Medical Surgical Nursing, Lewis. Volume 10, Chapter 32 Hypertension.

1. Normal BP: 2. Pre-hypertension: 3. Stage 1 hypertension: 4. Stage 2 hypertension: - 1. 120 SBP and 80 DBP 2. 120-139 SBP OR 80-89 DBP 3. 140-159 SBP OR 90-99 DBP 4. or equal to 160 SBP OR or equal to 100DBP Aldosterone - "Salt-retaining hormone" which promotes the retention of Na+ by the kidneys. Na+ retention promotes water retention, which promotes a higher blood volume and pressure Angiotensin II - Stimulates adrenal cortex to release aldosterone Angiotensin II - Vasoconstriction and tissue growth that cause remodeling of the vessel walls caused by or due to endothelial dysfunction. (linked to the development of primary HTN, long term effects of HTN atherosclerosis, renal disease, hypertrophy) Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) - Hormone produced in the posterior pituitary gland to regulate the balance of water in the body by accelerating the reabsorption of water. Increased ECF volume results in increase BP. Baroreceptors - Cells that are sensitive to blood pressure changes. located in the carotid arteries and arch of the aorta. Transmit this information to the vasomotor center in the brainst