HIST 1301 Test 1 2023 with complete solution

basic reason for the early, prolonged absence of humans in the western hemisphere is that north and south america had become detached from the gigantic continent of pangaea about 11,000 years ago the paleo-indians faced a major crisis the large animals they hunted had difficulty adapting to a warming climate the human sacrifices practiced by the mexica are said to have been on a scale unequaled in human history; to the mexica, human sacrifice was a normal and reasonable activity to demonstrate their religious devotion the northwest archaic peoples constructed large, multifamily cedar houses adorned with totems at cahokia, monk's mound likely served as a site for the ruling chief greatest similarity among the diverse cultures that inhabited north america at the dawn of european colonization was that each developed a distrinct culture because of specific adaptations made to their own local natural environment While it was unfortunate that the bubonic plague killed about a third of Europe's population, it was beneficial in that it eased pressure on food resources and created greater opportunities for advancement Portugal's early interest in exploration and expansion stemmed from a desire to expel Muslims from Europe and control the African trade for wheat and gold Columbus' first impression of the Tainos was that they would be good and intelligent servants If you were Martin Waldseemuller in 1500, you were among the very first to understand that the discoveries of columbus, balboa, and vespucci proved there was a continent which existed west of europe and east of asia Hernan Cortes was eventually able to defeat the Mexicans in 1521 by enlisting the help of tens of thousands of Indians allies who favored the destruction of the Aztecs The spanish introduced the encomienda as a way to reward conquistadors who claimed territory in the new world The lost colonists of Roanoke likely melded in with the indian population in the area The story of Pocahontas saving Captain John Smith from her father's death sentence was told to inform the reader about how inadequately englishmen understood indian rituals Relations between Jamestown colonists and Indians changed by 1622 because expansion of the settlement now encroached on indian land Richard Hakluyt, a strong proponent of colonization, argued that english colonies would provide a market for english goods and place for the unemployed If you wanted to be a highly profitable tobacco farmer in the 1600's in Virginia, the biggest obstacle you were likely to face was lack of workers Bacon's Rebellion erupted in 1676 as a dispute over indian policy, and it ended as a conflict between the planter elite and the small farmers It's important to study the economy and slave labor system of the Caribbean sugar islands because it helps us better understand the first major settlement of slaves and slave owners in Carolina Shift the seventeenth century virginia away from indentured servant labor was accompanied by using race as a dividing line among the poor Some historians believe that because of the effects of the Columbian exchange, the so-called discovery of America was the most important event in the history of the world Cortés' entry into Tenochtitlan was a unique moment in world history because __________. two incredible civilizations previously unknown to each other made contact Cabeza de Vaca differed from other Spanish conquistadores in the respect that he __________. appreciated the Indian world that he entered How did Spain benefit from settling Florida? The settlement protected Spanish ships from pirates. In the video clip Roanoke, The Lost Colony, Professor Karen Kupperman speculates that the "lost" colonists likely _____________. melded in with the Indian population in the area Relations between Jamestown colonists and Indians changed by 1622 because ____________. expansion of the settlement now encroached on Indian land When the first Africans arrived in Virginia, they were considered _____________. a source of labor In the 1600s, Virginia tobacco farmers confronted the major obstacle of ___________. too few workers Studying the economy and the slave labor system of the Caribbean sugar islands helps us better understand _____________. the first major settlement of slaves and slave owners in Carolina American Indians in the area of Plymouth colony signed a treaty of friendship with the Pilgrims because they _____________. sought allies against neighboring Indian tribes Puritans can be best described as _____________. earthy people trying to be holy In the video clip Witch Hunt, Professor John Demos states his opinion that the Salem witchcraft episode is comparable to the ______________. Red Scare of the 1940s and 1950s Prior to the Pilgrims' arrival in the New England area, American Indians in that region had ________________. suffered the effects of an epidemic Metacomet (King Philip) led a war against New England settlers in the 1670s because ______________. settlers continued to encroach upon Indian lands Compared to the colonies to the north and south, the population of New Netherland was ___________. diverse Ethnic groups sustained their identity in colonial New York by ______________. maintaining familiar language and religious