1. The nurse reviews the record of a child who is suspected to have glomerulonephritis and expects to note which finding that is associated with this diagnosis?

1. The nurse reviews the record of a child who is suspected to have glomerulonephritis and expects to note which finding that is associated with this diagnosis? 1. Hypotension 2. Brown­colored urine 3. Low urinary specific gravity 4. Low blood urea nitrogen level 2. Brown­colored urine 2. The nurse performing an admission assessment on a 2­year­old child who has been diagnosed with nephrotic syndrome notes that which most common characteristic is associated with this syndrome? 1. Hypertension 2. Generalized edema 3. Increased urinary output 4. Frank, bright red blood in the urine 2. Generalized edema 3. The nurse is planning care for a child with hemolytic­uremic syndrome who has been anuric and will be receiving peritoneal dialysis treatment. The nurse should plan to implement which measure? 1. Restrict fluids as prescribed. 2. Care for the arteriovenous fistula. 3. Encourage foods high in potassium. 4. Administer analgesics as prescribed. 1. Restrict fluids as prescribed. 4. A 7­year­old child is seen in a clinic, and the primary health care provider documents a diagnosis of primary nocturnal enuresis. The nurse should provide which information to the parents? 1. Primary nocturnal enuresis does not respond to treatment. 2. Primary nocturnal enuresis is caused by a psychiatric problem. 3. Primary nocturnal enuresis requires surgical intervention to improve the problem. 4. Most children outgrow the bed­wetting problem without therapeutic intervention. 4. Most children outgrow the bed­wetting problem without therapeutic intervention. 5. The nurse provided discharge instructions to the parents of a 2­year­old child who had an orchiopexy to correct cryptorchidism. Which statement by the parents indicate that further teaching is necessary? 1. "I'll check his temperature." 2. "I'll give him medication so he'll be comfortable." 3. "I'll check his voiding to be sure there's no problem." 4. "I'll let him decide when to return to his play activities." 4. "I'll let him decide when to return to his play activities." 6. The nurse is reviewing a treatment plan with the parents of a newborn with hypospadias. Which statement by the parents indicates their understanding of the plan? 1. "Caution should be used when straddling the infant on a hip." 2. "Vital signs should be taken daily to check for bladder infection." 3. "Catheterization will be necessary when the infant does not void." 4. "Circumcision has been delayed to save tissue for surgical repair." 4. "Circumcision has been delayed to save tissue for surgical repair." 7. The nurse is caring for an infant with a diagnosis of bladder exstrophy. To protect the exposed bladder tissue, the nurse should plan which intervention? 1. Cover the bladder with petroleum jelly gauze. 2. Cover the bladder with a nonadhering plastic wrap. 3. Apply sterile distilled water dressings over the bladder mucosa. 4. Keep the bladder tissue dry by covering it with dry sterile gauze. 2. Cover the bladder with a nonadhering plastic wrap. 8. The nurse understands that which information collected during the assessment of a child recently diagnosed with glomerulonephritis is most often associated with the diagnosis? 1. Child fell off a bike onto the handlebars 2. Nausea and vomiting for the last 24 hours 3. Urticaria and itching for 1 week before diagnosis 4. Streptococcal throat infection 2 weeks before diagnosis 4. Streptococcal throat infection 2 weeks before diagnosis 9. The nurse collects a urine specimen preoperatively from a child with epispadias who is scheduled for surgical repair. When analyzing the results of the urinalysis, which should the nurse most likely expect to note? 1. Hematuria 2. Proteinuria 3. Bacteriuria 4. Glucosuria 3. Bacteriuria 10. The nurse is performing an assessment on a child admitted to the hospital with a probable diagnosis of nephrotic syndrome. Which assessment findings should the nurse expect to observe? Select all that apply. 1. Pallor 2. Edema 3. Anorexia 4. Proteinuria 5. Weight loss 6. Decreased serum lipids o 1. Pallor o 2. Edema o 3. Anorexia o 4. Proteinuria 11. The nurse is developing a plan of care for a 6­year­old child diagnosed with acute glomerulonephritis. The nurse should include which priority intervention in the plan of care? 1. Encourage limited activity and provide safety measures. 2. Catheterize the child to monitor intake and output strictly. 3. Encourage the child to talk about feelings related to illness. 4. Encourage classmates to visit and to keep the child informed of school events. 1. Encourage limited activity and provide safety measures. 12. Which is a priority problem for a child with severe edema caused from nephrotic syndrome? 1. Risk for constipation 2. Risk for skin breakdown 3. Inability to regulate body temperature 4. Consumption of more calories or nutrients than the body requires 2. Risk for skin breakdown 13. After performing an assessment of an infant with bladder exstrophy, a nurse prepares a plan of care. The nurse identifies which problem as the priority for the infant? 1. Urinary incontinence 2. Impaired tissue integrity 3. Inability to suck and swallow 4. Lack of knowledge about the disease (parents) 2. Impaired tissue integrity 14. The nurse is caring for an infant with cryptorchidism. The nurse anticipates that the most likely diagnostic study to be prescribed would be the one that assesses which item? 1. Babinski reflex 2. DNA synthesis 3. Urinary function 4. Chromosomal analysis 3. Urinary function 15. The nurse is caring for a 7­year­old child with glomerulonephritis and is preparing to discuss the plan of care with the parents. In anticipating this encounter, the nurse recognizes that which is a common reaction of parents to the diagnosis of glomerulonephritis? 1. Fear of the complicated treatment regimen 2. Anger at the child for requiring hospitalization 3. Guilt that they did not seek treatment more quickly 4. Depression that the child may not be able to play sports 3. Guilt that they did not seek treatment more quickly 16. An 18­month­old child is being discharged after surgical repair of hypospadias. Which postoperative nursing care measure should the nurse stress to the parents as they prepare to take their child home? 1. Leave the diapers off to allow the site to heal. 2. Avoid tub baths until the stent has been removed. 3. Encourage toilet training to ensure that flow of urine is normal. 4. Restrict fluid intake to reduce urinary output for the first few days. 2. Avoid tub baths until the stent has been removed. 17. The parents of a newborn have been told that their child was born with bladder exstrophy, and the parents ask the nurse about this condition. The nurse provides an accurate response based on what information? 1. A hereditary disorder that occurs in every other generation 2. Caused by the use of medications taken by the mother during pregnancy 3. A condition in which the urinary bladder is abnormally located in the pelvic cavity 4. An extrusion of the urinary bladder to the outside of the body through a defect in the lower abdominal wall 4. An extrusion of the urinary bladder to the outside of the body through a defect in the lower abdominal wall 18. The nurse recognizes that clinical manifestations of nephrotic syndrome include which findings? 1. Hematuria, bacteriuria, weight gain 2. Gross hematuria, albuminuria, fever 3. Hypertension, weight loss, proteinuria 4. Massive proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, edema 4. Massive proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, edema 19. A 4­year­old child with acute glomerulonephritis is admitted to the hospital. The nurse identifies which client problem in the plan of care as the priority? 1. Infection related to hypertension 2. Injury related to loss of blood in urine 3. Excessive fluid volume related to decreased plasma filtration 4. Retarded growth and development related to a chronic disease 3. Excessive fluid volume related to decreased plasma filtration 20. The nurse is reviewing the health care provider's prescriptions for a child hospitalized with nephrotic syndrome. Which dietary prescription should the nurse expect to be prescribed for the child? 1. A high­protein, high­salt diet 2. A full liquid diet for 1 month 3. A low­fat, high carbohydrate diet 4. A normal protein, mild sodium diet 4. A normal protein, mild sodium diet 21. A nursing student caring for a 6­month­old infant is asked to collect a sample for urinalysis from the infant. How should the student collect the specimen? 1. Catheterizing the infant using the smallest available Foley catheter 2. Attaching a urinary collection device to the infant's perineum for collection 3. Obtaining the specimen from the diaper by squeezing the diaper after the infant voids 4. Noting the time of the next expected voiding and then preparing a specimen cup for the urine