nremt 2023 study guide part 2 with complete solution.

nremt 2023 study guide part 2 with complete solution nremt 2023 study guide part 2 with complete solution As an EMT you can be involved with dead patients. Which of the following methods is inappropriate in helping families cope with grief? - ANSWER. Reassuring the families of the outcome of the patient. Which of the following is not a stage in the process of grief? - ANSWER Regret Which of the following is false about critical stress incident management? - ANSWER Meetings are supervised by a psychologist you and your partner respond to a call from a woman with anaphylaxis from bee stings you both decide she needs an immediate epinephrine Injection and decided to call medical control through a radio transmitter which of the following is not a principle of reporting the patient's case over the radio? - ANSWER Mention only the patients first name Which of the following actions is not a component of pre-assignment operations? - ANSWER Using seatbelts when driving Which of the following is unlikely to increase the risk of your ambulance crashing en route to the incident location - ANSWER Using headlights You are the driver in an ambulance headed to an incident location at an intersection that traffic light changes from green to yellow which of the following responses is most appropriate? - ANSWER Slow down and stop if the light turns red In which of the following cases is the use of escorts and multiple ambulances acceptable? - ANSWER Unfamiliar routes To reduce the risk of crashes of escorts and multiple ambulances which of the following guidelines is unnecessary? - ANSWER Using sirens Which of the following is false about albuterol? - ANSWER It should be given as oral tablets You have just given 0.3 MG of IM epinephrine to a patient with anaphylaxis which of the following symptoms in epinephrine is used for - ANSWER Wheezing You have just administered nitroglycerin to a patient with shortness of breath and crushing chest pain from mild cardial infraction you must monitor the patient for all except which of the following side effects? - ANSWER Blurred vision An EMT is permitted to administer all except which of the following drugs? - ANSWER HEPARIN Activated charcoal is useful in treating all except which of the following types of poisoning? - ANSWER Iron You are attending to a man trapped in the driver seat of a car as firefighters attempt to extricate him from the vehicle you notice that the patient's respiratory rate is 10 CPM pulse rate is 120 BPM fast and thready which the following interventions is most appropriate? - ANSWER Given oxygen through a non rebreather mask You respond to a 32 year old male with bleeding scalp injury following a physical assault by undefined men what is the least likely feature you will find on examination? - ANSWER Decrease skull pressure Which of the following is not a common sign of a skull fracture? New one all except which of the following are signs of Cushing reflex? - ANSWER Absent carotid pulse In the intensive care unit you were briefed about a patient who is said to be unconscious and unresponsive which dilated as metric pupils the quarter tape posturing and Cushing reflex what might be the likely cause? - ANSWER Tachycardia Spinal cord injury is commonly caused by which of the following? - ANSWER Cerebral herniation Which of the following is false about the autonomic nervous system? - ANSWER Motor vehicle collision You have the urge to urinate while driving home from work as you drive you almost hit a toddler who strayed into the road after a sudden swerve away from the child you bring the car to a halt your heart is racing you are sweating and You know longer feel the urge to urinate what is most likely nervous system involved? - ANSWER Sympathetic nervous system A victim of a motor vehicle collision is rushed to the ER after a thorough assessment is determined that the victim spinal cord was spurred which of the following is not a protective skeletal component for the spinal cord? - ANSWER Pia matter Following a motorcycle crash a patient was brought in with paralysis of the left lower limb and extricated reflects activities of upper limbs a spinal injury is suspected what is the least likely mechanism of injury? - ANSWER Fall on an outstretched arm if Conscious the above patient may demonstrate all except which of the following signs and symptoms? - ANSWER Paralysis above the suspected level of injury After stabilizing the above patient which of the following questions is not necessary for assessing responsiveness - ANSWER Do you have any blurry vision? The above patient is severely injured your response as a EMT should include all except which of the following steps? - ANSWER Avoiding artificial ventilation with inline stabilization Another patient who was a passenger in the above motorcycle crash was later brought to the ER he still has a helmet on under what conditions should you remove the helmet - ANSWER You are unable to perform proper spinal immobilization Which of the following is not a correct way to protect a 7 year old child after suspected spinal injury? - ANSWER Add the shoulders down to the heels to maintain neutral immobilization A 6 year old male has severe facial lacerations After a hit on collision with a automobile in your primary assessment of this patient all except which of the following features are important to consider before triaging him as a high priority patient? - ANSWER Slow heart rate Concerning secondary assessment of the above patient which of the following is incorrect? - ANSWER Repeat assessment every 30 minutes for stable patients You're responding to a four year old male with a form body in his left eye which of the following interventions is inappropriate? - ANSWER Patch the eye reduce irritation You're responding to a male 36 year old driver who sustained a facial trauma injury in a motor vehicle crash which of the following emergency responses is incorrect? - ANSWER Administer oxygen via positive pressure ventilation in retrospect of respiratory condition You are responding to a 12 year old male with a bleeding nose following a fall on his face which of the following management protocols is unsuitable for this child? - ANSWER Positioned him supine on the bed A 65 year old male slipped and fell with his occupant first on a staircase he feels severe neck pain and headache all except which of the following are basic interventions for this patient with a neck injury? - ANSWER Attempting a direct laryngoscopy You are attending to a 26 year old female with profuse bleeding from a neck knife slit which the following interventions is inappropriate managing a severed neck blood vessel injury? New one which the following is least likely form of eye injury? - ANSWER Quickly apply pressure on the carotid pulse Concerning allergic reactions which of the following is false? - ANSWER Antigens are proteins that are formed in the body Pathways through which the body may be exposed to allergens include all except which of the following? - ANSWER Transformation Which of the following is correct concerning anaphylaxis? - ANSWER The response depends on individual sensitivity rate and dose of administration You are call to attend to a 15 year old female who was sitting with her friends and they parked she reports she was stung by wasp earlier and she self administered her prescribed epinephrine injection which the following is not a side effect of epinephrine use? - ANSWER Bradycardia Which is false concerning anaphylactoid reactions? - ANSWER They require prior sensitization Which of the following is not a criterion For administering a epinephrine injection? - ANSWER The vial is usually packaged with a separate syringe and needle Concerning epinephrine auto injection which of the following is false? - ANSWER It should be administered based on a patient request retrospective of prior prescription Concerning the management of allergic reactions all except which of the following may be useful? - ANSWER H1 receptors agonist All except which of the following are properties of carbon dioxide? - ANSWER Less Affinity to hemoglobin than oxygen You were called to the scene of a burning building where a 34 year old female who has been rescued on examination she has increased pulse and respiratory rate she also complains of headaches weakness vomiting and blurred vision all except which of the following are appropriate interventions? - ANSWER Administer antimotility agents Which of the following is not necessary for the Emergency Management of poisoning? - ANSWER Collect a detailed history including secondary assessment before administering any intervention Activated charcoal is useful in the management of poisoning which of the following is an indication for administering this medication? - ANSWER Vomiting You are the emergency responder to a four year old female who was reported to have swallowed several tablets of Tylenol you have received clearance from the medical direction to administer activated charcoal which of the following information is false? - ANSWER All brands of this medication are similar in efficiency Serotonin syndrome can occur as a side effect of several medications which the following combinations are not signed symptoms of this syndrome? - ANSWER Brady cardia Bradypnea dry mouth A 16 year old male was out at a party last night where inhalant recreational drugs were used which of these side effects will not be seen in the immediate. After the party? - ANSWER Liver damage You are the emergency responder attending to a 24 year old male who is disoriented confused and agitated his roommates reports that he is a heavy drinker and suddenly stopped drinking alcohol three days ago he has also been having visual hallucinations on examination the man's blood pressure is elevated what is your most likely diagnosis? - ANSWER Delirium Which of the following is false concerning cocaine? - ANSWER It is a strong CNS depressant You recall to attend to an 18 year old drug user who had a seizure he is extremely diaphoretic on examination with people there dilation he has a temperature of 37.7 a heart rate of 110 BPM and a blood pressure of 144 / 92 what is the most likely drug use the young man abused? - ANSWER Ecstasy Which of the following does not constitute as a hazmat scene? - ANSWER A violent male in a public park Concerning hazmat incidents which of the following is false? - ANSWER EMS personnel are allowed to operate within hazmat scenes at any point Concerning crime scenes all except which of the following should be observed? - ANSWER Under no circumstances should the crime scene be Disturbed Diseases of concern for prehospital personnel include all except which the following? - ANSWER rotavirus hepatitis C virus All except which of the following diseases are spread through air droplets? - ANSWER Hepatitis C Concerning PPE's which of the following is false? - ANSWER Gloves are optional depending on the care providers discretion Which of the following is a route of spread of communicable disease? - ANSWER All the above Which of the following is not part of the EMS shift checklist for automated defibrillators? - ANSWER To confirm that ventilators are working and all have clean tubing Which of the following is true about sickle cell disease? - ANSWER Dyspnea and chest pain are signs of sickle cell crisis Your team is called to a house party where a 23 year old male has suddenly become breathless with facial puffiness and slurred speech on arrival you find the patient lying outside on the lawn with a crowd around him his pulse is 122 BPM with the blood pressure of 8456 respiratory rate is 12 CPM with wheezing and oxygen saturation is 92% a friend says the man has a nut allergy and one of the cakes at the party had peanut butter in it what is the most appropriate intervention? - ANSWER Immediately administer I am at the nephren to the inter lateral aspect of the patients thigh Which of the following is true about nitroglycerin? - ANSWER It could be given sublingual as a tablet or a spray Your unit arrives at a farmers market where a 66 year old female is having shortness of breath that started previous day but suddenly got worse than that afternoon she has been coughing for awhile now and it affects her sleep she recently noticed that she was easily fatigued from her regular activities like climbing stairs the woman tells you she is hypertensive but has reduced the dosage of anti hypertensives because they have become expensive for BP is 170 / 100 pulse rate is 100 respiratory rate is 40 CP/M S PO2 is 90% the woman's ankles are swollen and her feet are cold which of the following steps is most appropriate? - ANSWER Given the woman cough syrup for immediate relief then move her to the vehicle for transportation 57 year old female complaints of chest campaign for two hours she also says her heartbeat is faster it is more pronounced and skips her breathing is labored she says she is not hypertensive while you are getting in history the woman suddenly slumps over with no palpable pulse what should you do? - ANSWER Commence CPR that apply AED pads when available Which of the following will not be present during septic shock? - ANSWER Elevated blood pressure A 28 year old female collapses after being told his wife just gave birth to quadruplets his BP is 90 / 70 his pulse is 74 and his respiratory rate is 16 the man's loss of consciousness is most likely due to which of the following? New one your administering CPR to a 35 year old female who lost consciousness while using the up electoral machine at the gym which of the following are signs of effective CPR? - ANSWER Psychogenic shock you are called to a Pilates class where the 50 year old receptionist started complaining of difficulty in breathing and chest pain her pulse rate is 60 her blood pressure is 110 / 60 in a respiratory rate is 30 with an spo 2 of 90% the woman says that she has in China and her prescribed nitroglycerin is in a bag in her locker what should you do? - ANSWER Keep the woman in a comfortable position start her on supplemental O2 then administer her prescribed nitroglycerin Your team is called to a studio where a 51 year old news presenter complains of squeezing chest pain on the left side of his chest that started while he was reading the 7:00 PM news he says that he had a large meal in and that the pain is most likely indigestion because he vomited before you arrived vomiting gave him a little relief his blood pressure is 154 / 88 his pulse rate is 90 and his respiratory rate is 28 what is most likely the cause of this presentation? - ANSWER A myocardial infraction Your call to a home of a 61 year old female who suddenly woke up at night with chest pain difficulty breathing and a lack of energy she is lying supine with a blood pressure of 90 / 68 he pulls rate of 68 and respiratory rate of 30 the woman limbs are cold and pale her son whom she lives with says the woman has nitroglycerin she takes for her angina which of the following interventions will be beneficial? - ANSWER Place the woman in a supine position and commence Supplemental oxygen keep her warm and transport her immediately to a hospital A 60 year old known hypertensive complaints of sudden ripping pain in his chest and between his shoulder blades he feels lightheaded and his sweating profusely with shortness of breath his blood pressure is 182 / 92 It's right arm and 160 over 90 in his left arm His pulse is 70 which of the following steps is most appropriate? - ANSWER Lay the man in a supine position in your vehicle administer oxygen to maintain saturation perform a ECG and quickly transport him to the hospital Your team is at a marathon in July when you arrive you are notified of a spectator who collapsed while watching the race when you get there she is lying on the floor but has come to as bystander sprinkler her with water however she is confused her lips look cracked and her skin is hot is dry and hot her pulse rate is 108 with a blood pressure of 148 / 90 and a rectal temperature of 40.5 you are unable to get history has nobody around seems to know the woman what do you do? - ANSWER Take off the womans clothes and start cold water immersion immediately Your call to attend to a university football player who collapsed during team practice you find him unconscious while his teammates and coach around him you take off the players pads and clothes then take a rectal temperature of 41 you should be prepared to utub to commence cwi which of the following is not beneficial to this process? - ANSWER Do not commence cwi until you have done a blood glucose check Unionist called to the scene of a road traffic accident on the Interstate you Find a overturned car by the side of the road and a mileage male lying unconscious on the grass by centers tell you that the driver was trying to avoid a fridge that fell off a moving truck which of the following are not important parts of assessing scene safety? - ANSWER You should use why questions to find out what the patient needs Your team is called to the scene of a motor vehicle accident where a 78 year old female was struck by A SUV while crossing the street you find her lying on the floor in the pool of blood and you determine scene safety that woman complains of severe pain in her left leg which is bruised lacerated and swollen just below the knee and turn at an odd angle the woman feels dizzy her pulse rate is 128 and thready her blood pressure is 90 / 68 her hands and feet are cold was most likely the cause of this presentation? - ANSWER Hypovolemia from blood loss A 22 year old male collapses on the front lawn of this house prone with no palpable carotid pulse and no visible respiration effort. You have already activated the emergency response system and called for a defibrillator. What is your next step? - ANSWER Lay the patient supine and give 30 chest compressions to two breaths while you wait for the AED A 70 year old male with chronic hypertension and diabetes has a productive cough shortness of breath mucopurulent sputum expiration feverdiaphoresis reduced appetite increased sleepiness and lethargy he had flu like symptoms for days before his symptoms worsened pulse rate is 120 respiration is 26 breaths per minute in oscillation reveals widespread bronchi with reduced breath sounds in apple go lung zones what is the most likely prehospital diagnosis? - ANSWER Pneumonia All except which of the following or oxygen delivery devices? - ANSWER Laryngeal mask An 85 year old female falls down a flight of stairs while trying to get to the bathroom at night she is unconscious her breathing as eight breaths per minute in her pulse is weak and thready this is purplish discoloration under her eyes and bleeding from her ears what is the most appropriate intervention? - ANSWER Perform a jaw thrust and start ventilation A 45 year old male with detachableDenters gets into a fist fight with his neighbor after receiving several blows to the jaw he suddenly grabs his throat and starts making choking sounds. Frankly they move in his arms and his face turns purple what is the most appropriate intervention? - ANSWER Give abdominal thrust A seven year old farmers found with altered consciousness and unresponsiveness his neighbor reveals the farmer had gone to fumigate his farm for four hours earlier he has generalized seizures and his restless agitated and a furball with copious oral secretions pulses 60 respiration is 10 breaths per minute and blood pressure is 100 / 60 what condition do you suspect? - ANSWER Organophosphate poisoning In what part of the lungs does gaseous exchange occur? - ANSWER Alveoli Which of the following patience has tachypnea? - ANSWER A 2 year old with respiratory rate of 36 breaths per minute Which of the following best defines tachypnea? - ANSWER Increase respiratory rate That conducting zone of respiratory system consists all except which of the following? - ANSWER The Alveoli Were part of the brain controls the rate of breathing? - ANSWER Apneustic center A 40 year old male presents with dyspnea of four days duration what is the most likely condition? - ANSWER Difficulty breathing a seven year old male is dyspnea can agitated he appears cyanosis which the following best describes cyanosis? - ANSWER Bluish discoloration of the skin and mucous membrane Blue boater is a term used for patients with which of the following diseases? - ANSWER Chronic bronchitis A 60 year old female with the history of COPD presents with cough and worsening shortness of breath which of the following features is suggestive of chronic bronchitis? - ANSWER Bilateral lower limb swelling 65 year old male is dyspneic and has a chronic history of productive cough and reoccurring chest infections he appears diagnosed and is bloated with bilateral leg swelling his breathing with accessory muscles of respiration on oscillation rank I can be heard spo 2 is 90% what is the most likely prehospital diagnosis? - ANSWER Chronic bronchitis A known asthmatic patient presents espenilla alter consciousness agitation poor respiratory effort and cyanosis CO2 is 88% in the chest is silent on oscillation these symptoms are a feature of which of the following? - ANSWER A life threatening asthma attack The 44 year old female suffered a blow to the head from assault. She is semiconscious in response to painful stimuli she is drooling and has copious oral secretions, snoring sounds and can also be heard. What is the most appropriate intervention? - ANSWER Performing a jaw thrust suction and insert nasal pharyngeal airway What is the flow rate of a BVM? - ANSWER 15 liters per minute BVM ventilation is Contraindicated when which of the fallen conditions? - ANSWER If there is complete upper airway obstruction A 30 year old male was reported to be unconscious after drinking spree with friends he vomits while resuscitation is ongoing you should do all the except which of the following? - ANSWER Suction for more than 30 seconds at a time A 20 year old unconscious female rapidly produces frothy secretions while the EMT is artificially ventilating hirth EMT should do which of the following? - ANSWER Suction for 15 seconds and ventilate for two seconds in an alternate manner You are called to a middle school where a 13 year old male has been stung by a bee and is having difficulty breathing he is wheezing the bite is red itching and swollen in the boy's voice is now horse his pulse is 110 and weak and the boy feels dizzy as spo 2 is 90 what should you do? - ANSWER Administer I m epinephrine and supplemental oxygen and transport the boy to the hospital Neighbors call your team to a home were a 15 year old male has slid his wrist and is bleeding profusely he is home alone with no adult around he is conscious but we put agonal respiration he refuses care from you what is the most appropriate next step? - ANSWER Since the patient is a minor and consent cannot be obtained you can go ahead and provide necessary medical services You and your collegue areresuscitating a 6 year old female with cardiac arrest emergency response system has been activated and it defibrillator is present the child has no pulse and shows no respiratory effort what is the most appropriate next step? - ANSWER Call for an aEd but start CPR at 30 chest compressions to two slow breaths and attach the defibrillator when available and assess You were giving chest compressions to a two week old baby with no poles and no respiratory activity which of the following is applicable? - ANSWER Side by side thumb placement just below the nipple line 5 year old male with a history of asthma and food allergy complains of a three day history of cough wheezing and chest tightness his mother says there are no clear triggers for respiratory symptoms however he had mild symptoms of an upper respiratory tract infection with the current episode he has had used his rescue inhaler more frequently without any relief on examination he has increased work of breathing oxygen saturation is 90% in respiration it's 48 breaths per minute poor air entry to both lung bases is noted bilaterally and there is wheezing in the upper lung zones which of the following is inappropriate intervention? - ANSWER Administer nebulized albuterol A 18 month old baby suffered a seizure and lapse into unconsciousness while resuscitation is going on he gags and secretions cover the Airways which the following catheters is most likely suitable for suctioning this child's airway? - ANSWER Pediatric patients flatter and shorter noses may make creating a mask seal difficult Concerning infant death syndrome which of the following is incorrect? - ANSWER EMT's should attempt to educate the parents as much as possible while carrying out resuscitation You and your partner have been dispatched to a party where a 10 year old male was rescued from a pool he is unresponsive with normal vital signs although he appears anxious which of the following is false concerning the management of near drowning? - ANSWER The boy does not need to be transported to the hospital if his vital signs are normal You were attending to a 24 month old child who is athletic parents report that he has diarrhea in the past 24 hours on examination his skin is pale and clammy with a delayed capillary refill what is the most appropriate intervention? - ANSWER all the above Regarding the Emergency Management of unresponsive poisoning patient which of the following is false? - ANSWER you should consider the need to administer activated charcoal Your team arrives at a law firm to find an anxious 29 year old lawyer who started feeling a tearing pain in the chest and back during his lunch break the pain has been on and off for the past week the man found he had trouble swallowing his food he also is having difficulty breathing as he has a wheeze and says his voice got horse his blood pressure is 138 / 88 with the polls of 110 and respiratory rate of 20 the lawyer confines in you that he uses cocaine frequently and use some in the bathroom today before the pain started what is the most likely cause of this presentation? - ANSWER aortic aneurysm