EMT BASIC FINAL EXAM STUDY GUIDE
sympathetic nervous system - ✔fight or flight.(body more alert, pupils dilate, heart rate
increases)
parasympathetic nervous system - ✔rest and digest.(pupils constrict, heart rate
decreases)
scope of practice - ✔a set of regulations and ethical considerations that define the
scope, or extent and limits, of the EMT's job
standard of care - ✔Written, accepted levels of emergency care expected by reason of
training and profession; written by legal or professional organizations so that patients
are not exposed to unreasonable risk or harm.
Negligence - ✔- duty to act
- breach of duty
- injury occurred
- proximate cause
medulla oblongata - ✔controls vital signs such as pulse, breathing, and BP
suction pressure - ✔30lpm; 300mmHg
nasal cannula - ✔1-6lpm(24-44%
non-rebreather - ✔10-15lpm(60-80% O2)
BVM - ✔up to 15lpm(90-95 O2)
venturi mask - ✔typically used for COPD patients.(24, 28, 35, 40%)
infant respiration rate - ✔30-60 breaths/min
adult respiration rate - ✔12-20 breaths/minute
children respiration rate - ✔15-30 breaths/min
calculate pediatric BP: 12 year old male - ✔80 + (age x 2) then 1/3 of that
80 + (12 x 2) = 104
1/3 of 104 = 34
104 - 34 = 70
BP = 104/70
if you are alone and need to ventilate a patient you should - ✔use a pocket mask
, EMT BASIC FINAL EXAM STUDY GUIDE
what age and above do you take blood pressure - ✔3 years and older
capillary refil is a good indicator of perfusion status in patients under what age - ✔6
years and younger
what do you do if a hypoxic patient is combative and you cannot switch them to a nasal
cannula as it would not be enough O2 you should - ✔continue to attempt ventilations
and call medical direction
stridor - ✔strained, high-pitched sound heard on inspiration caused by obstruction in
the pharynx or larynx(upper airway)
Wheezing - ✔Difficult breathing with a high-pitched whistling or sighing sound during
expiration(lower airway)
Rhonchi - ✔loud rumbling sounds heard on auscultation of bronchi obstructed by
sputum(upper airway) *heard during exhalation*
Rales - ✔Crackles; wet crackling noise in lungs
Where do you take BP when a dialysis patient has a shunt, fistula, or graft - ✔the
opposite arm of the graft/shunt/fistula
croup - ✔an acute respiratory syndrome in children and infants characterized by
obstruction of the larynx, hoarseness, and a barking cough(most commonly viral)
Epiglottitis - ✔A disease in which the epiglottis becomes inflamed and enlarged and
may cause an upper airway obstruction(bacterial)
Bronchiolitis - ✔Inflammation of the bronchioles that usually occurs in children younger
than 2 years and is often caused by the respiratory syncytial virus.
artery - ✔A blood vessel that carries blood away from the heart
Veins - ✔Blood vessels that carry blood back to the heart
Venules - ✔small vessels that gather blood from the capillaries into the veins
Capillaries - ✔Microscopic vessel through which exchanges take place between the
blood and cells of the body
Arterioles - ✔small vessels that receive blood from the arteries
left heart failure - ✔-CHF
sympathetic nervous system - ✔fight or flight.(body more alert, pupils dilate, heart rate
increases)
parasympathetic nervous system - ✔rest and digest.(pupils constrict, heart rate
decreases)
scope of practice - ✔a set of regulations and ethical considerations that define the
scope, or extent and limits, of the EMT's job
standard of care - ✔Written, accepted levels of emergency care expected by reason of
training and profession; written by legal or professional organizations so that patients
are not exposed to unreasonable risk or harm.
Negligence - ✔- duty to act
- breach of duty
- injury occurred
- proximate cause
medulla oblongata - ✔controls vital signs such as pulse, breathing, and BP
suction pressure - ✔30lpm; 300mmHg
nasal cannula - ✔1-6lpm(24-44%
non-rebreather - ✔10-15lpm(60-80% O2)
BVM - ✔up to 15lpm(90-95 O2)
venturi mask - ✔typically used for COPD patients.(24, 28, 35, 40%)
infant respiration rate - ✔30-60 breaths/min
adult respiration rate - ✔12-20 breaths/minute
children respiration rate - ✔15-30 breaths/min
calculate pediatric BP: 12 year old male - ✔80 + (age x 2) then 1/3 of that
80 + (12 x 2) = 104
1/3 of 104 = 34
104 - 34 = 70
BP = 104/70
if you are alone and need to ventilate a patient you should - ✔use a pocket mask
, EMT BASIC FINAL EXAM STUDY GUIDE
what age and above do you take blood pressure - ✔3 years and older
capillary refil is a good indicator of perfusion status in patients under what age - ✔6
years and younger
what do you do if a hypoxic patient is combative and you cannot switch them to a nasal
cannula as it would not be enough O2 you should - ✔continue to attempt ventilations
and call medical direction
stridor - ✔strained, high-pitched sound heard on inspiration caused by obstruction in
the pharynx or larynx(upper airway)
Wheezing - ✔Difficult breathing with a high-pitched whistling or sighing sound during
expiration(lower airway)
Rhonchi - ✔loud rumbling sounds heard on auscultation of bronchi obstructed by
sputum(upper airway) *heard during exhalation*
Rales - ✔Crackles; wet crackling noise in lungs
Where do you take BP when a dialysis patient has a shunt, fistula, or graft - ✔the
opposite arm of the graft/shunt/fistula
croup - ✔an acute respiratory syndrome in children and infants characterized by
obstruction of the larynx, hoarseness, and a barking cough(most commonly viral)
Epiglottitis - ✔A disease in which the epiglottis becomes inflamed and enlarged and
may cause an upper airway obstruction(bacterial)
Bronchiolitis - ✔Inflammation of the bronchioles that usually occurs in children younger
than 2 years and is often caused by the respiratory syncytial virus.
artery - ✔A blood vessel that carries blood away from the heart
Veins - ✔Blood vessels that carry blood back to the heart
Venules - ✔small vessels that gather blood from the capillaries into the veins
Capillaries - ✔Microscopic vessel through which exchanges take place between the
blood and cells of the body
Arterioles - ✔small vessels that receive blood from the arteries
left heart failure - ✔-CHF
