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Chapter 25: Anus, Rectum, and Prostate
Chapter 25: Anus, Rectum, and Prostate
Jarvis: Physical Examination & Health Assessment, 7th Edition
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Which statement concerning the anal canal is true? The anal canal:
a. Is approximately 2 cm long in the adult.
b. Slants backward toward the sacrum.
c. Contains hair and sebaceous glands.
d. Is the outlet for the gastrointestinal tract.
ANS: D
,The anal canal is the outlet for the gastrointestinal tract and is approximately
3.8 cm long in the adult. It is lined with a modified skin that does not contain
hair or sebaceous glands, and it slants forward toward the umbilicus.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering (Knowledge) REF: p. 721
MSC: Client Needs: General
2. Which statement concerning the sphincters is correct?
a. The internal sphincter is under voluntary control.
b. The external sphincter is under voluntary control.
c. Both sphincters remain slightly relaxed at all times.
d. The internal sphincter surrounds the external sphincter.
ANS: B
The external sphincter surrounds the internal sphincter but also has a small
section overriding the tip of the internal sphincter at the opening. The external
sphincter is under voluntary control. Except for the passing of feces and gas,
the sphincters keep the anal canal tightly closed.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering (Knowledge) REF: p. 721
, MSC: Client Needs: General
3. The nurse is performing an examination of the anus and rectum. Which of
these statements is correct and important to remember during this examination?
a. The rectum is approximately 8 cm long.
b. The anorectal junction cannot be palpated.
c. Above the anal canal, the rectum turns anteriorly.
d. No sensory nerves are in the anal canal or rectum.
ANS: B
The anal columns are folds of mucosa that extend vertically down from the
rectum and end in the anorectal junction. This junction is not palpable but is
visible on proctoscopy. The rectum is 12 cm long; just above the anal canal, the
rectum dilates and turns posteriorly.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering (Knowledge) REF: p. 721
MSC: Client Needs: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Management of Care
4. The structure that secretes a thin, milky alkaline fluid to enhance the viability
of sperm is the:
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Chapter 25: Anus, Rectum, and Prostate
Chapter 25: Anus, Rectum, and Prostate
Jarvis: Physical Examination & Health Assessment, 7th Edition
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Which statement concerning the anal canal is true? The anal canal:
a. Is approximately 2 cm long in the adult.
b. Slants backward toward the sacrum.
c. Contains hair and sebaceous glands.
d. Is the outlet for the gastrointestinal tract.
ANS: D
,The anal canal is the outlet for the gastrointestinal tract and is approximately
3.8 cm long in the adult. It is lined with a modified skin that does not contain
hair or sebaceous glands, and it slants forward toward the umbilicus.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering (Knowledge) REF: p. 721
MSC: Client Needs: General
2. Which statement concerning the sphincters is correct?
a. The internal sphincter is under voluntary control.
b. The external sphincter is under voluntary control.
c. Both sphincters remain slightly relaxed at all times.
d. The internal sphincter surrounds the external sphincter.
ANS: B
The external sphincter surrounds the internal sphincter but also has a small
section overriding the tip of the internal sphincter at the opening. The external
sphincter is under voluntary control. Except for the passing of feces and gas,
the sphincters keep the anal canal tightly closed.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering (Knowledge) REF: p. 721
, MSC: Client Needs: General
3. The nurse is performing an examination of the anus and rectum. Which of
these statements is correct and important to remember during this examination?
a. The rectum is approximately 8 cm long.
b. The anorectal junction cannot be palpated.
c. Above the anal canal, the rectum turns anteriorly.
d. No sensory nerves are in the anal canal or rectum.
ANS: B
The anal columns are folds of mucosa that extend vertically down from the
rectum and end in the anorectal junction. This junction is not palpable but is
visible on proctoscopy. The rectum is 12 cm long; just above the anal canal, the
rectum dilates and turns posteriorly.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering (Knowledge) REF: p. 721
MSC: Client Needs: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Management of Care
4. The structure that secretes a thin, milky alkaline fluid to enhance the viability
of sperm is the:
