CH,0H
I O
monosaccharides aroun
H0
I
H
OH
B
H
OH
I
↑
H
↓ ↓
H OH
glUCOst (CoHi200) is a nexuse sugar. Other monosaccharides include galactose and frUCTOI.
CH2 0L1 CH2 0L1 ↓ ↓
CHIOH
!
↑v
o H 0 OH 04
↳Tvm
- -
⑧
H
11 1
HO
HOrP
I I br
40!dto
&
H H
OH H HO
H
I I I ↓
↓ ↓
or HO H
OH
H
OH OH
X-glucose B -glucose
Monolaccharides are soluble in water as they have a
large number ofhydroxyl groups (- or) which can form H-bonds with water molecules.
They are hydrophilic.
Ribose is a pentose sugar, a componento fnucleic acid.
aluceral delude is a triose, used in metabolic reactions
disaccharides
CH2 0L1 CH = 0r1 CH2 0L1 CH2 0L1
<Tv Yv
on OH H
qy/ a
H
1
- - -
Y 11
(d,
condensation |
-> + H =0
+
n n H
n
I I udvolusis I ! I
↓ ↓ no!
or HO or or
inglucosidic
bond
OH OH OH on
X- glucose a -glucose maltose
glucose fructose
->
sucrose
glucose galactose
-
+
lactose
polysaccharides
Ifa sell contains a
large amountofglucose, water can more into the cell by osmosis, so plants store glucose as starch.
starch consists oftwo molecules:
prize.0 0 0 0 1a0 0 0 0 0 58 -80 28 8 2 8 870
amulost
unbranched polymer ofa glucose, joined by 1,4-glucosidic bonds
it bonds form between glucose molecules along the chain, forming a helix compacts.
when glucose is needed, hydrolysis takes break
place to glucosidic bonds.
camulopectiv
·branched polymer ofa alucose joined by 1,4-glucosidic bonds. Branches
2 ** (
80.3820acoapoo
starch in relation to its function: I
amylose is compact;stores a lotofglucose for its size
insoluble in water; does notcause move into cell
water to by osmosis
amulose and amulopectin are too large to move outo fthe cell membrane
enzumes are used to break glucosidic bonds in starch by hydrolysis when glucose is needed. Enzymes atthe
act ends of
molecules. Amylopectin is branched so has a
large number ofends which can be hydrolysed.
Alucogen
glucose found in animals, mainly in the river and muscle cells.
Insoluble store of
·polymer ofa glucose joined by 1,4-glycosidic bonds, branches joined by 1,6-glucosidic bonds
More branched than amulopectin;enzymes can hydrolyte glycogen into glucose more rapidly as animals have a high rate of
respiration and energy demands animals
of can changerapidly.
I O
monosaccharides aroun
H0
I
H
OH
B
H
OH
I
↑
H
↓ ↓
H OH
glUCOst (CoHi200) is a nexuse sugar. Other monosaccharides include galactose and frUCTOI.
CH2 0L1 CH2 0L1 ↓ ↓
CHIOH
!
↑v
o H 0 OH 04
↳Tvm
- -
⑧
H
11 1
HO
HOrP
I I br
40!dto
&
H H
OH H HO
H
I I I ↓
↓ ↓
or HO H
OH
H
OH OH
X-glucose B -glucose
Monolaccharides are soluble in water as they have a
large number ofhydroxyl groups (- or) which can form H-bonds with water molecules.
They are hydrophilic.
Ribose is a pentose sugar, a componento fnucleic acid.
aluceral delude is a triose, used in metabolic reactions
disaccharides
CH2 0L1 CH = 0r1 CH2 0L1 CH2 0L1
<Tv Yv
on OH H
qy/ a
H
1
- - -
Y 11
(d,
condensation |
-> + H =0
+
n n H
n
I I udvolusis I ! I
↓ ↓ no!
or HO or or
inglucosidic
bond
OH OH OH on
X- glucose a -glucose maltose
glucose fructose
->
sucrose
glucose galactose
-
+
lactose
polysaccharides
Ifa sell contains a
large amountofglucose, water can more into the cell by osmosis, so plants store glucose as starch.
starch consists oftwo molecules:
prize.0 0 0 0 1a0 0 0 0 0 58 -80 28 8 2 8 870
amulost
unbranched polymer ofa glucose, joined by 1,4-glucosidic bonds
it bonds form between glucose molecules along the chain, forming a helix compacts.
when glucose is needed, hydrolysis takes break
place to glucosidic bonds.
camulopectiv
·branched polymer ofa alucose joined by 1,4-glucosidic bonds. Branches
2 ** (
80.3820acoapoo
starch in relation to its function: I
amylose is compact;stores a lotofglucose for its size
insoluble in water; does notcause move into cell
water to by osmosis
amulose and amulopectin are too large to move outo fthe cell membrane
enzumes are used to break glucosidic bonds in starch by hydrolysis when glucose is needed. Enzymes atthe
act ends of
molecules. Amylopectin is branched so has a
large number ofends which can be hydrolysed.
Alucogen
glucose found in animals, mainly in the river and muscle cells.
Insoluble store of
·polymer ofa glucose joined by 1,4-glycosidic bonds, branches joined by 1,6-glucosidic bonds
More branched than amulopectin;enzymes can hydrolyte glycogen into glucose more rapidly as animals have a high rate of
respiration and energy demands animals
of can changerapidly.
