Targeted Medical-Surgical: Endocrine
Exam latest 2022
A nurse is teaching a client who has diabetes mellitus about insulin
injections. The client's prescription includes evening doses of insulin glargine
and regular insulin. Which of the following instructions should the nurse
include? - ANSWER Draw up the insulins into separate syringes.
The nurse should instruct the client to draw up the insulins into separate
syringes because insulin glargine is not compatible with other insulins.
A nurse is planning teaching for a client who has type 1 diabetes mellitus.
Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? - ANSWER
Ingest alcohol with food to reduce alcohol-induced hypoglycemia.
Alcohol inhibits the liver from producing glucose. Consuming carbohydrates
while drinking alcoholic beverages helps prevent hypoglycemia.
A nurse is caring for a client who has a pheochromocytoma. Which of the
following actions should the nurse take? - ANSWER Elevate the head of the
client's bed.
The nurse should elevate the head of the client's bed to reduce blood
pressure and abdominal pressure.
A nurse has administered propranolol by IV bolus to a client who is having a
thyroid storm. Which of the following findings indicates that the client is
having a therapeutic response? - ANSWER Reduction of the effects of thyroid
hormone on the heart
Propranolol is a beta2-adrenergic blocking agent that decreases the rapid
heart rate that excessive thyroid stimulation causes.
A nurse is monitoring a client's status 24 hours after a total thyroidectomy.
Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider? -
ANSWER Laryngeal stridor
Laryngeal stridor is a harsh, high-pitched sound with inspiration that
indicates respiratory obstruction. The nurse should take immediate action to
preserve the client's airway.
A nurse is teaching a client who has an autoimmune disease about the
adverse effects of long-term corticosteroid therapy. Which of the following
effects should the nurse include? (select all that apply) - ANSWER
Osteoporosis is correct. Osteoporosis is an adverse effect of long-term
corticosteroid therapy due to the suppression of bone formation and the
acceleration of bone resorption that corticosteroid therapy can cause.
Moon-shaped face is correct. Long-term corticosteroid therapy causes
characteristics of iatrogenic Cushing's syndrome, including a moon-shaped
face, a potbelly, and a buffalo hump.
, Targeted Medical-Surgical: Endocrine
Exam latest 2022
Increased risk of infection is correct. Increased risk of infection is an
adverse effect of long-term corticosteroid therapy due to suppression of
the immune system. It reduces the phagocytic actions of macrophages
and neutrophils, thus increasing the risk of infection.
Hearing loss is incorrect. Long-term corticosteroid therapy can cause
cataracts and glaucoma, but it does not cause hearing loss.
Weight loss is incorrect. Long-term corticosteroid therapy is more likely to
cause weight gain due to the fluid and sodium retention these medications
cause.
A nurse is caring for a client who has type 2 diabetes melliltus and has
hyperglycemic- hyperosmolar state (HHS). Which of the following
laboratory findings should the nurse expect? - ANSWER Serum pH of 7.45
A client who has HHS produces enough insulin to prevent ketosis, but not
enough to prevent hyperglycemia. Therefore, the serum pH is within the
expected reference range. Glucose levels will be above 600 mg/dL.
To screen a client for pheochromocytoma, a nurse schedules a
vanillylmandelic acid test. When teaching the client about this test, which of
the following instructions should the nurse include? - ANSWER "Restrict
coffee intake 2 to 3 days prior to the test."
The client should avoid coffee and tea (even if they are decaffeinated),
bananas, chocolate, and vanilla for 2 to 3 days prior to the test.
A nurse in an outpatient clinic is teaching a client who has a diabetic foot
ulcer about foot care. Which of the following statements should the nurse
identify as an indication that the client understands the teaching? - ANSWER
"I will apply lotion to the dry areas of my feet, but not between my toes."
Lotion can be used for dry areas of the feet, but the client should avoid
applying lotion between the toes, as this area is prone to bacterial growth.
A nurse is teaching a client who has diabetes mellitus. Which of the following
should the nurse include as an expected finding of diabetic ketoacidosis
(DKA)? - ANSWER Blood glucose levels above 300 mg/dL
Blood glucose levels above 300 mg/dL are an expected finding with DKA.
Levels above 600 mg/dL are an expected finding with hyperglycemic-
hyperosmolar state.
A nurse is admitting a client who has hyperthyroidism. When assessing the
client, the nurse should expect which of the following findings? - ANSWER
Tremors
Exam latest 2022
A nurse is teaching a client who has diabetes mellitus about insulin
injections. The client's prescription includes evening doses of insulin glargine
and regular insulin. Which of the following instructions should the nurse
include? - ANSWER Draw up the insulins into separate syringes.
The nurse should instruct the client to draw up the insulins into separate
syringes because insulin glargine is not compatible with other insulins.
A nurse is planning teaching for a client who has type 1 diabetes mellitus.
Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? - ANSWER
Ingest alcohol with food to reduce alcohol-induced hypoglycemia.
Alcohol inhibits the liver from producing glucose. Consuming carbohydrates
while drinking alcoholic beverages helps prevent hypoglycemia.
A nurse is caring for a client who has a pheochromocytoma. Which of the
following actions should the nurse take? - ANSWER Elevate the head of the
client's bed.
The nurse should elevate the head of the client's bed to reduce blood
pressure and abdominal pressure.
A nurse has administered propranolol by IV bolus to a client who is having a
thyroid storm. Which of the following findings indicates that the client is
having a therapeutic response? - ANSWER Reduction of the effects of thyroid
hormone on the heart
Propranolol is a beta2-adrenergic blocking agent that decreases the rapid
heart rate that excessive thyroid stimulation causes.
A nurse is monitoring a client's status 24 hours after a total thyroidectomy.
Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider? -
ANSWER Laryngeal stridor
Laryngeal stridor is a harsh, high-pitched sound with inspiration that
indicates respiratory obstruction. The nurse should take immediate action to
preserve the client's airway.
A nurse is teaching a client who has an autoimmune disease about the
adverse effects of long-term corticosteroid therapy. Which of the following
effects should the nurse include? (select all that apply) - ANSWER
Osteoporosis is correct. Osteoporosis is an adverse effect of long-term
corticosteroid therapy due to the suppression of bone formation and the
acceleration of bone resorption that corticosteroid therapy can cause.
Moon-shaped face is correct. Long-term corticosteroid therapy causes
characteristics of iatrogenic Cushing's syndrome, including a moon-shaped
face, a potbelly, and a buffalo hump.
, Targeted Medical-Surgical: Endocrine
Exam latest 2022
Increased risk of infection is correct. Increased risk of infection is an
adverse effect of long-term corticosteroid therapy due to suppression of
the immune system. It reduces the phagocytic actions of macrophages
and neutrophils, thus increasing the risk of infection.
Hearing loss is incorrect. Long-term corticosteroid therapy can cause
cataracts and glaucoma, but it does not cause hearing loss.
Weight loss is incorrect. Long-term corticosteroid therapy is more likely to
cause weight gain due to the fluid and sodium retention these medications
cause.
A nurse is caring for a client who has type 2 diabetes melliltus and has
hyperglycemic- hyperosmolar state (HHS). Which of the following
laboratory findings should the nurse expect? - ANSWER Serum pH of 7.45
A client who has HHS produces enough insulin to prevent ketosis, but not
enough to prevent hyperglycemia. Therefore, the serum pH is within the
expected reference range. Glucose levels will be above 600 mg/dL.
To screen a client for pheochromocytoma, a nurse schedules a
vanillylmandelic acid test. When teaching the client about this test, which of
the following instructions should the nurse include? - ANSWER "Restrict
coffee intake 2 to 3 days prior to the test."
The client should avoid coffee and tea (even if they are decaffeinated),
bananas, chocolate, and vanilla for 2 to 3 days prior to the test.
A nurse in an outpatient clinic is teaching a client who has a diabetic foot
ulcer about foot care. Which of the following statements should the nurse
identify as an indication that the client understands the teaching? - ANSWER
"I will apply lotion to the dry areas of my feet, but not between my toes."
Lotion can be used for dry areas of the feet, but the client should avoid
applying lotion between the toes, as this area is prone to bacterial growth.
A nurse is teaching a client who has diabetes mellitus. Which of the following
should the nurse include as an expected finding of diabetic ketoacidosis
(DKA)? - ANSWER Blood glucose levels above 300 mg/dL
Blood glucose levels above 300 mg/dL are an expected finding with DKA.
Levels above 600 mg/dL are an expected finding with hyperglycemic-
hyperosmolar state.
A nurse is admitting a client who has hyperthyroidism. When assessing the
client, the nurse should expect which of the following findings? - ANSWER
Tremors
