LEARNING PROCEDURE
A. Pre and Early Learning Activities
a) Pre Learning Activities
The learning process will work well if the teacher can condition learning activities effectively. These
conditions must start from the learning stage. Pre-learning activities (pre-instructional) are
preliminary learning activities that are directed at preparing students to follow the lesson. Pre-learning
activities are usually general in nature and not directly related to competencies or material to be
discussed in the core learning activities.
Efforts that can be made by the teacher at the pre-learning stage include the following.
1) Create an interesting class attitude and atmosphere
Learning conditions can be influenced by the teacher's attitude in front of the class. The teacher must
show a pleasant attitude so that students do not feel tense, stiff, and even afraid to participate in
learning.
2) Check student attendance
The activity that is usually carried out by the teacher in the first lesson is to check student attendance.
To save time in checking student attendance, the teacher can ask questions of students who are present
about students who are absent and the reason for their absence. By always checking attendance, the
teacher indirectly motivates students, is disciplined in attending lessons, and gets used to notifying the
teacher of his absence either directly or through friends orally or in writing.
3) Creating student learning readiness
Learning activities need to be based on the readiness and enthusiasm for student learning. Readiness
for student learning is one of the learning principles that greatly influences the process and student
learning outcomes. Therefore, teachers need to help develop learning readiness and foster students'
enthusiasm for learning.
b) Early Learning Activities
Early learning activities are carried out to mentally prepare students to enter the core learning
activities. In addition, the initial activities are carried out to generate student motivation and attention
in participating in learning, provide a clear picture of the boundaries of the task or activity to be
carried out and show the relationship between the child's experience and the material to be studied.
Activities that can be carried out by the teacher in the early stages of learning activities. Including the
following:
1. Generate student motivation and attention
When students enter the lesson, students' minds are still related to the previous lesson or with the
activities that were experienced before. In order for students' minds to be focused on what will be
discussed in learning, the teacher needs lessons to be carried out. Generating student motivation and
attention is an activity that needs to be carried out at each stage of learning activities.
, 2. Giving Reference
In relation to early learning activities, giving a reference is defined as the teacher's effort in conveying
a specific and brief general description of the things that will be learned and the activities that will be
carried out during the lesson. Activities that can be carried out by the teacher in giving references
include the following.
a. Inform the expected goals (abilities) or an outline of the material to be learned.
b. Convey alternative learning activities that will be taken by students.
3. Making the Hook
Students will be interested in the lessons given if they see a connection or relationship with what is
already known or in accordance with their previous experiences or in accordance with their interests
and needs. Therefore one way to attract and focus students' attention on the material to be studied is to
make connections.
a. Ask questions about previously studied material.
If the material to be discussed has a direct connection or requires students' mastery of the previous
material, then the initial learning activities can be carried out by asking questions about the lesson
material that students have studied.
b. Demonstrate the benefits of the material being studied.
Students will be motivated to take lessons if they see the benefits they will get if they master the
material. For this reason, in the early learning activities the teacher should show the link between
mastery of the competencies or material being studied and its use in everyday life.
c. Ask students to express experiences related to the material to be discussed.
In the early learning activities the teacher can ask students to express their experiences related to the
material to be discussed. For example, when discussing the shape of the earth's surface, the teacher
can ask children to share their vacation experiences (beaches or mountains).
4. Carry out Preliminary Tests
The initial test or pre-test is carried out to measure and find out the extent to which the material or
subject matter to be studied has been mastered by students. This information will be used by the
teacher to determine where to start discussing new material. Preliminary tests can be carried out orally
aimed at several students who are considered representative of all students.
B. Core Activities in Learning
a) Discussion of Subject Matter in Classical Learning.
Classical learning activities tend to be used when in the learning process the teacher teaches more
material (explorative). Presentation in classical learning places more emphasis on the activity of
providing information or explaining material that students have not yet understood. One of the
advantages of classical learning is the convenience for teachers in organizing subject matter, because
the subject matter is uniformly given to students. Classical learning can be used if the subject matter is
A. Pre and Early Learning Activities
a) Pre Learning Activities
The learning process will work well if the teacher can condition learning activities effectively. These
conditions must start from the learning stage. Pre-learning activities (pre-instructional) are
preliminary learning activities that are directed at preparing students to follow the lesson. Pre-learning
activities are usually general in nature and not directly related to competencies or material to be
discussed in the core learning activities.
Efforts that can be made by the teacher at the pre-learning stage include the following.
1) Create an interesting class attitude and atmosphere
Learning conditions can be influenced by the teacher's attitude in front of the class. The teacher must
show a pleasant attitude so that students do not feel tense, stiff, and even afraid to participate in
learning.
2) Check student attendance
The activity that is usually carried out by the teacher in the first lesson is to check student attendance.
To save time in checking student attendance, the teacher can ask questions of students who are present
about students who are absent and the reason for their absence. By always checking attendance, the
teacher indirectly motivates students, is disciplined in attending lessons, and gets used to notifying the
teacher of his absence either directly or through friends orally or in writing.
3) Creating student learning readiness
Learning activities need to be based on the readiness and enthusiasm for student learning. Readiness
for student learning is one of the learning principles that greatly influences the process and student
learning outcomes. Therefore, teachers need to help develop learning readiness and foster students'
enthusiasm for learning.
b) Early Learning Activities
Early learning activities are carried out to mentally prepare students to enter the core learning
activities. In addition, the initial activities are carried out to generate student motivation and attention
in participating in learning, provide a clear picture of the boundaries of the task or activity to be
carried out and show the relationship between the child's experience and the material to be studied.
Activities that can be carried out by the teacher in the early stages of learning activities. Including the
following:
1. Generate student motivation and attention
When students enter the lesson, students' minds are still related to the previous lesson or with the
activities that were experienced before. In order for students' minds to be focused on what will be
discussed in learning, the teacher needs lessons to be carried out. Generating student motivation and
attention is an activity that needs to be carried out at each stage of learning activities.
, 2. Giving Reference
In relation to early learning activities, giving a reference is defined as the teacher's effort in conveying
a specific and brief general description of the things that will be learned and the activities that will be
carried out during the lesson. Activities that can be carried out by the teacher in giving references
include the following.
a. Inform the expected goals (abilities) or an outline of the material to be learned.
b. Convey alternative learning activities that will be taken by students.
3. Making the Hook
Students will be interested in the lessons given if they see a connection or relationship with what is
already known or in accordance with their previous experiences or in accordance with their interests
and needs. Therefore one way to attract and focus students' attention on the material to be studied is to
make connections.
a. Ask questions about previously studied material.
If the material to be discussed has a direct connection or requires students' mastery of the previous
material, then the initial learning activities can be carried out by asking questions about the lesson
material that students have studied.
b. Demonstrate the benefits of the material being studied.
Students will be motivated to take lessons if they see the benefits they will get if they master the
material. For this reason, in the early learning activities the teacher should show the link between
mastery of the competencies or material being studied and its use in everyday life.
c. Ask students to express experiences related to the material to be discussed.
In the early learning activities the teacher can ask students to express their experiences related to the
material to be discussed. For example, when discussing the shape of the earth's surface, the teacher
can ask children to share their vacation experiences (beaches or mountains).
4. Carry out Preliminary Tests
The initial test or pre-test is carried out to measure and find out the extent to which the material or
subject matter to be studied has been mastered by students. This information will be used by the
teacher to determine where to start discussing new material. Preliminary tests can be carried out orally
aimed at several students who are considered representative of all students.
B. Core Activities in Learning
a) Discussion of Subject Matter in Classical Learning.
Classical learning activities tend to be used when in the learning process the teacher teaches more
material (explorative). Presentation in classical learning places more emphasis on the activity of
providing information or explaining material that students have not yet understood. One of the
advantages of classical learning is the convenience for teachers in organizing subject matter, because
the subject matter is uniformly given to students. Classical learning can be used if the subject matter is
