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Nephrology Exam 1 questions with correct and complete answers

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What diagnostic test helps you visualize the genitourinary tract? CT Urography What is the circulation through the kidney? "Ronnie says interlobar arteries always innervate afferent arterioles" Renal artery/vein -- Segmental arteries -- interlobar arteries -- arcuate arteries/veins -- interlobular veins -- afferent arteriole What is the arterial circulation in the kidney? Renal artery -- Afferent -- Glomerulus -- Efferent What is the order of filtration in the kidney? Glomerulus -- Bowmans Capsule -- Proximal convoluted tubule -- Descending loop of henle -- ascending loop of henle -- Distal convoluted tubule -- collecting tubule -- collecting duct What is the nephron responsible for? 1.) Filtration 2.) Secretion @ (distal convoluted tubule) 3.) Reabsorption @ (proximal tubule) What is the difference between the thin descending and thick ascending loop of henle? a.) Thin descending: passively absorbs water, permeable to Water b.) Thick ascending: Permeable to solutes What part of the kidneys does PTH work on? The Distal Convoluted tubule What part of the kidneys does Aldosterone work on? The distal collecting duct (think Al"distal"rone) What is not a function of the kidneys? Regulation of body temperature What is the GFR equation? GFR = Net ultrafiltration pressure x Filtration coefficient (kf) True or false: Normally, the GFR is 125 ml/min, but depends on age, sex, body size and race. True Positively charged molecules (cations) are ______ likely to be filtered. Positively charged molecules are MORE likely to be filtered. Negative charged molecules will NOT be filtered What zone of the kidney secretes aldosterone? Zona Glomerulosa What zone of the kidneys secrete cortisol? Zona Fasciculata What zone of the kidneys secrete androgens/estrogens? Zona reticularis What is polyuria? Urine output 400 mL/day What is it called when a patient has a urine output 400 mL/day? Oliguria What is the term when a patient has 100 mL/day of urine? Anuria When glucose is found in the urine, this is termed... Glycosuria Glycosuria is normally found in urine along with proteins. False; if glucose/proteins are found in urine, the glucose is 180 mL/day What converts AngI to AngII? ACE What will administering ACEI to a patient do? Dilates the EFFERENT arteriole Hyperkalemia is a side effect of what medication and what does it do? S/e of ACE's and causes peaked T-waves, wide QRS, small p waves and increased PR interval What is the first line tx of Primary (essential) HTN? Lifestyle Modifications!! Secondary HTN is most commonly caused by... Renal Parenchymal disease (CKD) Renovascular HTN is due to Renal artery stenosis Renovascular HTN in elderly due to... Atherosclerosis Renovascular HTN in females 50y.o is MC Fibromuscular Dysplasia What is the Gold standard for Dx of renovascular HTN? Renal arteriography What is the MC cause of renal vein thrombosis? Children with severe dehydration A urinalysis results with positive blood but not RBC, what is the dx? Rhabdomyolysis What is the MCC of Acute cystitis (UTI)? E. Coli What is the gold standard for UTI/Acute cystitis? Urine culture What is the MC type of nephrolithiasis? Calcium oxalate

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Arkansas Esthetics State Board Written
Test No.1
Biannually on your birthdaycorrect answerPersonal license renewal frequency

$50correct answerPersonal license renewal cost

50% of license cost ($25)correct answerPersonal license late fee (within 30 days)

$100correct answerFine for not keeping a current license/ working with an expired license (not the late
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70%correct answerWritten exam passing grade

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75%correct answerPractical exam passing grade

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50%correct answerEstheticians cannot exceed what percentage of AHA/Glycolic?

20%correct answerEstheticians cannot exceed what percentage of BHA/Salacylic?

2correct answerEstheticians cannot use lower than a PH of ____

Epidermiscorrect answerEstheticians cannot go deeper than what layer of skin?

Working areacorrect answerCarpet cannot be in your ________

Cosmetology Technical Advisory Committeecorrect answerDefine CTAC

7correct answerNumber of members in the CTAC

10correct answerMaximum years a member can be in the CTAC

2500correct answerMinimum square footage required for a beauty school

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Any product used for beautifying the skincorrect answerCosmetic

Environmental Protection Agencycorrect answerDefine EPA

Service animals and fishcorrect answerWhat are the only animals allowed in salons and spas?

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In a shakercorrect answerHow powders can be stored

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A studentcorrect answerWho is an inspector not allowed to require an ID from?

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cleancorrect answerYour attire must always be _____

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the ____ and ____ of the public

Annuallycorrect answerCosmetology establishments are inspected at least ______, but are not limited
to

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Cleaned BEFORE each service and kept in good repaircorrect answerShampoo bowls must be _____

Blood plasmacorrect answerLymph is derived from

combustioncorrect answerWhen rapid oxidation of a substance takes place accompanied by the
production of heat or light

Water lovingcorrect answerthe hydrophilic head of a surfactant molecule is

Water lovingcorrect answerWhat does hydrophilic mean?

Peptide bondcorrect answerThe backbone of protein bonds

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binder you end up with an ____

Braincorrect answerThe most intricate and largest nerve tissue of the human body

Surfactantcorrect answerAn active agent used to remove oil from the hair

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