2022/2023 NURS 6521N Midterm Exam – Advanced Pharmacology (101 Q&A) (Latest Questions Included)

NURS 6521N Midterm Exam – Advanced Pharmacology (101 Q&A) (Latest Questions Included) • Question 1 1 out of 1 points The anticoagulant drug that acts as a vitamin K antagonist is: Selected Answer: coumadin • Question 2 1 out of 1 points What is a serious side effect of ibuprofen in the older adult patient? Selected Answer: Impairment of renal function • Question 3 1 out of 1 points A Nurse Practitioner is conducting an assessment of a patient who has recently had several changes made to her drug regimen. What assessment question most directly addresses the safety implications of the patient's drug regimen? Selected Answer: "Do you take any herbal supplements or alternative medications?" • Question 4 1 out of 1 points Which can elevate theophylline levels? Selected Answer: Concomitant treatment with cimetidine (Tagamet).. • Question 5 1 out of 1 points Which of the following can block the action of heparin? Selected Answer: Protamine sulfate • Question 6 1 out of 1 points A possible side effect from the use of nifedipine (Procardia XL) is: Selected Answer: Edema of the ankles and headaches • Question 7 0 out of 1 points Which of the following is a potential adverse side effect of autonomic-anticholinergic agents? Selected Answer: Reduced GI motility • Question 8 1 out of 1 points Typical adverse reactions to oral calcium-channel blockers include: Selected Answer: edema • Question 9 1 out of 1 points What drug class will decrease the facial flushing that occurs with niacin? Selected Answer: NSAIDS • Question 10 1 out of 1 points When prescribing an antihypertensive medication for a type 2 diabetic patient, the drug classifications that would tend to reduce insulin sensitivity are: Selected Answer: Diuretics and beta blockers. • Question 11 1 out of 1 points How does cholestyramine lowers blood cholesterol? Selected Answer: Sequestering bile salts and thus decreasing absorption and increasing catabolism • Question 12 1 out of 1 points A patient has been started on a treatment regimen that includes levothyroxine. Select the dosage regimen that is most appropriate for a mean replacement dosage. The patient has been started on a treatment regimen that includes levothyroxine. Select the dosage regimen that is most appropriate for a mean replacement dosage. Selected Answer: 1.7 mcg/kg of body weight per day • Question 13 1 out of 1 points A Nurse Practitioner is providing care for a patient who suffered extensive burns to his extremities during a recent industrial accident. Topical lidocaine gel has been ordered to be applied to the surfaces of all his burns in order to achieve adequate pain control. When considering this order, the Nurse Practitioner should be aware that Selected Answer: there is a risk of systemic absorption of the lidocaine through the patient's traumatized skin • Question 14 1 out of 1 points During a clinic visit, a patient complains of having frequent muscle cramps in her legs. The nurse's assessment reveals that the patient has been taking over-the-counter laxatives for the past 7 years. The nurse informed the patient that prolonged use of laxatives Selected Answer: may cause nutrient deficiencies. • Question 15 1 out of 1 points Advanced practice nurse prescribing of scheduled medications is affected most by: Selected Answer: Individual states laws regarding scheduled medications that can be prescribed and for how long • Question 16 1 out of 1 points You decide to start your pt, Ms. Rodrigues, on spironolactone (Aldactone) 50 mg PO daily. As the NP, you will instruct the patient to call the clinic if which symptoms are experienced? Selected Answer: Muscle twitching, numbness, tingling, burning sensations of the limbs, and diarrhea. • Question 17 0 out of 1 points The APRN's ability to prescribe controlled substances is regulated by: Selected Answers: NOT - All of the above OR DEA • Question 18 1 out of 1 points A patient with type 1 diabetes has been admitted to the hospital for orthopedic surgery and the care team anticipates some disruptions to the patient's blood glucose levels in the days following surgery. Which of the following insulin regimens is most likely to achieve adequate glycemic control? Selected Answer: Doses of basal insulin twice daily with regular insulin before each meal • Question 19 0 out of 1 points Which of the following serves to protect the public by ensuring the purity of a drug and its contents? Selected Answer: American Pharmaceutical Association • Question 20 1 out of 1 points Susie is a 40 year old female with Type 2 Diabetes. She reports that over the last several days, she has been having some hypoglycemic episodes and feels it is related to medication. Her medication list is as follows: Victoza (liraglutide) 1.8 mg SC daily Metformin 500mg p.o. Twice a Day Glyburide 5 mg p.o. Twice a day Lisinopril 10mg p.o. daily Which medication most likely is contributing to her hypoglycemic episodes Selected Answer: Glyburide • Question 21 0 out of 1 points A 65-year-old male presents with a history of worsening urinary urgency, frequency, and hesitancy. He also tells you that he has to "push really hard" to urinate and that his urine dribbles a little after he is done urinating. What medication should be avoided Selected Answer: NOT – paroxetine OR omeprazole • Question 22 1 out of 1 points The side effects of antihistamines are mostly due to their: Selected Answer: Anticholinergic effects • Question 23 1 out of 1 points A Nurse Practitioner is caring for a 73-year-old man who is receiving drug therapy. He is beginning to exhibit signs of decline in his renal system, yet his current serum creatinine level is normal. The Nurse Practitioner will base the patient's plan of care on the understanding that there is Selected Answer: a decrease in the amount of creatinine to be filtered. • Question 24 1 out of 1 points A 66-year-old woman has a complex medical history that includes poorly-controlled type 1 diabetes, renal failure as a result of diabetic nephropathy and chronic heart failure (CHF). Her care provider has recently added spironolactone (Aldactone) to the woman's medication regimen. The nurse should consequently assess for signs and symptoms of Selected Answer: hyperkalemia. • Question 25 1 out of 1 points Autonomic drugs have little effect when administered: Selected Answer: orally • Question 26 0 out of 1 points A male patient who is hypertensive takes Hydrochlorothiazide for his blood pressure . He presents with red, painful swelling of the great toe. In addition to treating gout, you recognize that you may need to: Selected Answer: Change his thiazide antihypertensive medication • Question 27 1 out of 1 points A 39 y/o female is diagnosed with Graves disease. She also has a small goiter =. Her symptoms are not deemed to be severe and propylthiouracil is prescribed. Whare is the most serious potential adverse effect of this medication? Selected Answer: Agranulocytosis • Question 28 0 out of 1 points An adult male comes to the clinic with complaints that he is experiencing increased difficulty breathing over the past few days. He has a history of asthma and coronary artery disease. He was recently diagnosed with hypertension. Examination reveals no jugular vein distention and no productive cough. Breath sounds are present, but expiratory wheezes are noted bilaterally, and he denies any chest pain. His vital signs are pulse of 74 beats/min, respirations of 32 breaths/min, and BP of 160/100 mm Hg. His current medications are albuterol (Proventil) inhaler 2 puffs every 4 hours prn for wheezing, nitroglycerin transdermal patch, and propranolol (Inderal) 60 mg PO bid. What is the best treatment for this patient? Selected Answer: Begin theophylline (Theo-24; methylxanthine) 200 mg q12h PO. • Question 29 1 out of 1 points The NP is examining a 34-year-old obese man with a body mass index (BMI) of 35 who complains of almost daily indigestion and heartburn for the past year with a strong acid taste in the mouth about an hour after meals, and frequent belching and awakening at night with choking. The history is negative for chronic illnesses and alarm symptoms. A diagnosis of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is made. What is the best initial treatment for the patient? Selected Answer: Omeprazole (Prilosec) 20 mg every morning 30 minutes before breakfast. • Question 30 1 out of 1 points Which effect does the Nurse Practitioner expect may occur when using cholinergic agonists? Selected Answer: increased bladder tone • Question 31 1 out of 1 points A physician has ordered subcutaneous injections of morphine, a narcotic, every 4 hours as needed for pain for a motor vehicle accident victim. The nurse is aware that there is a high abuse potential for this drug and that it is categorized as a Selected Answer: C-II drug. • Question 32 1 out of 1 points Which of the following is a contraindication for antimuscarinic drugs? Selected Answer: pyloric stenosis • Question 33 0 out of 1 points A patient has a history of tonic-clonic seizures that have been successfully treated with phenytoin (Dilantin) for several years. Phenytoin achieves a therapeutic effect by Selected Answer: [None Given] • Question 34 1 out of 1 points Metformin (Glucophage) acts by: Selected Answer: Decreasing hepatic glucose production with minor effects on insulin sensitivity in both liver and peripheral tissues • Question 35 1 out of 1 points Acetazolamide is categorized as which of the following? Selected Answer: Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor • Question 36 1 out of 1 points The recommended range for maintaining serum theophylline levels is: Selected Answer: 10 to 20 μg/mL. • Question 37 1 out of 1 points What information would the Nurse Practitioner include in teaching a patient about the treatment of vitamin B12 deficiency following a total gastrectomy? Selected Answer: The patient will receive monthly cyanocobalamin (vitamin B12) injections for life (after being given daily weekly injections for the first month).