PHILOSOPHY AND PEDAGOGIC FOUNDATION OF
ELEMENTARY SCHOOL EDUCATION
CHAPTER 1
PRELIMINARY
A. Background
Education is a process for changing, improving skills, attitudes, behavior and
knowledge in both the academic and non-academic fields of a person in an effort to
increase or educate and achieve the goals to be achieved. This process shows that
activity is in the form of action that occurs actively or consciously. Education is
carried out consciously and planned so that changes in attitudes and behavior are
expected to become intelligent individuals. skilled, disciplined, independent and
noble.
In the educational process it is necessary to have a foundation. There are many
foundations in education out there, we take for example the philosophical foundations
of education, the psychological foundations of education and the pedagogical
foundations of education. Therefore, we created this paper in order to clarify and add
to the body of knowledge regarding the foundations of education, especially the
philosophical and pedagogical foundations.
B. Formulation of the problem
1. What are the philosophical and pedagogical foundations?
2. Who are the pedagogical figures?
3. What is educational philosophy?
4. What is the philosophy of education in Indonesia?
5. What are the philosophical foundations of education in Asia?
C. Purpose
1. Describe the philosophical foundation and pedagogical basis.
2. Describe pedagogical figures?
3. Describe the philosophy of education?
4. Describe the philosophy of education in Indonesia?
Describe the philosophy of education in Asia ?
, CHAPTER 2
DISCUSSION
PHILOSOPHICAL FOUNDATION AND EDUCATIONAL BASIS OF
ELEMENTARY SCHOOL
A. Philosophical Foundation of Elementary School Education
1. Philosophical Foundation
In etymology, philosophy comes from the Greek words philein/philos which
means love and sophos/Sophia which means wisdom, knowledge, wisdom, or truth. In
the meaning of philosophy means knowledge that tries to understand or know
everything in order to reach the truth to wisdom. To find out the truth to the wisdom
desired by philosophers has its own way to give rise to various characteristics that
differ from one to another.
Education is a conscious and planned effort to create a learning atmosphere and
learning process so that students actively develop their potential to have religious
spiritual strength, self-control, personality, intelligence, noble character and skills
needed by themselves, society, nation and country. Therefore we need a foundation in
education to ensure the achievement of the desired educational goals. The foundation
of education is essentially the foundations that underlie the operation of an education
system. Because in the implementation of education there are many things that need
to be considered and are not easy matters. According to Nikunja (2015) argues that
philosophy in general is the basics of one's beliefs and beliefs. The philosophical
foundation comes from views in educational philosophy, concerning beliefs about
human nature, beliefs about the source of value, the nature of knowledge, and about a
life that is more worthy of being lived.
In several other views, the branches of educational philosophy that are commonly
used as references for studies are as follows:
a. Perennialism, a school of educational philosophy that looks back, believes that
the eternal wisdom of spiritualism, tradition, and religion share one universal
metaphysical truth in which all knowledge, teachings and good values have
grown.
b. Essentialism, namely the flow that wants to return to the cultural heritage of
history which has proven its superiority and goodness for human life.
c. Progressivism, this school believes that knowledge about this world is only
limited to how this world is experienced by humans and that is what science
(science) can reach for all of us.
d. Critical pedagogy, one of the main elements of this school is the necessity to
view schools as a democratic public space. The school is dedicated to shaping
self and social empowerment.
e. Existentialism, is one of the characteristics of 20th century philosophical
thought which longs for a very large human autonomy and freedom to
actualize himself.
ELEMENTARY SCHOOL EDUCATION
CHAPTER 1
PRELIMINARY
A. Background
Education is a process for changing, improving skills, attitudes, behavior and
knowledge in both the academic and non-academic fields of a person in an effort to
increase or educate and achieve the goals to be achieved. This process shows that
activity is in the form of action that occurs actively or consciously. Education is
carried out consciously and planned so that changes in attitudes and behavior are
expected to become intelligent individuals. skilled, disciplined, independent and
noble.
In the educational process it is necessary to have a foundation. There are many
foundations in education out there, we take for example the philosophical foundations
of education, the psychological foundations of education and the pedagogical
foundations of education. Therefore, we created this paper in order to clarify and add
to the body of knowledge regarding the foundations of education, especially the
philosophical and pedagogical foundations.
B. Formulation of the problem
1. What are the philosophical and pedagogical foundations?
2. Who are the pedagogical figures?
3. What is educational philosophy?
4. What is the philosophy of education in Indonesia?
5. What are the philosophical foundations of education in Asia?
C. Purpose
1. Describe the philosophical foundation and pedagogical basis.
2. Describe pedagogical figures?
3. Describe the philosophy of education?
4. Describe the philosophy of education in Indonesia?
Describe the philosophy of education in Asia ?
, CHAPTER 2
DISCUSSION
PHILOSOPHICAL FOUNDATION AND EDUCATIONAL BASIS OF
ELEMENTARY SCHOOL
A. Philosophical Foundation of Elementary School Education
1. Philosophical Foundation
In etymology, philosophy comes from the Greek words philein/philos which
means love and sophos/Sophia which means wisdom, knowledge, wisdom, or truth. In
the meaning of philosophy means knowledge that tries to understand or know
everything in order to reach the truth to wisdom. To find out the truth to the wisdom
desired by philosophers has its own way to give rise to various characteristics that
differ from one to another.
Education is a conscious and planned effort to create a learning atmosphere and
learning process so that students actively develop their potential to have religious
spiritual strength, self-control, personality, intelligence, noble character and skills
needed by themselves, society, nation and country. Therefore we need a foundation in
education to ensure the achievement of the desired educational goals. The foundation
of education is essentially the foundations that underlie the operation of an education
system. Because in the implementation of education there are many things that need
to be considered and are not easy matters. According to Nikunja (2015) argues that
philosophy in general is the basics of one's beliefs and beliefs. The philosophical
foundation comes from views in educational philosophy, concerning beliefs about
human nature, beliefs about the source of value, the nature of knowledge, and about a
life that is more worthy of being lived.
In several other views, the branches of educational philosophy that are commonly
used as references for studies are as follows:
a. Perennialism, a school of educational philosophy that looks back, believes that
the eternal wisdom of spiritualism, tradition, and religion share one universal
metaphysical truth in which all knowledge, teachings and good values have
grown.
b. Essentialism, namely the flow that wants to return to the cultural heritage of
history which has proven its superiority and goodness for human life.
c. Progressivism, this school believes that knowledge about this world is only
limited to how this world is experienced by humans and that is what science
(science) can reach for all of us.
d. Critical pedagogy, one of the main elements of this school is the necessity to
view schools as a democratic public space. The school is dedicated to shaping
self and social empowerment.
e. Existentialism, is one of the characteristics of 20th century philosophical
thought which longs for a very large human autonomy and freedom to
actualize himself.
