(complete LETRS Unit 1 - Sessions) LETRS
Unit 1 Sessions 1-8 Assessment/Quizzes.
LETRS Unit 1 Session 1
phonics
the study of the relationships between letters and the sounds they represent; also used
as a descriptor for code-based instruction
phonemic awareness
the conscious awareness of the individual speech sounds (consonants and vowels) in
spoken syllables and the ability to consciously manipulate those sounds.
Five Essential Components of Reading Instruction
Phonemic awareness, phonics, fluency, vocabulary, and comprehension.
pictographs
primitive writing system that directly represented or made pictures of the intended
meaning (hieroglyphics)
logographs
writing system where symbols were used to represent meanings rather than sound
(Chinese radicals and Mayan gylphs)
syllabic symbols
writing system that directly represented whole syllables (cherokee)
alphabetic writing
a system in which graphic signs represent individual consonants and vowels, or
phenomes
syllable
a unit of pronunciation that is organized around a vowel; it may or may not have a
consonant after the vowel
morphemes
The smallest units of meaning in a language; meaningful parts of words; it may be a
word or part of a word; it may be a single sound (plural /s/); one syllable (suffix -ful) or
multiple syllables (prefix inter-)
orthography
A writing system for representing language.
shallow orthography
the sound-symbol correspondences in the alphabetic writing system are regular and
predicable, with one sound represented by one symbol or letter (Spanish)
deep orthography
the sound-symbol correspondences in the alphabetic writing system represent both
morphemes (meaningful parts) and speech sound (English)
morphophonemic
a deep alphabetic writing system organized by both "sound-symbol" correspondences
and morphology (English orthography falls under this category) Consider examples that
share a consistently spelled root or meaningful part (morpheme) but have different
pronunciations of the root: compress, compression (s, or sh) rite or ritual (t or ch)
cognate
, a word in one language that shares a common ancestor and meanings with a word from
another language; promblema or diagrama
metalinguistic awareness
the ability to think about and reflect on the structure of language itself The invention of
the alphabet was an achievement in metalinguistic awareness.
Simple View of Reading (SVR)
word recognition x language comprehension = reading comprehension
word recognition
the accurate and fast retrieval of decoded word forms; essential for the development of
reading (SVR)
language comprehension
listening comprehension or the linguistic processes involved in the comprehension of
oral language (SVR)
decoding
The ability to translate a word from print to speech, usually by employing knowledge of
sound symbol correspondences; also the act of deciphering a new word by sounding it
out.
LETRS Unit 1, Session 2
b. It does not use paragraphs and tends to be disorganized.
Which is a characteristic of discourse in spoken language?
a. It generally uses complete, well-formed sentences.
b. It does not use paragraphs and tends to be disorganized.
c. It may use unusual or topic-specific vocabulary.
d. Its sounds are coarticulated in words.
a. As children get older, verbal comprehension becomes more important than
oral reading fluency.
Which statement best describes the relative importance of oral reading fluency and
verbal comprehension as factors in reading comprehension?
a. As children get older, verbal comprehension becomes more important than oral
reading fluency.
b. Oral reading fluency and verbal comprehension are equally important throughout
childhood and adolescence.
c. As children get older, verbal comprehension matters less, and oral reading fluency
becomes more important.
d. Although oral reading fluency and verbal comprehension are both important, a child
with problems in one domain can usually use the other domain to compensate.
b. Social context and nonverbal gestures help the listener understand spoken
language, so there is less need for it to be highly structured.
How does the language system of <i>pragmatics</i> help us to understand why written
language is more structured than spoken language?
a. Written language is highly structured because we expect certain types of writing,
such as stories, to follow established organizational conventions.
b. Social context and nonverbal gestures help the listener understand spoken language,
Unit 1 Sessions 1-8 Assessment/Quizzes.
LETRS Unit 1 Session 1
phonics
the study of the relationships between letters and the sounds they represent; also used
as a descriptor for code-based instruction
phonemic awareness
the conscious awareness of the individual speech sounds (consonants and vowels) in
spoken syllables and the ability to consciously manipulate those sounds.
Five Essential Components of Reading Instruction
Phonemic awareness, phonics, fluency, vocabulary, and comprehension.
pictographs
primitive writing system that directly represented or made pictures of the intended
meaning (hieroglyphics)
logographs
writing system where symbols were used to represent meanings rather than sound
(Chinese radicals and Mayan gylphs)
syllabic symbols
writing system that directly represented whole syllables (cherokee)
alphabetic writing
a system in which graphic signs represent individual consonants and vowels, or
phenomes
syllable
a unit of pronunciation that is organized around a vowel; it may or may not have a
consonant after the vowel
morphemes
The smallest units of meaning in a language; meaningful parts of words; it may be a
word or part of a word; it may be a single sound (plural /s/); one syllable (suffix -ful) or
multiple syllables (prefix inter-)
orthography
A writing system for representing language.
shallow orthography
the sound-symbol correspondences in the alphabetic writing system are regular and
predicable, with one sound represented by one symbol or letter (Spanish)
deep orthography
the sound-symbol correspondences in the alphabetic writing system represent both
morphemes (meaningful parts) and speech sound (English)
morphophonemic
a deep alphabetic writing system organized by both "sound-symbol" correspondences
and morphology (English orthography falls under this category) Consider examples that
share a consistently spelled root or meaningful part (morpheme) but have different
pronunciations of the root: compress, compression (s, or sh) rite or ritual (t or ch)
cognate
, a word in one language that shares a common ancestor and meanings with a word from
another language; promblema or diagrama
metalinguistic awareness
the ability to think about and reflect on the structure of language itself The invention of
the alphabet was an achievement in metalinguistic awareness.
Simple View of Reading (SVR)
word recognition x language comprehension = reading comprehension
word recognition
the accurate and fast retrieval of decoded word forms; essential for the development of
reading (SVR)
language comprehension
listening comprehension or the linguistic processes involved in the comprehension of
oral language (SVR)
decoding
The ability to translate a word from print to speech, usually by employing knowledge of
sound symbol correspondences; also the act of deciphering a new word by sounding it
out.
LETRS Unit 1, Session 2
b. It does not use paragraphs and tends to be disorganized.
Which is a characteristic of discourse in spoken language?
a. It generally uses complete, well-formed sentences.
b. It does not use paragraphs and tends to be disorganized.
c. It may use unusual or topic-specific vocabulary.
d. Its sounds are coarticulated in words.
a. As children get older, verbal comprehension becomes more important than
oral reading fluency.
Which statement best describes the relative importance of oral reading fluency and
verbal comprehension as factors in reading comprehension?
a. As children get older, verbal comprehension becomes more important than oral
reading fluency.
b. Oral reading fluency and verbal comprehension are equally important throughout
childhood and adolescence.
c. As children get older, verbal comprehension matters less, and oral reading fluency
becomes more important.
d. Although oral reading fluency and verbal comprehension are both important, a child
with problems in one domain can usually use the other domain to compensate.
b. Social context and nonverbal gestures help the listener understand spoken
language, so there is less need for it to be highly structured.
How does the language system of <i>pragmatics</i> help us to understand why written
language is more structured than spoken language?
a. Written language is highly structured because we expect certain types of writing,
such as stories, to follow established organizational conventions.
b. Social context and nonverbal gestures help the listener understand spoken language,
