WGU C207 Data Driven Decision Making Exam
(Answered) Verified Solution
Frame the Problem, Solving the Problem and Communicating Results are part of
which decision making model?
Davenport-Kim three-stage model
In which stage of the Davenport-Kim model is problem recognition?
Framing the problem
In which stage of the Davenport-Kim model is data collection?
Solving the problem
What is a key reason we study statistics?
To make informed decisions
Visually presenting the data assists in which stage of the Davenport-Kim model?
Communicating the results
When does research fail to produce reliable results?
Poor research validity
What are the two major issues surrounding research standards?
Best practices and ethics
In order to be a statistically valid sample, the sample must be:
The appropriate size and random
Not selecting a random sample is what type of bias?
Measurement
Not selecting a right sized sample is what type of bias?
Measurement
Research best practices eliminate...
Bias
Outliers create this type of error
Out-of Range
Unpredictable error
Random Error - No correlation
Error may occur from missing data. (Example: Space not filled in)
Omission Error - Distorted results
This error repeats itself
Systematic Error - Skewed results
Observation points that are distant from other observations.
Outliers Note: Can be included or excluded in analysis (causes skewness)
Types of Bias: Bias that occurs from not selecting a random sample
Measurement bias
Types of Bias: Bias introduced because respondents believe it will be beneficial if
selected.
Conscious bias (key word: benefit)
Consistent and repeatable data
Reliable
Resulting from accurate measurements
Valid data
, If a responder lies on their survey, this creates what type of bias?
Information
Sorting your spreadsheet can expose these errors by moving them to the very
top or the very bottom of the column
Omission or Out-of-Range
An error that will fix itself over time
Random
An error that will not fix itself. You must do something
Systematic
Cleaning and organizing data
Data Management
Are the following variable quantitative or qualitative? Personality type, social
class, or communication style
Qualitative
A study used when you a conditions can't be controlled
Observational study
Observes people going forward in time from the time of their entry into the study.
Cohort Study
What are the three elements of an experimental study?
Unit, Treatment, Response
Accurately measures what it is intended to measure
Valid data
________ an experimental study prevents bias.
Blinding
Neither the treatment allocator nor the participant knows in which group the
participant is contributing. (Who is getting the real drug?)
Double blind study
The participants are not told if they are in the treatment group or control group
Blind study
Describes characteristics of a dataset. Mean, median, mode, variation, standard
deviation, range....
Descriptive analytics
Uses data from t he past to predict the future
Predictive
Uses experimental design and optimization to predict a future
Prescriptive
If we move to six appointments an hour we can increase revenue 2%. Which form
of analytics is this?
Prescriptive - We are taking a specific course of action
Based on the last four quarters, we can predict $4,1 million in sales next quarter.
Which form of analytics is this?
Predictive: We aren't taking any action
The number of appointments per day averaged 7 over the last 6 months. Which
form of analytics is this?
Descriptive: We are only describing the past. No future predictions are made.
Is Big Data structured, unstructured or both?
(Answered) Verified Solution
Frame the Problem, Solving the Problem and Communicating Results are part of
which decision making model?
Davenport-Kim three-stage model
In which stage of the Davenport-Kim model is problem recognition?
Framing the problem
In which stage of the Davenport-Kim model is data collection?
Solving the problem
What is a key reason we study statistics?
To make informed decisions
Visually presenting the data assists in which stage of the Davenport-Kim model?
Communicating the results
When does research fail to produce reliable results?
Poor research validity
What are the two major issues surrounding research standards?
Best practices and ethics
In order to be a statistically valid sample, the sample must be:
The appropriate size and random
Not selecting a random sample is what type of bias?
Measurement
Not selecting a right sized sample is what type of bias?
Measurement
Research best practices eliminate...
Bias
Outliers create this type of error
Out-of Range
Unpredictable error
Random Error - No correlation
Error may occur from missing data. (Example: Space not filled in)
Omission Error - Distorted results
This error repeats itself
Systematic Error - Skewed results
Observation points that are distant from other observations.
Outliers Note: Can be included or excluded in analysis (causes skewness)
Types of Bias: Bias that occurs from not selecting a random sample
Measurement bias
Types of Bias: Bias introduced because respondents believe it will be beneficial if
selected.
Conscious bias (key word: benefit)
Consistent and repeatable data
Reliable
Resulting from accurate measurements
Valid data
, If a responder lies on their survey, this creates what type of bias?
Information
Sorting your spreadsheet can expose these errors by moving them to the very
top or the very bottom of the column
Omission or Out-of-Range
An error that will fix itself over time
Random
An error that will not fix itself. You must do something
Systematic
Cleaning and organizing data
Data Management
Are the following variable quantitative or qualitative? Personality type, social
class, or communication style
Qualitative
A study used when you a conditions can't be controlled
Observational study
Observes people going forward in time from the time of their entry into the study.
Cohort Study
What are the three elements of an experimental study?
Unit, Treatment, Response
Accurately measures what it is intended to measure
Valid data
________ an experimental study prevents bias.
Blinding
Neither the treatment allocator nor the participant knows in which group the
participant is contributing. (Who is getting the real drug?)
Double blind study
The participants are not told if they are in the treatment group or control group
Blind study
Describes characteristics of a dataset. Mean, median, mode, variation, standard
deviation, range....
Descriptive analytics
Uses data from t he past to predict the future
Predictive
Uses experimental design and optimization to predict a future
Prescriptive
If we move to six appointments an hour we can increase revenue 2%. Which form
of analytics is this?
Prescriptive - We are taking a specific course of action
Based on the last four quarters, we can predict $4,1 million in sales next quarter.
Which form of analytics is this?
Predictive: We aren't taking any action
The number of appointments per day averaged 7 over the last 6 months. Which
form of analytics is this?
Descriptive: We are only describing the past. No future predictions are made.
Is Big Data structured, unstructured or both?
