Summary Lipid notes for MATSEC A-level Biology

lipids
USTS:

Major source of energy for animals.

used to store energy, eg: adiposetissue;also insulates the body and protects organs from injury
used for waterproofing, eg:oil which coatthe feathers aquatic birds
of


make up membranes cells and mitochondria
of




triglycerides


Ranacal
# acid
corpourinaropnoniionotaiedelane to




H
large amount



⑧
ester



H
at and toone
bond


H H H H



↓
1 I 111 1
H-c-0-c- c -


c- c
-



c -


CH -




1|
↓bi
1
H H W
I
H 0H H H H H



3 orrrlrNN
OH
p-
-




1 1I
condensation
H OH 2 2 c c c C H H ( 0 c C C L Cc H
-




+
p + 3H28
- - -




drolusic
-
-
- - - - - -
- - - -




A H vii
↓
H or)
p-
-




(lipase)
H
HHHH
⑧
11
H -

c -
0
-
C -



2 -

C -


C
-

c
-


C -

H

↓ ↓iiiH
Functions:

energy storage Saturated:usually fats atRT; linked to heartdisease

thermal insulator

mechanical protection for organs. unsaturated usually oils atRT; less likely to
cause fatty deposits in arteries.

provide buoyancy and waterprooting for aquatic animals.




phospholipids
O
hydrophilic polarphosphate head
Essential components ofcell membranes.

hydrophobic / non-polar



3)
composed of: acid
fatty tails

glucerol
phosphate head (hydrophilic)
a fatty acid tails (hydrophobic).