AMLS Pretest questions and answers (all correct)
2021/2022.
A 28 year old female is being evaluated for an acute onset of an alteration in mentation.
She complained of a stiff neck and persistent headache. Vital signs are P112, R22 and
regular, BP 144/88, SpO2 95% and T 102.3F (39C). The healthcare provider should
observe for which complication?
Seizure
-Chapter 2
A 45 year old patient is found supine on the floor of the Triage area. Healthcare
providers note pinpoint pupils, shallow respirations and vomitus in and around the
mouth. What course of action should be implemented next?
Supplemental oxygen and suction
-Chapter 2
Patients with a history of chronic bronchitis that present with shortness of breath are
likely to have which condition?
Pulmonary embolism
-Chapter 3
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) is characterized by what pathological
change?
Breakdown of fluid between the alveolar-capillary membrane
-Chapter 3
An anxious male complains of a sore throat, fever, chills, dental pain and dyspnea. the
patient has a firm, red pronounced swelling in the sublingual anterior throat area and
tongue. What diagnosis is most likely?
Ludwig's angina
-Chapter 3
Patients on mechanical ventilation may have hypoxemia due to alveolar collapse from
mucous plugging. The best treatment for this is:
Administer PEEP
-Chapter 3
Anaphylaxis is most associated with which physiological event?
Vasodilation
-Chapter 4
An elderly patient in an assisted living facility presents with a diminished level of
consciousness and elevated white blood count. Assessment reveals pale, clammy skin
and a urinary catherter with dark colored urine. Vital signs are P132, R 38 and shallow,
BP 78/46, SpO2 91% and T 100.8°F (32.8°C). What classification of shock is the patient
most likely experiencing?
Distributive
-Chapter 4
Healthcare providers are assessing a patient with pronounced jugular vein distention
and muffled heart tones. Vitals are P 128, R 26, BP 74/52. What classification of shock
should be suspected?
, Obstructive
- Chapter 5
During compensatory shock, the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system is activated to
cause a/an:
Increase in preload, afterload and re-absorption of sodium
-Chapter 4
A 42 year old patient with a history of rheumatoid arthritis is taking glucocorticoids. Over
the past two weeks, she complains of chronic fatigue, weakness, and loss of appetite
with weight loss. Lab results indicate hyponatremia and hyperkalemia. What underlying
diagnosis is suspected?
Adrenal insufficiency
-Chapter 6
Which condition should the healthcare provider consider to usually be a non-emergent,
non-life threatening illness?
Thoracic outlet syndrome
-Chapter 5
Healthcare providers should use extreme caution with nitroglycerin when ST elevation is
present in which ECG leads?
II, III, aVF
-Chapter 5
Which is a high-risk factor for intracerebral hemorrhage?
Cocaine drug abuse
-Chapter 2
What is the initial treatment for a patient experiencing Hyperosmolar Hyperglycemic
Nonketotic Syndrome (HHNS)?
Crystalloid IV fluid resuscitation
-Chapter 6
What condition is most likely to cause respiratory acidosis?
Narcotic overdose
-Chapter 6
What is the most effective treatment for an unconscious patient in respiratory acidosis?
Assisted bag-mask ventilation
-Chapter 6
An autoimmune disease which produces antibodies that mimic the role of TSH and
cause an increase in thyroid hormones is:
Grave's disease
-Chapter 6
Glucagon may not be effective treatment for a patient with hypoglycemia if they also
have which underlying illness?
Alcoholism
-Chapter 6
A 24 year old has completed a triathlon on a hot, humid day. The athlete complains of a
severe headache, muscle cramps and abdominal pain. As the patient history is
obtained, the athlete becomes lethargic. What underlying electrolyte disturbance should
the healthcare provider most likely suspect?
2021/2022.
A 28 year old female is being evaluated for an acute onset of an alteration in mentation.
She complained of a stiff neck and persistent headache. Vital signs are P112, R22 and
regular, BP 144/88, SpO2 95% and T 102.3F (39C). The healthcare provider should
observe for which complication?
Seizure
-Chapter 2
A 45 year old patient is found supine on the floor of the Triage area. Healthcare
providers note pinpoint pupils, shallow respirations and vomitus in and around the
mouth. What course of action should be implemented next?
Supplemental oxygen and suction
-Chapter 2
Patients with a history of chronic bronchitis that present with shortness of breath are
likely to have which condition?
Pulmonary embolism
-Chapter 3
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) is characterized by what pathological
change?
Breakdown of fluid between the alveolar-capillary membrane
-Chapter 3
An anxious male complains of a sore throat, fever, chills, dental pain and dyspnea. the
patient has a firm, red pronounced swelling in the sublingual anterior throat area and
tongue. What diagnosis is most likely?
Ludwig's angina
-Chapter 3
Patients on mechanical ventilation may have hypoxemia due to alveolar collapse from
mucous plugging. The best treatment for this is:
Administer PEEP
-Chapter 3
Anaphylaxis is most associated with which physiological event?
Vasodilation
-Chapter 4
An elderly patient in an assisted living facility presents with a diminished level of
consciousness and elevated white blood count. Assessment reveals pale, clammy skin
and a urinary catherter with dark colored urine. Vital signs are P132, R 38 and shallow,
BP 78/46, SpO2 91% and T 100.8°F (32.8°C). What classification of shock is the patient
most likely experiencing?
Distributive
-Chapter 4
Healthcare providers are assessing a patient with pronounced jugular vein distention
and muffled heart tones. Vitals are P 128, R 26, BP 74/52. What classification of shock
should be suspected?
, Obstructive
- Chapter 5
During compensatory shock, the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system is activated to
cause a/an:
Increase in preload, afterload and re-absorption of sodium
-Chapter 4
A 42 year old patient with a history of rheumatoid arthritis is taking glucocorticoids. Over
the past two weeks, she complains of chronic fatigue, weakness, and loss of appetite
with weight loss. Lab results indicate hyponatremia and hyperkalemia. What underlying
diagnosis is suspected?
Adrenal insufficiency
-Chapter 6
Which condition should the healthcare provider consider to usually be a non-emergent,
non-life threatening illness?
Thoracic outlet syndrome
-Chapter 5
Healthcare providers should use extreme caution with nitroglycerin when ST elevation is
present in which ECG leads?
II, III, aVF
-Chapter 5
Which is a high-risk factor for intracerebral hemorrhage?
Cocaine drug abuse
-Chapter 2
What is the initial treatment for a patient experiencing Hyperosmolar Hyperglycemic
Nonketotic Syndrome (HHNS)?
Crystalloid IV fluid resuscitation
-Chapter 6
What condition is most likely to cause respiratory acidosis?
Narcotic overdose
-Chapter 6
What is the most effective treatment for an unconscious patient in respiratory acidosis?
Assisted bag-mask ventilation
-Chapter 6
An autoimmune disease which produces antibodies that mimic the role of TSH and
cause an increase in thyroid hormones is:
Grave's disease
-Chapter 6
Glucagon may not be effective treatment for a patient with hypoglycemia if they also
have which underlying illness?
Alcoholism
-Chapter 6
A 24 year old has completed a triathlon on a hot, humid day. The athlete complains of a
severe headache, muscle cramps and abdominal pain. As the patient history is
obtained, the athlete becomes lethargic. What underlying electrolyte disturbance should
the healthcare provider most likely suspect?
