NCLEX PN Exam 2023 Test Bank |200 Actual Q&A with Rationale

Question No : 1 - Teaching the client with gonorrhea how to prevent reinfection and further spread is an example of: A. primary prevention. B. secondary prevention. C. tertiary prevention. D. primary health care prevention. Answer: B Explanation: Secondary prevention targets the reduction of disease prevalence and disease morbidity through early diagnosis and treatment. Physiological Adaptation Question No : 2 - Which of the following foods is a complete protein? A. corn B. eggs C. peanuts D. sunflower seeds Answer: B Explanation: Eggs are a complete protein. The remaining options are incomplete proteins. Health Promotion and Maintenance Question No : 3 - Broccoli, oranges, dark greens, and dark yellow vegetables can be eaten to: A. supplement vitamin pills. B. balance body molecules. C. cure many diseases. D. help improve body defenses. Answer: D Explanation: Controversy over what types of food to eat and not eat is still under investigation. Certain foods can help improve body defenses to possibly prevent certain diseases. Nonpharmacological Therapies Question No : 4 - The major electrolytes in the extracellular fluid are: A. potassium and chloride. B. potassium and phosphate. C. sodium and chloride. D. sodium and phosphate. Answer: C Explanation: Sodium and chloride are the major electrolytes in the extracellular fluid. Physiological Adaptation Question No : 5 - Which of the following nursing diagnoses might be appropriate as Parkinson’s disease progresses and complications develop? A. Impaired Physical Mobility B. Dysreflexia C. Hypothermia D. Impaired Dentition Answer: A Explanation: The client with Parkinson’s disease can develop a shuffling gait and rigidity, causing impaired physical mobility. The other diagnoses do not necessarily relate to a client with Parkinson’s disease. Reduction of Risk Potential Question No : 6 - Which of the following is an inappropriate item to include in planning care for a severely neutropenic client? A. Transfuse netrophils (granulocytes) to prevent infection. B. Exclude raw vegetables from the diet. C. Avoid administering rectal suppositories. D. Prohibit vases of fresh flowers and plants in the client’s room. Answer: A Explanation: Granulocyte transfusion is not indicated to prevent infection. Produced in the bone marrow, granulocytes normally comprise 70% of all WBCs. They are subdivided into three types based on staining properties: neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils. They can be beneficial in a selected population of infected, severely granulocytopenic clients (less than 500/mm3) who do not respond to antibiotic therapy and who are expected to experience prolonged suppression of granulocyte production. Physiological Adaptation Question No : 7 - A primary belief of psychiatric mental health nursing is: A. most people have the potential to change and grow. B. every person is worthy of dignity and respect. C. human needs are individual to each person. D. some behaviors have no meaning and cannot be understood. Answer: B Explanation: Every person is worthy of dignity and respect. Every person has the potential to change and grow. All people have basic human needs in common with others. All behavior has meaning and can be understood from the client’s perspective. Psychosocial Integrity Question No : 8 - A teenage client is admitted to the hospital because of acetaminophen (Tylenol) overdose. Overdoses of acetaminophen can precipitate life- threatening abnormalities in which of the following organs? A. lungs B. liver C. kidneys D. adrenal glands Answer: B Explanation: Acetaminophen is extensively metabolized in the liver. Choices 1, 3, and 4 are incorrect because prolonged use of acetaminophen might result in an increased risk of renal dysfunction, but a single overdose does not precipitate life-threatening problems in the respiratory system, renal system, or adrenal glands. Pharmacological Therapies Question No : 9 - All of the following factors, when identified in the history of a family, are correlated with poverty except: A. high infant mortality rate. B. frequent use of Emergency Departments. C. consultation with folk healers. D. low incidence of dental problems. Answer: D Explanation: Dental problems are prevalent because of the lack of preventive care and access to care. High infant mortality is one of the most significant problems correlated with poverty. Pregnant women who do not have access to care might come to the Emergency Department when in labor. Those in poverty are likely to use Emergency Departments because they may not be turned away. Those in poverty might also turn to folk healers or other persons in their community for care who might be easier to access and might not demand payment. Health Promotion and Maintenance Question No : 10 - Acyclovir is the drug of choice for: A. HIV. B. HSV 1 and 2 and VZV. C. CMV. D. influenza A viruses. Answer: B Explanation: Acyclovir (Zovirax) is specific for treatment of herpes virus infections. There is no cure for herpes. Acyclovir is excreted unchanged in the urine and therefore must be used cautiously in the presence of renal impairment. Drugs that treat herpes inhibit viral DNA replication by competing with viral substrates to form shorter, ineffective DNA chains. Physiological Adaptation