Nurs 6531 Final Exam Questions and Answers Latest updated 2022/2023,100% CORRECT

Nurs 6531 Final Exam Questions and Answers Latest updated 2022/2023 Question 2 In the outpatient office setting, the most common reason for a malpractice suit is failure to: Properly refer Diagnose correctly in a timely fashion Obtain informed consent Manage fractures and trauma correctly Question 3 Reed-Sternberg B lymphocytes are associated with which of the following disorders: Aplastic anemia Hodgkin’s lymphoma Non Hodgkin’s lymphoma Myelodysplastic syndromes Question 4 The initial clinical sign of Dupuytren’s contracture is: Pain with ulnar deviation Painless nodule on palmer fascia Pain and numbness in the ring finger Inability to passively extend finger Question 5 Musculoskeletal pain Difficulty sleeping Depression Fatigue Question 6 Decrease the evening insulin dose and check capillary blood glucose (CBG) at 2:00 am. Instruct the child’s parents on physical activities to help weight loss. Increase the evening insulin dose and check CBG at 2:00 am. Refer the child for instruction on a strict diabetic diet. Question 7 The 4 classic features of Parkinson’s disease are: Mask-like facies, dysarthria, excessive salivation, and dementia. Tremor at rest, rigidity, bradykinesia, and postural disturbances. Depression, cognitive impairment, constipation and shuffling gait. Tremor with movement, cogwheeling, repetitive movement, and multi- system atrophy. Question 8 You must initiate the plan of care for the patient The physician must be on-site and engaged in patient care You must be employed as an independent contractor You must be the main health care provider who sees the patient Question 9 The cornerstone of treatment for stress fracture of the femur or metatarsal stress fracture is: Rest from activities which may further stress the bone. Daily passive range of motion exercises. Continuation of the patient’s routine physical activities. Application of ice after activity. Question 10 Trimethoprim- sulfamethoxazole Erythromycin Cefuroxime Levofloxacin Question 11 Which is the most common cause of end-stage renal disease in the United States? Diabetic nephropathy Chronic renal failure secondary to vascular disorders Acute tubular necrosis Kidney trauma Question 12 A typical description of a tension headache is: Periorbital pain, sudden onset, often explosive in quality, and associated with nasal stuffiness, lacrimation, red eye, and nausea. Bilateral, occipital, or frontal tightness or fullness, with waves of aching pain. Hemicranial pain that is accompanied by vomiting and photophobia. Steadily worsening pain that interrupts sleep, is exacerbated by orthostatic changes, and may be preceded by nausea and vomiting. Question 13 A patient taking levothyroxine is being over-replaced. What condition is he at risk for? Osteoporo sis Constipati on Depression Exopthalmi a Question 14 Which of the following medications increase the risk for metabolic syndrome? Antihistamines Proton pump inhibitors Protease inhibitors A and C All of the above Question 15 Lateral meniscus Cruciate ligament Medical meniscus Collateral ligament Question 16 Gout Epicondyliti s Osteoarthri tis Lyme disease Question 17 The organism most often associated with prostatitis is: Klebsiella Neiserria gonorrhoaes Chlamydia trachomatis E.Coli Question 18 Prescribe systemic antibiotics Prescribe antibiotic ear drops Prescribe nasal steroids and oral decongestants Refer him to an ear, nose, and throat specialist Question 19 Depression Panic disorder Anxiety Post-traumatic stress disorder Question 20 What diabetic complications result from hyperglycemia? 1, 2, 3 2, 3, 4 1, 3, 4 1, 2, 4 Question 21 Prolonged PT suggests: Platelet abnormality Abnormality in intrinsic coagulation pathway Abnormality in extrinsic coagulation pathway None of the above Question 22 Patient report of bladder dysfunction, saddle anesthesia, and motor weakness of limbs. History of significant trauma relative to the patient’s age. Decreased reflexes, strength, and sensation in the lower extremities. Patient report of pain with the crossed straight leg raise. Question 23 Underweigh t Normal weight Overweight Obese Question 24 “Caffeine has not effect on osteoporosis.” “A high caffeine intake has a diuretic effect that may cause calcium to be excreted more rapidly.” “Caffeine affects bone metabolism by altering intestinal absorption of calcium and assimilation of calcium into the bone matrix.” “Caffeine increase bone resorption.” Question 25 Start him on an ACE Inhibitor Start him on a diuretic Have him monitor his blood pressure at home Try nonpharmacological methods and have him monitor his blood pressure at home Question 26 Diagnostic radiological studies are indicated for low back pain: Routinely after 3 weeks of low back pain symptoms. To screen for spondylolithiasis in patients less than 20 years of age with 2 weeks of more of low back pain. When there is a suspicion of a space-occupying lesion, fracture, cauda equina, or infection. As a part of a pre-employment physical when heavy lifting is included in the job description. Question 27 Risk factors for Addison’s disease include which of the following? Tuberculosis Autoimmune disease AIDS All of the above Question 28 Consult with a physician A 14 day course of ciprofloxacin To obtain blood cultures from separate site Obtain urine cultures, CBC, and initiate antibiotic therapy Question 29 Although most of your symptoms will disappear, some will remain but can usually be camouflaged by altering your hairstyle or growing a beard Unfortunately there is no cure but you have a mild case The condition is self-limiting and most likely complete recovery will occur With suppressive drug therapy you can minimize the symptoms Question 30 An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay titer A urea breath test A rapid urease test A repeat endoscopy Question 31 Obtain a thorough history and physical, and check serum cortisol and ACTH levels. Obtain a diet history and check CBC and FBS. Provide nutritional guidance and have the patient return in 1 month. Consult home health for intravenous administration of fluids and electrolytes. Question 32 The most common symptoms of transient ischemic attack (TIA) include: Nausea, vomiting, syncope, incontinence, dizziness, and seizure. Weakness in an extremity, abruptly slurred speech, or partial loss of vision, and sudden gait changes. Headache and visual symptoms such as bright spots or sparkles crossing the visual field. Gradual onset of ataxia, vertigo, generalized weakness, or lightheadedness Question 33 Which patient would benefit most from screening for type 2 diabetes? A 30 year old female with unintended weight loss. A 25 year old male with family history of type 1 diabetes An obese female with recurrent vaginitis A 50 year old hyperlipidemic male Question 34 An obese hyperlipidemic patient, newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus, has fasting glucose values 180 to 250 mg/Dl. What is the most appropriate initial treatment to consider? A low-calorie diet and exercise Sliding-scale NPH insulin every 12 hours An oral hypoglycemic agent Sliding-scale regular insulin every 6 hours Question 35 Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole for 3 days Ciprofloxacin for 7-10 days Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole for 14 days Ciprofloxacin for 3 days Question 36 The most reliable diagnostic indicator of gout is: Monosodium urate (MSU) crystals in the synovial fluid. Tophi visible over joints or in connective tissue. Elevated serum uric acid level. Abrupt onset of single joint inflammation and pain. Question 37 Thiazide diuretic Insulin Famotidine (Pepcid) Albuterol Question 38 HbA1C 2-hour 75 gram oral glucose tolerance test C-peptide level A and B All of the above Question 39 Diagnostic evaluation of hypothyroidism reveals: Elevated TSH and decreased T4 Decreased TSH and increased T4 Decreased TSH and decreased T3 Elevated TSH and increased T4 Question 40 The most effective intervention(s) to prevent stroke is (are): 81 mg of aspirin daily Carotid endarterectomy for patients with high-grade carotid lesions Routine screening for carotid artery stenosis with auscultation for bruits Smoking cessation and treatment of hypertension Question 41 Maintain moderate bed rest for 3-4 days Call the office for narcotics if there is no relief with the NSAID in 24-48 hours Begin lower back strengthening exercises depending on pain tolerance Wear a Boston brace at night Question 42 The cardinal sign of infectious arthritis is: Affected joint is painful at rest, with movement and weight bearing Rapid onset that wakes the patient during the night Long history of severe pain with associated joint swelling None of the above Question 43 MMSE CAGE questionnaire FAQ – Functional Activities Questionnaire Holmes and Rahe social readjustment scale Question 44 Akathisia Dystonia Parkinsonis m Hallucinatio ns Question 45 Urine cultures should be obtained for which of the following patients? Suspected urinary tract infection in pregnancy Febrile patients Young men All of the above Refer for temporal artery biopsy and initiation of oral prednisone. Aspirin or acetaminophen every 4 hours as needed for pain and fever. A daily β-blocker such as propranolol. CT scan of the head and lumbar puncture for CSF evaluation. Question 47 Scoliosis Osteoarthritis Spinal stenosis Herniated nucleus pulposus Question 48 Acute otitis media Chronic otitis media External otitis Tempomandibular joint syndrome Question 49 Which history is commonly found in a patient with glomerulonephritis? Beta-hemolytic strep infection Frequent urinary tract infections Kidney stones Hypotension Question 50 The effectiveness of an oral contraceptive may be reduced. She should use a very low dose estrogen oral contraceptive. She should use another anticonvulsant along with the phenytoin. Bilateral tubal ligation is recommended. Question 51 Which of the following is a contraindication for metformin therapy? Insulin therapy Creatinine 1.5 Edema None of the above Question 52 Microalbuminuria is a measure of: Total urinary protein. Late renal compromise in a diabetic patient. Early glycemic abnormality. Protein lost into the urine. Question 53 A dipstick strip done during routine urinalysis in the office A 24-hour urine collection An early morning spot urine collection A serum albumin test Question 54 Congestive heart failure (CHF) Dyslipidemia Erectile dysfunction (ED) Diabetes mellitus (DM) Question 55 drug fever upper respiratory infection nothing specific, this is a systemic disease manifestation urinary tract infection Question 56 The patient should start anticoagulant therapy immediately. Hereditary thrombophilia does not always require anticoagulation therapy. Women of childbearing age cannot take anticoagulant therapy. Genetic and risk management counseling are recommended. B and D Question 57 In which of the following presentations is further diagnostic testing not warranted? Bilateral gynecomastia in a pre-pubertal male of average weight; Tanner stage 1 Bilateral gynecomastia in a 13 year old male with normal testicular size and volume Recent onset gynecomastia in a 20 year old male with breast tenderness Unilateral breast mass which is 5 centimeters in diameter Question 58 Exercising for at least 30 minutes every day Exercising a total of 2 hours per week Exercising for at least 20 minutes, 3 or more days per week Exercising for at least 30 minutes, 5 days per week Question 59 The most accurate measure of diabetes control is: Avoidance of micro- and macro-vascular complications. Insulin sensitivity. Early morning glucose levels. HgbA1c Question 60 Which of the following statements about multiple sclerosis (MS) is correct? MS is a chronic, untreatable illness that is almost always fatal. MS is a disease of steadily progressive and unrelenting neurologic deterioration. MS is a chronic, treatable illness with unknown cause and a variable course. Patients with MS who take active steps to improve their health have the best cure rate. Question 61 Risk factors for prostate cancer include all of the following except: Family history Benign prostatic hypertrophy African American race Age Question 62 Which of the following symptoms suggests a more serious cause of back pain? Pain associated with coughing or sneezing Pain associated with muscle spasm Pain associated with lying down at night Pain associated with negative straight leg raise Question 63 Potential side effects of levofloxacin include which of the following? Confusion Hypoglycemia Achilles tendon rupture All of the above Question 64 Diagnostic evaluation for urinary calculi includes: Urinalysis and culture Non contrast CT Serum calcium All of the above Question 65 Hypertriglyceridemia and low high-density lipoprotein (HDL) Gestational diabetes and polycystic ovarian syndrome Hispanic, African-American, Native-American, and Pacific Islander ethnicity Postprandial hypoglycemia Question 66 Establishment of a definitive diagnosis of osteomyelitis requires: A known causative injury such as a puncture wound, bite, or decubitus ulcer. Biopsy of culture of the pathogen from blood or bone aspirate. Visualization of purulent material draining into soft tissue. Lucent areas identified on plain x-ray Question 67 Advise the patient to stop the antidepressant medication Question the patient to determine if the self-assessment is correct before advising her to discontinue the medication Recommend that the patient continue the antidepressant medication for at least 4 more months Discuss with the patient the need to take the antidepressant medication indefinitely Question 68 1 week 2 weeks 4 weeks 8 weeks Question 69 Which of the following is the most common complication of the myelodysplastic syndromes? Fatigue Cardiomyopat hy Falls Bleeding Question 70 Prescribe an alpha adrenergic blocker Recommend saw palmetto Prescribe an antibiotic Refer to urology Question 71 What is the most common cause of Cushing’s syndrome? Excessive ACTH production Administration of a glucocorticoid or ACTH Pituitary adenoma or a non-pituitary ACTH- producing tumor Autonomous cortisol production from adrenal tissue Question 72 Arthritis Ulnar neuritis Septic arthritis Olecranon bursitis Question 73 Hypoglycemia is a rare complication. Hypoglycemia requires professional medical treatment. Hypoglycemia is serious, dangerous, and can be fatal if not treated quickly. Hypoglycemia occurs only as a result of insulin overdose. Question 74 Apples Peppermi nt Cucumbe rs Popsicles Question 75 Corticosteroids Inhaled beta-2 agonist bronchodilators Inhaled anticholinergic bronchodilators Xanthines Question 76 Doxycycline 100 mg qd Nitrofurantoin 100 mg qd Bactrim DS qd Erythromycin qd Question 77 Legal authority for advanced practice nursing rests with: The Health Care Financing Administration Federal statutes State laws and regulations Certifying bodies Question 78 The primary goals of treatment for patients with alcohol abuse disorder are: Reduction in withdrawal symptoms and reduction in desire for alcohol Psychotherapeutic and pharmacological interventions to decrease desire for and effects of alcohol Abstinence or reduction in use, relapse prevention, and rehabilitation Marital satisfaction, improvement in family functioning, and reduction in psychiatric impairment Question 79 Making sure the environment is free of all pollutants Eliminating all pets from the environment Engaging in moderate to high levels of physical activity Remaining indoors with air conditioning as much as possible Question 80 cryptococcosis toxoplasmosis cryptosporidio sis cytomegalovir us Question 81 Central obesity, “moon” face, and dorsocervical fat pad are associated with: Metabolic syndrome Unilateral pheochromocytoma Cushing’s syndrome None of the above Question 82 Wash your feet with cold water daily See a podiatrist every 2 years, inspect your own feet monthly, and apply lotion to your feet daily Go to a spa and have a pedicure monthly See a podiatrist yearly; wash your feet daily with warm soapy water and towel dry between the toes; inspect your feet daily for lesions; apply lotion to dry areas Question 83 Oral ciprofloxacin (Cipro) Oral doxycycline (Virbamycin) plus intramuscular ceftriaxone Oral trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (Bactrim DS) Intramuscular penicillin Question 84 Extensive diagnostic work-up NSAIDs at therapeutic doses Early joint replacement Exercise and weight loss Question 85 Which of the following characteristics are associated with prepatellar bursitis? Pain with weight bearing Pain with range of motion of the knee Repetitive knee trauma All of the above Question 86 Radial tunnel syndrome Ulnar collateral ligament sprain Olecranon bursitis Lateral epicondylitis Question 87 Potential causes of hypocalcemia include which of the following? Vitamin D deficiency Chronic kidney disease Malnutrition All of the above Question 88 Diagnostic confirmation of acute leukemia is based on: Bone marrow aspiration and biopsy Pancytopenia Hyperuricemia All of the above Question 89 Alprazolam or diazepam Venlafaxine or buspirone Trazodone or sertraline Venlafaxine or hydroxyzine pamoate Question 90 discuss proper nutrition tell her what she should weight for her height and suggest a balanced diet speak to her parents before going any further confront her with the fact that you suspect an eating disorder Question 91 Bursitis Paget’s disease Fibromyalgia Osteoarthriti s Question 92 At what age is screening most likely to detect scoliosis? 4 to 6 years 8 to 10 years 12 to 14 years 18 to 20 years Question 93 A positive drawer sign supports a diagnosis of: Sciatica Cruciate ligament injury Meniscal injury Patellar ligament injury Question 94 Acetaminophen or an NSAID A muscle relaxant as an adjunct to an NSAID An oral corticosteroid and diazepam (Valium) Colchicine and an opioid analgesic Question 95 Primary hyperparathyroidism is treated with Vitamin D restriction Primary hyperparathyroidism is treated with parathyroidectomy Primary hyperparathyroidism is treated with daily magnesium Primary hyperparathyroidism is treated with parenteral parathyroid hormone (PTH) Question 96 Buy good walking shoes with support and a flexible sole. Exercise at least 5 days per week. Snack before exercise. Do not exercise if your blood sugar is greater than 180 mg/dL Question 97 A serum thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) level Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) A urine drug screen The Hamilton Anxiety Scale Question 98 Which of the following set of symptoms should raise suspicion of a brain tumor? Recurrent, severe headaches that awaken the patient and are accompanied by visual disturbances. Vague, dull headaches that are accompanied by a reported sense of impending doom. Periorbital headaches occurring primarily in the evening and accompanied by pupillary dilation and photophobia. Holocranial headaches present in the morning and accompanied by projective vomiting without nausea. Question 99 1, 2, 3 2, 3, 4 2, 3 1, 4 Question 100 Which of the following patients most warrants screening for hypothyroidism? A young adult female with postpartum depression lasting 2 weeks. A patient taking thyroid replacement preparation. A 40 year old male with unexplained tremors. An elderly female with recent onset of mental dysfunction. Question 101 Cigarette smoke, both active and passive inhalation Chemicals from plastic and rubber Chronic use of phenacetin-containing analgesic agents Working long hours and not voiding often FINAL SCORE 83/100