NR 509 APEA EXAM – RANDOM. QUESTION AND ANSWERS WITH EXPLANATIONS.

NR 509 APEA EXAM – RANDOM. QUESTION
AND ANSWERS WITH EXPLANATIONS.


Question 1

A transient ischemic attack is:



A. a transient episode of neurologic dysfunction by focal brain, spinal cord, or
retinal ischemia, without acute infarction.
B. an infarction of the central nervous system tissue that may be silent or symptomatic.
C. the abrupt onset of motor or sensory deficits.
D. focal or asymmetric weaknesses caused by central and peripheral nerve damage.



Explanation:

TIA is now defined as “a transient episode of neurological dysfunction caused by focal
brain, spinal cord, or retinal ischemia, without acute infarction.” Ischemic stroke is “an
infarction of central nervous system tissue” that may be symptomatic or silent. The other
terms are not related to the new definitions.



Question 2

A patient is asked to visually follow a finger through the cardinal fields of gaze. Which
cranial nerves are being assessed?



A. III,
B. IVIII,
C. IV
, D.
VI
E. V,
F. VI,


NR 509 APEA EXAM – RANDOM. QUESTION
AND ANSWERS WITH EXPLANATIONS.

, NR 509 APEA EXAM – RANDOM. QUESTION
AND ANSWERS WITH EXPLANATIONS.
G. VII




NR 509 APEA EXAM – RANDOM. QUESTION
AND ANSWERS WITH EXPLANATIONS.

, NR 509 APEA EXAM – RANDOM. QUESTION
AND ANSWERS WITH EXPLANATIONS.

Explanation:

Visually following a finger through the cardinal fields of gaze is one way to assess the
oculomotor (CN III), trochlear (CN IV) and abducens (CN VI) nerves. CN I is the olfactory
nerve and assesses smell. CN II is the optic nerve and assesses visual acuity. CN V is the
trigeminal nerve and assesses both sensory and motor functions.



Question 3

Uncontrolled electrical activity in the brain, which may produce minor physical signs,
thought disturbances, or disturbed motor activity is:



A. dystonia.
B. bradykinesia.
C. tremor.
D. seizure.



Explanation:

A seizure is an uncontrolled electrical activity in the brain which may produce minor
physical signs, thought disturbances, or disturbed motor activity, or a combination of
symptoms. Dystonia is a neurological disorder that causes involuntary muscle spasms and
twisting of the limbs. Bradykinesia is the term used to describe the impaired ability to
adjust to one's body position. This symptom is noted in patients who have Parkinson's
disease. A rhythmic oscillatory movement of a body part resulting from the contraction of
opposing muscle groups is a tremor.



Question 4

When evaluating the sensory system, testing the posterior columns tract would include
assessing sensations of:

NR 509 APEA EXAM – RANDOM. QUESTION
AND ANSWERS WITH EXPLANATIONS.

, NR 509 APEA EXAM – RANDOM. QUESTION
AND ANSWERS WITH EXPLANATIONS.


A. position and vibration.
B. pain and temperature.
C. deep touch. Incorrect
D. discriminative sensations.



Explanation:

When evaluating the sensory system, testing the spinothalamic tracts would include
assessing sensations of pain and temperature. Assessing position and vibration evaluate
the posterior columns. Light touch assesses both the spinothalamic and posterior column
tracts. To assess discriminative sensation, both the spinothalamic and posterior columns
tracts as well as the cortex would be assessed.



Question 5

Physical exam of a well two-week-old infant reveals a little dimple with a small amount of
hair just above the sacral area. This could be:



A. an unusual finding but within normal limits.
B. hirsutism.
C. Arnold -Chiari
malformation. D. spina bifida
occulta.



Explanation:

There are four types of spina bifida: occulta, closed neural tube defects, meningocele, and
myelomeningocele. Occulta is the mildest and most common form in which one or more
vertebrae are malformed. The name “occulta,” which means “hidden,” indicates that a layer


NR 509 APEA EXAM – RANDOM. QUESTION
AND ANSWERS WITH EXPLANATIONS.