BIOS 251 Class One Assignment , BIOS251 : Anatomy and Physiology I: Chamberlain College of Nursing

BIOS 251 Class One Assignment , BIOS251 : Anatomy and Physiology I: Chamberlain College of Nursing BIOS 251 Class One Assignment Student: __________________________________ Date:_______________________________ 1. If the atomic number of an element is 9 and the mass number is 19, how many neutrons does the atom have? A. 19 B. 28 C. 9 D. 10 2. DNA A. is important in building carbohydrates. B. is important in building fats. C. helps synthesize nucleic acids. D. provides cellular energy. E. stores genetic information. 3. An enzyme is a ____. A. fat that speeds up chemical reactions without being changed or depleted B. protein that inhibits chemical reactions by being changed or depleted C. protein that speeds up chemical reactions without being changed or depleted D. protein that functions as a hormone E. fibrous protein that is part of certain tissues in the body 4. The subunit molecules for proteins are A. amino acids. B. enzymes. C. polymers. D. atoms. 5. The number of ________ determines the identity of an element. A. protons plus electrons B. electrons C. protons D. neutrons plus protons E. neutrons 6. Glycogen is stored in the liver and ______. A. spleen B. heart C. toenails D. skeletal muscles E. pancreas 7. Sodium, which has an atomic number of 11, will react with chlorine, which has an atomic number of 17. When these two atoms react, both become stable. To become stable, sodium will ____________, while chlorine will ____________. A. share one electron with chlorine; share one electron with sodium B. become an anion; become a cation C. give up one electron; accept one electron D. accept one electron; give up one electron E. give up one proton; accept one proton 8. Substances that are water-loving are called A. hydrophilic. B. hydrophobic. C. hydrophoric. D. hydrochromic. 9. The symbol for the element calcium is__________. A. Cl B. Cu C. C D. Ca E. Cm 10. A substance that can take up hydrogen ions or release hydroxide ions in water is a(an) A. acid. B. base. C. salt. D. protein. 11. What is the medial border of the highlighted region called? A. Midclavicular plane B. Midinguinal plane C. Subcostal plane D. Transtubercular plane 12. What is the name of the highlighted organ? A. Small intestine B. Stomach C. Large intestine D. Liver 13. What is involved in the formation of chemical bonds? A. neutrons B. valence electrons C. protons D. subatomic particles E. moles 14. Organic molecules ____, whereas inorganic molecules ____. A. are sprinkled on organically-grown foods; are removed from foods B. are small; are very large C. do not contain carbon; do contain carbon D. contain carbon; do not dissolve in water E. contain carbon; do not contain carbon 15. Enzymes are specific to substrates because of the shape of their A. active sites. B. alpha chain. C. secondary structure. D. terminal amino acids. E. receptors. 16. DNA and RNA differ in that A. RNA has deoxyribose and DNA has ribose. B. DNA holds genetic information and RNA uses that information to synthesize protein C. RNA is double-stranded and DNA is single-stranded. D. DNA is found in males and RNA is found in females. E. RNA holds genetic information and DNA uses that information to synthesize protein 17. Steroids differ in structure from other lipids in that they have a backbone of A. four fused carbon rings. B. branched chains of carbons. C. saturated carbon chains. D. unsaturated carbon chains. 18. The atoms of the isotopes of a particular element vary in the number of A. electrons. B. molecules. C. protons. D. neutrons. E. nuclei. 19. This figure shows the DNA structure. What does "D" represent? A. peptide bonds B. a nucleotide C. hydrogen bonds D. polar bonds E. a fragment of the sugar-phosphate backbone 20. A simple carbohydrate A. consists of several joined chains. B. is a building block of protein. C. has a molecular formula of C6H12O6. D. has only one nucleotide. E. is a building block of fat. 21. What is the name of the highlighted organ? A. Liver B. Adrenal gland C. Kidney D. Spleen 22. Which of the following substances account for more than 95% of the human body? A. Carbon, calcium, nitrogen, hydrogen B. Calcium, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen C. Carbon, phosphorus, oxygen, hydrogen D. Calcium, phosphorus, hydrogen, nitrogen E. Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen 23. What is the name of the highlighted body plane? A. Transverse plane B. Horizontal plane C. Cross-section D. All of the above 24. Compounds that form ions when put into water are called A. solvents. B. suspensions. C. mixtures. D. electrolytes. 25. What is the end product of glycolysis during aerobic conditions? A. ADP B. Pyruvate C. Lactic acid D. Carbon dioxide 26. How many valence electrons does a carbon atom have? A. 6 B. 4 C. 1 D. 2 E. 3 27. The symbol for the element potassium is__________. A. P B. Pa C. K D. Po E. Pt 28. What is the name of the highlighted body cavity? A. Vertebral cavity B. Cranial cavity C. Dorsal body cavity D. Head cavity 29. The symbol for the element iron is__________. A. Ag B. Fe C. Ir D. I E. In 30. What type of bonding involves the unequal sharing of electrons? A. Hydrogen bonding B. Polar covalent bonding C. Ionic bonding D. Nonpolar covalent bonding 31. Which of the following lists best illustrates the idea of increasing levels of complexity? A. Tissues, cells, organs, organelles, organ systems B. Cells, tissues, organelles, organs, organ systems C. Organs, organelles, organ systems, cells, tissues D. Organelles, cells, tissues, organs, organ systems E. Cells, organelles, organs, tissues 32. What is the classification of the muscles shown? A. Axial muscles B. Rectus muscles C. Appendicular muscles D. Oblique muscles 33. An ion is an atom or molecule that A. is in a gaseous state. B. carries an electrical charge. C. is attracted to a north-seeking pole. D. forms a visible glow. 34. Which arrow in the following equation represents dehydration? A. Arrow 2 B. Arrow 1 35. Chemicals that help keep body fluids within a normal pH range are called A. salts. B. buffers. C. bases. D. acids. 36. The lipid molecules that are the backbone of cell membranes are A. phospholipids. B. prostaglandins. C. steroids. D. triglycerides. 37. On the pH scale A. a tenfold difference in hydrogen ion concentration separates each whole number B. the lower the whole number on the scale, the greater the H+ concentration. C. pH values above 7 are basic. D. pH values below 7 are acidic. E. all of the above. 38. If a protein has more than one polypeptide arranged together, this is the ____ structure of a protein. A. quaternary B. primary C. secondary D. tertiary 39. Table sugar is a disaccharide called __________ and is made up of the monomer(s) __________. A. glucose; galactose and fructose B. maltose; glucose C. glycogen; glucose D. sucrose; glucose and fructose E. lactose; glucose and galactose 40. The pH of the blood is slightly basic. Which of the following describes this pH? A. 4.7 B. 7.4 C. 4.6 D. 6.4 41. A protein can denature when A. bonds between carbon and oxygen break. B. weak hydrogen bonds break. C. peptide bonds break. D. hydrogen bonds form. E. none of the above 42. When one atom has a stronger attraction for shared electrons in a bond than the other atom, a(an) ___________ covalent bond is formed. A. ionic B. nonpolar C. metallic D. polar 43. What is the name of the body position shown? A. Fetal position B. Prone C. Anatomical position D. Supine 44. When ATP breaks down to ADP, potential energy stored in bonds is released. This energy stored in bonds is __________ energy. A. kinetic B. electrical C. heat D. chemical E. electromagnetic 45. What direction is indicated in the image? A. Proximal B. Caudal C. Inferior D. Superior 46. Magnification is achieved in a compound microscope through the initial magnification of the specimen by the _____ lens. This image is then projected to the _____ lens that will further magnify the specimen to form a virtual image received by the eye. A. Ocular, objective B. Scanning, objective C. Objective, ocular D. Ocular, oil E. None of the choices are correct 47. Which of the following controls the amount of light entering the specimen? A. Objective lens B. Ocular lens C. Condenser D. Body E. Iris diaphragm 48. Which of the following will converge light rays to a single focal point on the specimen? A. Ocular lens B. Objective lens C. Iris diaphragm D. Condenser E. Nosepiece 49. The _____ of the microscope holds and allows selection of the objective lenses. A. Stage B. Condenser C. Objective D. Ocular E. Nosepiece 50. Electron microscopes differ from light microscopes in that A. electrons replace light. B. electromagnets replace glass lenses. C. resolution is higher. D. magnification is higher. E. All of the choices are correct.