Culture & Diversity NCLEX Questions And Answers, Verified Solution

DIT - END OF SESSION QUIZ - RENAL

What artery prevents a horseshoe kidney from ascending in the abdoment?
inferior mesenteric artery
what fundamental problem creates potter sequence?
oligohydraminos from bilateral renal agenesis
What cell type releases renin?
JGA cells
What are the 3 stimuli that induce renin release?
- Beta adrenergic
- low Na+ in DCT
- low pressure in afferent arteriole
A 40 year old patient of your weighs 100 kg. What is her estimated plasma volume?
100 kg -> 60% TBW
= 20kg ICF -> 25% plasma -> 5kg = 5L
-> 75% interstitial
40kg ECF
What effect will a renal stone that obstructs the ureter have on GFR and FF?
decrease and decrease
what is the maximal serum glucose concentration at which glucose can be absorbed in
the tubules?
350mg/dL
What vitamin deficiency results from Hartup disease?
niacin (B3) + "pellegra"
What substances can be used to estimate GFR? what substances can be used to
estimate renal plasma flow?
inulin, creatinine -> GFR
PAH -> RPF
What is the equation for the renal clearance of any substance?
Cx = (Ux X V) / Px
What segment of the renal tubule matches each of the following statements?
reabsorbs 67% of the fluid and electrolytes filtered by the glomerulus
PCT
What segment of the renal tubule matches each of the following statements?
site of secretion of organic anions and cations
PCT
What segment of the renal tubule matches each of the following statements?
always impermeable to water
thick ascending
What segment of the renal tubule matches each of the following statements?
permeable to water only in the presence of ADH
DCT - principal cells
What segment of the renal tubule matches each of the following statements?
site of the Na+/2Cl/K+ co transporter

, thick ascending limb
What segment of the renal tubule matches each of the following statements?
site of isotonic fluid reabsorption
PCT
What segment of the renal tubule matches each of the following statements?
site responsible for diluting urine
thick ascending limb
What segment of the renal tubule matches each of the following statements?
only site where glucose and amino acids are reabsorbed
PCT
What segment of the renal tubule matches each of the following statements?
water reabsorption in the loop of henle
thin descending limb
What are the two main cell types of the collecting duct?
principal cells
intercalated cells -> 2 types: alpha + beta
What drugs antagonize aldosterone's action on the principal cells of the collecting duct,
thereby promoting Na+ excretion and inhibiting K+ excretion?
aldosterone antagonists -> epleronone + spironolactone
What class of drugs inhibits the Na+/2Cl/K+ sympoter in the thick ascending limb?
loop diuretics -> isotonic H2O excretion
What type of diuretic is each of the following drugs?
triamterene
K+ sparing diuretics
What type of diuretic is each of the following drugs?
acetazolamide
carbonic anhydrase
What type of diuretic is each of the following drugs?
hydrochlorothiazide
thiazide
What type of diuretic is each of the following drugs?
bumetanide
loop
What type of diuretic is each of the following drugs?
spironolactone
aldosterone antagonist
What type of diuretic is each of the following drugs?
chlorothiazide
thiazide
What type of diuretic is each of the following drugs?
ethacrynic acid
not sulfa - loop diuretics
What type of diuretic is each of the following drugs?
mannitol
osmotic