BTEC LEVEL 3 APPLIED SCIENCE UNIT 1 BIOLOGY QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS

plasma membrane CORRECT ANSWER a microscopic membrane of lipids and proteins (Phospholipid bilayer) that forms the external boundary of the cytoplasm of a cell or encloses a vacuole, and that regulates the passage of molecules in and out of the cytoplasm. Golgi apparatus CORRECT ANSWER A system of membranes that modifies and packages proteins for export by the cell Vesicle CORRECT ANSWER Small membrane-bound sac that functions in moving products into, out of, and within a cell. Ribosomes CORRECT ANSWER site of protein synthesis - 70s in prokaryotic cells - 80s in eukaryotic cells Mitochondrion CORRECT ANSWER bean-shaped organelle that supplies energy (ATP) during the process of respiration, to the cell and has its own ribosomes and DNA. Centrioles CORRECT ANSWER Cell organelle that aids in cell division in animal cells only Nucleus CORRECT ANSWER the central and most important part of an object, movement, or group, forming the basis for its activity and growth. Contains DNA Nucleolus CORRECT ANSWER Makes ribosomes Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum CORRECT ANSWER An endomembrane system where lipids are synthesized, calcium levels are regulated, and toxic substances are broken down. Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum CORRECT ANSWER System of internal membranes within the cytoplasm. Membranes are rough due to the presence of ribosomes. functions in transport of substances such as proteins within the cytoplasm Lysosomes CORRECT ANSWER An organelle containing digestive enzymes (lysozymes) cell wall CORRECT ANSWER A rigid layer of nonliving material that surrounds the cells of plants and some other organisms. Chloroplasts CORRECT ANSWER Site of photosynthesis