ATI Pharmacology Made Easy 4.0
Infection
A health care professional is caring for a patient who is about to begin taking metronidazole
(Flagyl) to treat an anaerobic intra-abdominal bacterial infection. The health care professional
should recognize that cautious use of the drug is indicated if the patient also has which of the
following?
a. seizure disorder
b. hearing loss
c. asthma
d. anemia - Seizure disorder.
Rationale: Metronidazole, an antiparasitic drug, can cause ataxia, vertigo, and seizures. It
requires cautious use with clients who have a history of seizure activity, liver or renal failure, or
heart failure.
- Hearing loss: vancomycin
- Asthma: amoxicillin
- Anemia: Amphotericin B
A health care professional is caring for a patient who is about to begin taking nitrofurantoin
(Macrodantin) to treat a urinary tract infection. The health care professional should tell the
patient to report which of the following adverse effects of the drug?
A. Constipation
B. Dark brown urine
C. Cough
D. Tremors - Cough.
, Rationale: Nitrofurantoin, a urinary tract antiseptic, can cause cough, shortness of breath, chest
pain, and fever. These adverse effects can indicate an acute allergic reaction and require
immediate discontinuation of drug therapy.
- Can also cause diarrhea and peripheral neuropathy.
- Dark colored urine is harmless effect.
A nurse in a provider's office receives a call from a client who has been taking penicillin V 3x
daily and reports abdominal cramping w/bloody diarrhea for several days. Which of the
following instructions should the nurse give the client? - "Bring in a stool sample for testing."
- The nurse cannot make changes to client's prescription, the client should not self-treat
diarrhea, and blood work is not indicated for these symptoms.
A nurse in a provider's office receives a call from a client who is taking ciprofloxacin to treat a
respiratory tract infection and reports dyspepsia. Which of the following instructions should the
nurse give the client? - Take an antacid at least 2 hr after taking the drug.
Rationale: The nurse should recommend that the client take an antacid to relieve the dyspepsia
at least 2 hr after taking ciprofloxacin, a fluoroquinolone. This is because antacids decrease the
absorption of the drug.
- Avoid caffeine b/c it can increase CNS effects.
- Avoid taking supplemental iron b/c iron dec absorption of drug.
- Avoid taking drug w/milk or other dairy products b/c calcium decreases absorption.
A nurse in a provider's office receives a call from a client who was recently hospitalized and
treated with imipenem IV for a bacterial infection and reports an inability to eat due to mouth
pain. The nurse should identify that the client might be experiencing which of the following as
an adverse effect of this drug? - Superinfection.
Infection
A health care professional is caring for a patient who is about to begin taking metronidazole
(Flagyl) to treat an anaerobic intra-abdominal bacterial infection. The health care professional
should recognize that cautious use of the drug is indicated if the patient also has which of the
following?
a. seizure disorder
b. hearing loss
c. asthma
d. anemia - Seizure disorder.
Rationale: Metronidazole, an antiparasitic drug, can cause ataxia, vertigo, and seizures. It
requires cautious use with clients who have a history of seizure activity, liver or renal failure, or
heart failure.
- Hearing loss: vancomycin
- Asthma: amoxicillin
- Anemia: Amphotericin B
A health care professional is caring for a patient who is about to begin taking nitrofurantoin
(Macrodantin) to treat a urinary tract infection. The health care professional should tell the
patient to report which of the following adverse effects of the drug?
A. Constipation
B. Dark brown urine
C. Cough
D. Tremors - Cough.
, Rationale: Nitrofurantoin, a urinary tract antiseptic, can cause cough, shortness of breath, chest
pain, and fever. These adverse effects can indicate an acute allergic reaction and require
immediate discontinuation of drug therapy.
- Can also cause diarrhea and peripheral neuropathy.
- Dark colored urine is harmless effect.
A nurse in a provider's office receives a call from a client who has been taking penicillin V 3x
daily and reports abdominal cramping w/bloody diarrhea for several days. Which of the
following instructions should the nurse give the client? - "Bring in a stool sample for testing."
- The nurse cannot make changes to client's prescription, the client should not self-treat
diarrhea, and blood work is not indicated for these symptoms.
A nurse in a provider's office receives a call from a client who is taking ciprofloxacin to treat a
respiratory tract infection and reports dyspepsia. Which of the following instructions should the
nurse give the client? - Take an antacid at least 2 hr after taking the drug.
Rationale: The nurse should recommend that the client take an antacid to relieve the dyspepsia
at least 2 hr after taking ciprofloxacin, a fluoroquinolone. This is because antacids decrease the
absorption of the drug.
- Avoid caffeine b/c it can increase CNS effects.
- Avoid taking supplemental iron b/c iron dec absorption of drug.
- Avoid taking drug w/milk or other dairy products b/c calcium decreases absorption.
A nurse in a provider's office receives a call from a client who was recently hospitalized and
treated with imipenem IV for a bacterial infection and reports an inability to eat due to mouth
pain. The nurse should identify that the client might be experiencing which of the following as
an adverse effect of this drug? - Superinfection.
