MUNAZZA BIBI
SP19BSBS0022
BME
Electrochemical biosensors: perspective on functional
nanomaterials for on-site analysis
In this electrochemical biosensor, an electrode is a key component, which is employed as a
solid support for immobilization of biomolecules (enzyme, antibody and nucleic acid) and
electron movement.Here, we primarily focus on the functional nanomaterials (carbon-based and
non-carbon-based) which were employed in the diverse forms of electrochemical biosensor for
improving an analytical performance in terms of sensitivity
Graphene oxide (GO) and reduced graphene oxide (rGO) solved the problems by increasing
hydrophilicity of the graphene layer and eliminating the oxygen groups of GO, achieving an
extraordinary electrical conductivity and ease of surface modification for immobilization of
biomolecules.Its huge surface area could increase the quantity of the immobilized enzymes,
widen the reaction areas between the enzyme and the substrate, facilitate electrical conductivity
and increase the signal response of the biosensors They claim that SWCNTs as supporting
matrix for probe DNA significantly increase the surface loading capacity on the electrode
surface and therefore significantly lower the detection limit of target DNA.
it is preferable to other carbon-based nanomaterials on the basis of the following
physicochemical properties: exceptional electron transfer, improved thermal conductivity,
mechanical stability and biocompatibility Graphene With more sophisticated manufacturing
methods, graphene is widely employed as an alternative to traditional electrode used in the
electrochemical biosensor.
Integrating metallic nanoparticles on highly conductive surfaces is desirable for the
manufacturing electrode owing to its huge surface area, electrical conductivity and enzyme
immobilization capacity. Furthermore, ITO electrodes can be used to enhance electroanalytical
activity through the method of surface modification using nanomaterials that provide large
surface area, biorecognition matrix, electrochemical reaction catalyst and electron transfer
enhancers .The organic polymers which are easily processible and printable on diverse solid
substrates were applied to fabricate the nanomaterials composing an electrode and signal
probe of the electrochemical biosensor.
Wang et al. used a Cu2O nanowire to improve the special electronic, optical and mechanical
characteristics of 2-D nanomaterials in label-free electrochemical biosensors .ITO’s hydroxyl
groups on the surface can be functionalized with a variety of chemical compounds (e.g. silane
derivatives) to provide active surfaces of amines, carboxylic acids, and thiols also referred to as
self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) for the capture antibody immobilization.
It has been introduced various types of functional nanomaterials (carbon nanotubes, graphene,
metallic, silica nanoparticles, nanowire, indium tin oxide, and organic polymers), which are
commonly used for the construction of very effective electrode supporting matrices owing to
their high electrical conductivity, huge surface area, etc.
SP19BSBS0022
BME
Electrochemical biosensors: perspective on functional
nanomaterials for on-site analysis
In this electrochemical biosensor, an electrode is a key component, which is employed as a
solid support for immobilization of biomolecules (enzyme, antibody and nucleic acid) and
electron movement.Here, we primarily focus on the functional nanomaterials (carbon-based and
non-carbon-based) which were employed in the diverse forms of electrochemical biosensor for
improving an analytical performance in terms of sensitivity
Graphene oxide (GO) and reduced graphene oxide (rGO) solved the problems by increasing
hydrophilicity of the graphene layer and eliminating the oxygen groups of GO, achieving an
extraordinary electrical conductivity and ease of surface modification for immobilization of
biomolecules.Its huge surface area could increase the quantity of the immobilized enzymes,
widen the reaction areas between the enzyme and the substrate, facilitate electrical conductivity
and increase the signal response of the biosensors They claim that SWCNTs as supporting
matrix for probe DNA significantly increase the surface loading capacity on the electrode
surface and therefore significantly lower the detection limit of target DNA.
it is preferable to other carbon-based nanomaterials on the basis of the following
physicochemical properties: exceptional electron transfer, improved thermal conductivity,
mechanical stability and biocompatibility Graphene With more sophisticated manufacturing
methods, graphene is widely employed as an alternative to traditional electrode used in the
electrochemical biosensor.
Integrating metallic nanoparticles on highly conductive surfaces is desirable for the
manufacturing electrode owing to its huge surface area, electrical conductivity and enzyme
immobilization capacity. Furthermore, ITO electrodes can be used to enhance electroanalytical
activity through the method of surface modification using nanomaterials that provide large
surface area, biorecognition matrix, electrochemical reaction catalyst and electron transfer
enhancers .The organic polymers which are easily processible and printable on diverse solid
substrates were applied to fabricate the nanomaterials composing an electrode and signal
probe of the electrochemical biosensor.
Wang et al. used a Cu2O nanowire to improve the special electronic, optical and mechanical
characteristics of 2-D nanomaterials in label-free electrochemical biosensors .ITO’s hydroxyl
groups on the surface can be functionalized with a variety of chemical compounds (e.g. silane
derivatives) to provide active surfaces of amines, carboxylic acids, and thiols also referred to as
self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) for the capture antibody immobilization.
It has been introduced various types of functional nanomaterials (carbon nanotubes, graphene,
metallic, silica nanoparticles, nanowire, indium tin oxide, and organic polymers), which are
commonly used for the construction of very effective electrode supporting matrices owing to
their high electrical conductivity, huge surface area, etc.
