use it again when you next void." "With the enclosed towelettes, wipe your labia from front to back before collecting the specimen." "When you finish, leave the cup on the back of the toilet and the aide will get it when making rounds." A client fears pregnancy despite the use of oral contraceptives. Which blood test would the primary healthcare provider order for the client? Prolactin test Testosterone test Progesterone test Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) test A nurse is caring for a client with a ureteral calculus. Which are the most important nursing actions? Select all that apply. Limiting fluid intake at night Monitoring intake and output Straining the urine at each voiding Recording the client’s blood pressure Administering the prescribed analgesic The nurse is providing education to a client with calculi in the calyces of the right kidney. The client is scheduled to have the calculi removed. Which information should the nurse include in the teaching? The calculi are too large for transurethral removal. During the surgery, the right ureter will be removed. After surgery, a suprapubic catheter will be in place. After surgery, there will be a small incision in the right flank area. A nurse is caring for an older bedridden male client who is incontinent of urine. Which action should the nurse take first? Restrict fluid intake. Offer the urinal regularly. Apply incontinence pants.Insert an indwelling urinary catheter. A client with renal colic is scheduled for extracorporeal shock-wave lithotripsy. The night before the procedure, the client puts the call light on frequently and has many demands. Which will be an appropriate statement for the nurse to make? "I know how you feel; I had this same procedure last year." "We’ll take good care of you, so you have nothing to worry about." "You are facing a new experience tomorrow; tell me what concerns you have." "Your behavior tells me that you are scared of what you are facing tomorrow." A client who is diagnosed with sexual dysfunction makes a comment to the nurse, "Well, I guess my sex life is over." Which is the most appropriate response by the nurse? "I’m sorry to hear that." "Oh, you have a lot of good years left." "You are concerned about your sex life?" "Have you asked your primary healthcare provider about that?" The blood urea nitrogen (BUN)/creatinine ratio of a client is 3. Which condition does the nurse suspect in the client? Fluid volume excess Obstructive uropathy Severe hepatic damage Gastrointestinal (Gl) bleeding A client has been diagnosed with anemia. Which decreased hormone level may be the cause? Bradykinin Prostaglandin Erythropoietin Activated vitamin D An older adult client states, "I walk 2 miles [3.2 km] a day for exercise, but now that the weather is hot, I am worried about becoming dehydrated." What should the clinic nurse teach the client? "Drink fruit juices if you start to feel dehydrated." "Thirst is a good guide to use to determine fluid intake." "Fluids should be increased if the urine is getting darker." "Water should be consumed when the skin becomes dry." Which component of the client’s nephron acts as a receptor site for the antidiuretic hormone and regulates water balance? Collecting ducts Bowman’s capsule Distal convoluted tubule Proximal convoluted tubuleA nurse checking the perineum of a client with a radium implant for cervical cancer observes the packing protruding from the vagina. The nurse notifies the primary healthcare provider to have the packing removed. What is the primary reason that the packing needs to be removed immediately? The radioactive packing will injure healthy tissue. Removal of the packing will prevent excessive blood loss. The exposure of radium to the environment will diminish its effectiveness. Removal of the packing will minimize life-threatening contact with the radiation. Which part of the reproductive system secretes androgens in female clients? Uterus Ovaries Fallopian tube Ovarian follicle Which serum laboratory values in a client with urinary problems may indicate the risk of developing muscle weakness and cardiac arrhythmias? Calcium of 9.5 mg/dL (2.375 mmol/L) Potassium of 7.02 mEq/L (7.02 mmol/L) Bicarbonate of 22.8 mEq/L (22.8 mmol/L) Phosphorus of 4.1 mg/dL (1.3243 mmol/L) Which instruction should the nurse give a client who is on oral extended-release ciprofloxacin therapy for urinary tract infection? Chew the medication along with food Take a walk in morning sunlight Stop the drug after symptoms subside Refrain from taking the tablet immediately after an antacid A nurse is caring for a client with acute kidney injury who is receiving a protein-restricted diet. The client asks why this diet is necessary. Which information should the nurse include in a response to the client’s questions? A high-protein intake ensures an adequate daily supply of amino acids to compensate for losses. Essential and nonessential amino acids are necessary in the diet to supply materials for tissue protein synthesis. This supplies only essential amino acids, reducing the amount of metabolic waste products, thus decreasing stress on the kidneys. Urea nitrogen cannot be used to synthesize amino acids in the body, so the nitrogen for amino acid synthesis must come from the dietary protein. The nurse is providing postoperative care 8 hours after a client had a total cystectomy and the formation of an ileal conduit. Which assessment finding should be reported immediately? Edematous stomaDusky-colored stoma Absence of bowel sounds Pink-tinged urinary drainage To prepare for hemodialysis, a client with end-stage kidney disease is scheduled for surgery, specifically for the creation of an internal arteriovenous fistula in one arm and placement of an external arteriovenous shunt in the other arm. When considering care for these sites, which difference will the nurse consider? The graft is more subject to hemorrhage, clotting, and infection than the fistula is. Blood pressure readings can be taken in the arm with the fistula but not in the one with the shunt. Intravenous (IV) fluids can be administered in the arm with the shunt but not in the one with the fistula. The fistula should be covered with a light dressing, and the shunt should be covered thoroughly with a heavy dressing. During an 8-hour shift a client has a 6-oz (180 mL) cup of tea and 360 mL of water; the client vomits 100 mL, and the intravenous (IV) fluids instilled equal the urinary output. What is this client’s fluid balance at the end of this 8-hour period that the nurse must document on the client’s intake and output record? 240 mL 340 mL 440 mL 540 mL The urinalysis report of a client reveals pH to be 6, turbidity-cloudy, specific gravity of 1.02, and 0.7 mg/dL of proteins. What does the primary healthcare provider infer from the findings? Infection Glomerular disorder Acid-base imbalance Decreased kidney perfusion Which glands help in lubricating the urinary meatus in female clients? Skene glands Prostate glands Cowper glands Bartholin glands A nurse is caring for a client who is experiencing urinary incontinence. The client has an involuntary loss of small amounts (25 to 35 mL) of urine from an overdistended bladder. How should this be documented in the client’s medical record?Urge incontinence Stress incontinence Overflow incontinence Functional incontinence During an examination of a client with kidney dysfunction, the nurse finds the presence of glucose in the urine. Which nursing intervention is beneficial for this client? Administering oral fluids Noting the finding down as normal Administering hypoglycemic medication Reporting this finding to the primary healthcare provider After interacting with a client, a nurse finds that a 23-year-old client has never undergone a Papanicolaou (Pap) test. What should the nurse suggest to the client? Schedule a Pap test immediately Schedule a Pap test during menses Schedule a Pap test every five years Schedule a Pap test and human papillomavirus test Which natural physiologic process helps prevent bacterial infections within the client’s bladder containing urine? The secretions of the urothelium The relaxation of the detrusor muscle The contraction of the external sphincter The muscle tone of the internal sphincter After reviewing the urinalysis reports of a client with kidney dysfunction, the nurse suspects the presence of myoglobin. Which finding in the test reports supports the nurse’s suspicion? Red-colored urine Brown-colored urine Dark amber colored urine Very pale yellow colored urine A nurse is caring for a client who recently had a kidney transplant. Which priority assessment finding requires follow up by the nurse? Fever Hematuria Moon facies Yellow sclera Which dietary suggestion should the nurse provide while teaching a group of geriatric female clients who have reduced amounts of circulating estrogen? "Include fish in your diet.""Include fruits in your diet." "Include yogurt in your diet." "Include legumes in your diet." A nurse is caring for a client who is scheduled to have a paracentesis. Immediately before the procedure, the nurse asks the client to void. What is the rationale for asking the client to void? A full bladder decreases the intraabdominal pressure. A full bladder decreases the amount of fluid in the abdominal cavity. A full bladder increases the danger of puncture during the procedure. A full bladder increases the presence of urea in the intraabdominal fluid. A client with cancer of the bladder is admitted to the hospital for diagnostic tests to determine the extent of the disease. While the nurse is caring for the client, the client asks, "If they remove my bladder, how will I be able to urinate?" Which is the best response by the nurse? "You can still function normally without a bladder." "I am sure this is very upsetting to you, but it will be over soon." "I know you’re upset, but there are alternatives to removing your bladder." "The tests will help to determine whether your bladder has to be removed." A nurse provides dietary instructions to a client with calcium oxalate kidney stones. Which instruction should the nurse give to the client? "You should limit your sodium intake." "You should limit your intake of gravies." "You should limit your intake of red wines." "You should limit your intake of organ meat." A client reports to a health clinic because a sexual partner recently was diagnosed as having gonorrhea. The health history reveals that the client has engaged in receptive anal intercourse. What should the nurse assess for in this client? Melena Anal itching Constipation Ribbon-shaped stools Twenty-four hours after a penile implant the client’s scrotum is edematous and painful. What should the nurse do? Assist the client with a sitz bath. Apply warm soaks to the scrotum. Elevate the scrotum using a soft support. Prepare for an incision and drainage procedure. After assessing a client with an involuntary loss of urine, the nurse suspects overflow incontinence. Which symptom supports the nurse’s suspicion?Constant dribbling of urine Abrupt and strong urge to void Loss of urine with physical exertion Large amount of urine loss with each occurrence A nurse prepares a client with kidney dysfunction for a cystoscopy. Which nursing intervention would be beneficial? Asking the client to have an adequate evening meal Instructing the client to take oral fluids to increase urine output Performing a bowel preparation with enema the morning before the procedure Asking the client to be NPO (nil per os) after midnight on the night before the procedure A female client reports a white, thick, odorless discharge from the vulva. Upon examination, the nurse finds that the vulva are swollen. What does the nurse suspect in the client? Candida infection Bacterial vaginosis infection Trichomonas vaginalis infection Chlamydia trachomatis infection Among which group of women are breast cancer death rates the lowest? Hawaiian Puerto Rican Asian American African American A nurse is caring for a client who is scheduled for cystoscopy. What should the nurse include in the client’s postcystoscopy teaching plan? "Remain flat in bed for the first 24 hours." "Notify the nurse if there is any drainage on the dressing." "Increase fluid intake for 3 to 4 days after the procedure." "Bear down when attempting to void during the first 6 hours." A client with a renal disorder is scheduled for an intravenous pyelogram (IVP). Which interventions should the nurse undertake prior to the procedure? Select all that apply. Ensure that the consent form is signed Assess the client for iodine sensitivity Have the client remove all metal objects Administer an enema or cathartic to the client Instruct the client to lie still during the procedure A client who has been on hemodialysis for several weeks asks the nurse what substances are being removed by the dialysis. Which substance removal should the nurse share with the client?Blood Sodium Glucose Bacteria A client with urinary incontinence is prescribed amitriptyline. Which instruction should the nurse provide to the client? "You should avoid dehydration." "You should monitor your urine output." "You should rise slowly when getting up from a sitting or lying position." "You should periodically check your blood pressure when starting the medication." The client diagnosed with a fistula between the bowel and urinary bladder reports passing air and bubbles during urination. What does the nurse anticipate the client’s condition to be? Nocturia Oliguria Pneumaturia Stress incontinence A client weighed 210 pounds (95.2 kg) on admission to the hospital. After 2 days of diuretic therapy, the client weighs 205.5 pounds (93.2 kg). How many liters of fluid has the client excreted? Record your answer using a whole number. 2 L During discharge teaching, a client with an ileal conduit asks how frequently the urine pouch should be emptied. Which reply by the nurse is best? "To prevent leakage and pulling of the pouch from the skin, it should be emptied every few hours." "To prevent skin irritation, it should be emptied every hour if any urine has collected in the bag." "To reduce the risk of infection, the system should be opened as little as possible; two times a day is adequate." "To reduce the cost of drainage pouches, it should be emptied once the system is switched to a bedside collection bag." A nurse is caring for a client with a diagnosis of chronic kidney failure who has just been told by the primary healthcare provider that hemodialysis is necessary. Which clinical manifestation indicates the need for hemodialysis? Ascites AcidosisHypertension Hyperkalemia The primary healthcare provider prescribes 80 mg of furosemide by mouth daily. Before administering the furosemide, which action is the priority? Weigh the client. Assess skin turgor. Check the potassium lab results. Check the total intake and output for the last 24 hours. Which finding would the nurse expect in the urinalysis report of a client with diabetes insipidus? pH of urine: 9 Specific gravity of urine: 0.4 Red blood cells in urine: 6 hpf White blood cells in urine: 8 hpf The nurse is providing dietary teaching to a client who is receiving hemodialysis. What should the nurse encourage the client to include in the dietary plan? Rice Potatoes Canned salmon Barbecued beef During the postoperative period after surgery for a kidney transplant, the client’s creatinine level is 3.1 mg/dL (260 mcmol/L). What should the nurse do first in response to this laboratory result? Notify the primary healthcare provider. Obtain current blood test results. Assess for decreased urine output. Check the intravenous (IV) infusion. A residual urine test is prescribed for a client with benign prostatic hyperplasia. What should the nurse instruct the client to do? Void after a urinary catheter is removed. Collect a specimen of urine during midstream. Attempt to void when a urinary catheter is in place. Empty the bladder before a urinary catheter is inserted. A client with kidney dysfunction reports anorexia, itching, nausea, vomiting, and muscle cramps. Which renal complication do these symptoms indicate? Uremia Nephritis Nephrosis Renal colicA nurse is reviewing the laboratory reports of a client with a diagnosis of end-stage renal disease. Which test result should the nurse anticipate? Arterial pH of 7.5 Hematocrit of 54% Potassium of 6.3 mEq/L (6.3 mmol/L) Creatinine of 1.2 mg/dL (106 mcmol/L) Which is an abnormal finding of the urinary system? Nonpalpable left kidney Presence of bowel sounds Nonpalpable urinary bladder Pain in the flank region upon hitting A client with a history of chronic kidney disease is hospitalized. Which assessment findings will alert the nurse to kidney insufficiency? Facial flushing Edema and pruritus Dribbling after voiding and dysuria Diminished force and caliber of stream A client suspected of a renal disorder is scheduled for an imaging procedure. The nurse instructs the client to drink lots of fluids after the procedure and informs that a contrast dye will be administered before the procedure. Which imaging procedure is the client undergoing? Renal scan Electromyography Computed tomography Kidney ultrasonography What does the nurse find in the laboratory report of a client who is suspected of having a urinary disorder and is on steroid therapy? Increased red blood cells count Increased sodium count Increased serum creatinine levels Increased blood urea nitrogen levels A client with mumps reports pain, inflammation, and swelling of the testes. Which condition does the nurse suspect in the client? Orchitis Salpingitis Ductal ectasia FibroadenomaA client is scheduled for a transurethral resection of the prostate. What should the nurse tell the client to expect after surgery? "Urinary control may be permanently lost to some degree." "An indwelling urinary catheter is required for at least a day." "Your ability to perform sexually will be impaired permanently." "Burning on urination will last while the cystostomy tube is in place." The nurse assesses the vaginal pH of four clients in the obstetrics unit. Which client has normal pH? Client A with pH of 4.2 Client B with pH of 6.8 Client C with pH of 7.5 Client D with pH of 9.3 A nursing student assesses a client with abdominal pain. Which action performed by the nursing student needs correction? Assessing the factors that worsen the pain Asking the client about his or her sleeping patterns Assessing the client for tenderness and dimpling Asking the client about the time and type of pain Before a transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP), a client asks about what to expect postoperatively. Which response by the nurse is mostappropriate? "Your urine will be pink and free of clots." "You will have an abdominal incision and a dressing." "There will be an incision between your scrotum and rectum." "There will be an indwelling urinary catheter and a continuous bladder irrigation in place." A nurse is caring for a client who had a kidney transplant. Which test is most important for the nurse to monitor to determine whether a client’s newly transplanted kidney is working effectively? Renal scan Serum creatinine 24-hour urine output White blood cell (WBC) count After a prostatectomy the client reports that the urinary catheter tubing is pulling too tightly on the leg. The nurse observes that the indwelling catheter tubing is taut and is taped properly to the thigh. Which action should the nurse take? Explain that the traction helps control bleeding. Adjust tension on the catheter to relieve pressure. Untape the catheter and retape it closer to the urinary meatus.Assess the degree of tension on the catheter and contact the primary healthcare provider. A client with acute kidney injury is to receive peritoneal dialysis and asks why the procedure is necessary. Which is the nurse’s best response? “It prevents the development of serious heart problems.” “It helps perform some of the work usually done by the kidneys.” It will keep your kidneys from getting worse and may ‘restart’ your kidneys to perform better than before.” “It speeds recovery because the kidneys are not responding to regulating hormones.” A client with cancer of the prostate requests the urinal at frequent intervals but either does not void or voids in very small amounts. Which does the nurse conclude is most likely the causative factor? Edema Dysuria Retention Suppression A 75-year-old male with a history of cancer of the prostate is admitted for a prostatectomy. The client’s prostate specific antigen (PSA) levels have been increasing. This finding should prompt the nurse to include what in the client’s plan of care? Measure intake and output. Institute seizure precautions. Monitor the plasma pH for acidosis. Handle the client gently when turning. What is the primary purpose of conducting a cystoscopy in a client with decreased and difficult urination? To ascertain the size of the kidneys To ascertain the protein content in urine To ascertain the presence of urethral wall abnormality To ascertain the total amount of catecholamines excreted The client’s serum sodium is 123 mEq/L (123 mmol/L). Which prescription should the nurse question? Provide pretzels as a snack daily. Restrict fluid intake to 1000 mL per day. Assess neurologic status every 2 hours. Administer intravenous fluid of one-half normal saline (NS) at 125 mL/hr. A client who just had a transurethral resection of the prostate reports pain in the operative area. What should the nurse do first?Administer the prescribed analgesic. Inspect the drainage tubing for occlusion. Encourage intake of fluids to dilute urine. Assess vital signs before administering an analgesic. The nurse is performing bedside sonography for a female client who underwent a hysterectomy. Which nursing intervention needs correction? Using the female icon on the bladder scanner Placing an ultrasound gel pad right above the pubic bone Pointing the scan head so the ultrasound is projected towards the client’s coccyx Placing the midline of the probe over the abdomen about 1.5 inches (3.8 cm) above the pubic bone The nurse prepares a client for a Papanicolaou test (Pap test). What should the nurse instruct the client before conducting the test? Empty the bladder Douche the vagina with soap Avoid scheduling a Pap test to be performed during menses Avoid sexual intercourse for at least 24 hours before the test The nurse is assisting a primary healthcare practitioner to perform an examination of the reproductive tract of a female client. Which nursing action is beneficial for the client? Providing judgmental support to the client Placing the client to move her hands away from the body Asking the client to remove her drape while undergoing the test Asking the client to empty the bladder before the examination A client is at high risk for developing ascites because of cirrhosis of the liver. How should the nurse assess for the presence of ascites? Observe the client for signs of respiratory distress. Percuss the client’s abdomen and listen for dull sounds. Palpate the lower extremities over the tibia and observe for edema. Listen for decreased or absent bowel sounds while auscultating the abdomen. Which instruction would be most beneficial for an aging African-American client with hypertension? "Check the pulse daily." "Have an annual urinalysis." "Record blood pressure weekly." "Visit an ophthalmologist monthly." A client has a permanent colostomy. During the first 24 hours there is no drainage from the colostomy. How should the nurse interpret this finding?Edema after the surgery is causing this. Absence of intestinal peristalsis is causing this. Decrease in fluid intake before surgery is causing this. Effective functioning of the nasogastric tube is causing this. A nurse is caring for a client with continuous bladder irrigation. Which action should the nurse take? Monitor urinary specific gravity to determine hydration. Subtract irrigant from output to determine urine volume. Record urinary output every hour to determine kidney function. Obtain a 24-hour urine specimen to determine urine concentration. While reviewing the urinalysis reports of an elderly client, the nurse finds white blood cells (WBCs) in the urine. Which condition might the client have? Pyelonephritis Kidney trauma Kidney infection Acute tubular necrosis A client is to have hemodialysis. What must the nurse do before this treatment? Obtain a urine specimen to evaluate kidney function. Weigh the client to establish a baseline for later comparison. Administer medications that are scheduled to be given within the next hour. Explain that the peritoneum serves as a semipermeable membrane to remove wastes. The nurse is providing home-going instructions to a female client following a cervical biopsy. Which statement indicates the client understands the instructions? "I can use tampons when bleeding heavily." "I should use antiseptic solutions to clean the perineal region." "I can resume housework tomorrow morning." "I should douche before having intercourse." A client is scheduled for a transurethral resection of the prostate. What should the nurse tell the client to expect after surgery? "Urinary control may be permanently lost to some degree." "An indwelling urinary catheter is required for at least a day." "Your ability to perform sexually will be impaired permanently." "Burning on urination will last while the cystostomy tube is in place A nurse is assessing a client with a diagnosis of kidney failure for clinical indicators of metabolic acidosis. What should the nurse conclude is the reason metabolic acidosis develops with kidney failure?Inability of the renal tubules to secrete hydrogen ions and conserve bicarbonate Depressed respiratory rate due to metabolic wastes, causing carbon dioxide retention Inability of the renal tubules to reabsorb water to dilute the acid contents of blood Impaired glomerular filtration, causing retention of sodium and metabolic waste products A client is treated with a radium implant for cancer of the cervix. Which information is important for the nurse to teach the client when giving discharge instructions? "Limit daily fluid intake." "Return for follow-up care." "Continue a low-residue diet." "Take daily mineral supplements." A nurse teaches a client with chronic renal failure that salt substitutes cannot be used in the diet. What is the rationale for the nurse’s instruction? A person’s body tends to retain fluid when a salt substitute is included in the diet. Limiting salt substitutes in the diet prevents a buildup of waste products in the blood. Salt substitutes contain potassium, which must be limited to prevent abnormal heartbeats. A substance in the salt substitute interferes with the transfer of fluid across capillary membranes, resulting in anasarca. A nurse is caring for a male client who is scheduled for a dilation of the urethra. Which structure surrounding the male urethra should the nurse include in a teaching program when explaining the procedure? Epididymis Prostate gland Seminal vesicle Bulbourethral gland A client has undergone surgery with general anesthesia. Within how many hours after surgery should the nurse notify the primary healthcare provider if the client does not void? 4 hours 8 hours 10 hours 12 hours A nurse is caring for a client who had a nephrectomy because of cancer of the kidney. Which factor will influence the client’s ability to deep breathe and cough postoperatively? Location of the surgical incision Increased anxiety about the prognosisInflammatory process associated with surgery Pulmonary congestion from preoperative medications A client is experiencing kidney failure. Which is the most serious complication for which the nurse must monitor a client with kidney failure? Anemia Weight loss Uremic frost Hyperkalemia A client has undergone pelvic surgery and the nurse removes the catheter in a week according to instructions. In the follow up within several hours, which finding in the client indicates a need for reinsertion of catheter? Anuria Polyuria Retention Incontinence While reviewing the result of an intravenous pyelogram, the nurse discovers that the client has a shortened urethra. The client also complains of urinary incontinence. Which nursing intervention is beneficial for the client? Providing thorough perineal care after each voiding Encouraging the client to use the toilet or bedpan every 2 hours Responding quickly to the client’s indication of the need to void Providing privacy, assistance, and voiding stimulants over the perineum The nurse is teaching self-management techniques to a client newly diagnosed with polycystic kidney disease. Which statement of the client indicates a need for further teaching? "I should monitor my bowel movements." "I should weigh myself once a week." "I should record my blood pressure daily." "I should notify my healthcare provider if I have fever." Which condition should be reported immediately to the primary healthcare provider? Pelvic pain immediately after colposcopy Light vaginal bleeding for 1 to 2 days following a hysterosalpingogram Rectal bleeding for 2 days after prostate biopsy Body temperature of 102° F with vaginal discharge 48 hours after cervical biopsy Which laboratory finding is suggestive of mild kidney disease in male clients? Serum creatinine - 0.9 mg/dLUrinary albumin - 24 mg/mmol Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) - 18 mg/dL Blood urea nitrogen (BUN)/creatinine ratio - 23 A client with an ileal conduit is being prepared for discharge. As part of the discharge teaching, which instruction should the nurse include? "Maintain fluid intake of at least 2 L daily." "Abstain from beer and alcohol consumption." "Avoid getting soap and water on the peristomal skin." "Notify the primary healthcare provider if the stoma size decreases." A client with cancer of the bladder is admitted to the hospital for diagnostic tests to determine the extent of the disease. While the nurse is caring for the client, the client asks, "If they remove my bladder, how will I be able to urinate?" Which is the best response by the nurse? "Dialysis is a likely option.” "You can still function normally without a bladder." "The tests will help to determine whether your bladder has to be removed." "A urostomy is a surgical opening that can be created to allow urine to empty into a collection bag." A client is diagnosed with pheochromocytoma. Which finding in the urinalysis report supports the diagnosis? Sodium - 200 mmol/24 hr Calcium - 5.6 mmol/24 hr Urea nitrogen - 0.5 mmol/24 hr Total catecholamines - 640 mmol/24 hr A client scheduled for a transurethral prostatectomy expresses concern about the effect the surgery will have on sexual ability. Which information should the nurse share with the client? May experience retrograde ejaculations May have a diminished sex drive Will have prolonged erections Will be impotent While assessing the reproductive health of an older adult female, a nurse finds that the client has an age-related finding. Which finding in the client supports the nurse’s conclusion? Breast dimpling Painful intercourse Decreased amount of pubic hair Green discharge from the vulvaThe laboratory values of a client with renal calculi reveal a serum calcium within expected limits and an elevated serum purine. How should the nurse interpret these findings about the stone’s composition? It contains cystine. It contains uric acid. It contains calcium oxalate. It contains magnesium ammonium phosphate. A nurse is caring for a client with end-stage kidney disease after a kidney transplant. Which finding indicates the transplant is successful? Increased specific gravity Correction of hypotension Elevated serum potassium Decreasing serum creatinine A nurse is caring for a client during the early postoperative period after a prostatectomy. Which action is the priority? Have the client stand to void. Discourage straining for a bowel movement. Use a bulb syringe to aspirate urine from the retention catheter. Notify the primary healthcare provider if the client does not void by bedtime. After a transurethral prostatectomy, a client returns to the postanesthesia care unit with a threeway indwelling catheter with continuous bladder irrigation. Which nursing action is the priority? Observing the suprapubic dressing for drainage Maintaining the client in the semi-Fowler position Monitoring for bright red blood in the drainage bag Encouraging fluids by mouth as soon as the gag reflex returns A nurse instructs a client with a history of frequent urinary tract infections to drink cranberry juice. Which goal is the nurse trying to achieve with this suggestion? Exert a bactericidal effect against the bacteria Prevent bacterial attachment to the bladder wall Improve glomerular filtration rate Relieve the symptoms of dysuria