Anatomical Crown - Entire crown of tooth completely covered by enamel (erupted or not)
Anatomical Root - Entire root below the CEJ
Cementum - similar to bone and thickest at the apex
CEJ - irregularities cause calculus detection issues
Acellular - covers the anatomical root
Cellular - at the apex and can continually reproduce
Cementoblasts - Cells that form cementum
Clinical crown - Part of the crown seen superior to the gingival margin
Clinical Root - Unerupted part of the root below the gingival crest
Dentin –
-Largest portion of both root and crown
- 70% inorganic
- Forms even after tooth eruption
reparative dentin - response to trauma or caries; reduces sensitivity
Exposure - erosion, caries, toothbrush, abrasion, root planning
Exposed tubules - Increased sensitivity
Sclerotic dentin - in response to bacterial invasion
dentinoblast - A cell found on the pulpal side of the dentinoenamel junction, differentiated from an
odontoblast to form dentin
Enamel –
- a white, protective external surface layer of the anatomic crown ameloblasts
- 96 inorganic
- thickest at crown tips; thinnest at CEJ
Pulp –
1. Soft connective tissue, nerves, blood and lymph vessels
2. Produces odontoblast that form dentin
3. Nourishes tooth
4. Stimulus= pain
5. Pulp chamber in coronal portion= affected by age, function attrition, trauma
, 6. Pulp canal in root
7. Pulp stones are calcified and seen on x-ray
Line angle - separate 2 surfaces of teeth at the point where 2 junctions meet
Point angle - 3 surfaces meet
Lobes - crown growth centers (usually 4 or more)
Developmental grooves - when lobe fuse these are created
Fossae - Shallow depressions
Lingual Fossa - located on the lingual surface between the mesial and distal marginal ridges and must
incisal to the cingulum
Pit - pinpoint hole in fossa or groove
Cusp - Pyramidal elevation with a peak called a cusp tip
Ridges - linear prominences of enamel convergining toward the cusp tip run in a line; all cusps have 4
ridges (B, Li, M, D)
Marginal Ridges - rounded borders of enamel
Oblique ridges - only on maxillary molars, crosses the occlusal surface obliquely (diagonally) and is made
up of one ridge on the mesio-lingual cusp joining with the triangular ridge of disto-buccal cusp
Triangular ridges - extends from a cusp tip toward the depression (sulcus) near the middle of the
occlusal surface faciolingually most easily identified when viewing the proximal surface
Transverse Ridge - Triangular ridge from a buccal cusp joins with a triangular ridge from a lingual cusp,
these two ridges together form a longer ridge - a transverse ridge which crosses the occlusal surface of
posterior teeth in a more or less buccolingual direction
Cingulum - the prominence or bulge in the cervical third of the lingual surface of the crown (incisiors and
canines)
Root- to-crown ratio - root length divided by crown length
Occlusal Table - Occlusal surface that is bounded by the continuous cusp ridges and marginal ridges
Mamelons - 3 small bulges or tubercules on the incisal edges of newly erupted incisors
Perilcymata - numerous, minute horizontal ridges on the enamel of newly erupted permanent teeth
Occlusal sulcus - The broad V-shaped depression or valley on the occlusal surface of each posterior teeth
running mesiodistally between the buccal and lingual cusps
supplemental groove - small irregular (extra) grooves do not occur at the function of the lobes or major
portions of the tooth and do not occur at the same type, these grooves are normally between the buccal
and lingual cusps
Anatomical Root - Entire root below the CEJ
Cementum - similar to bone and thickest at the apex
CEJ - irregularities cause calculus detection issues
Acellular - covers the anatomical root
Cellular - at the apex and can continually reproduce
Cementoblasts - Cells that form cementum
Clinical crown - Part of the crown seen superior to the gingival margin
Clinical Root - Unerupted part of the root below the gingival crest
Dentin –
-Largest portion of both root and crown
- 70% inorganic
- Forms even after tooth eruption
reparative dentin - response to trauma or caries; reduces sensitivity
Exposure - erosion, caries, toothbrush, abrasion, root planning
Exposed tubules - Increased sensitivity
Sclerotic dentin - in response to bacterial invasion
dentinoblast - A cell found on the pulpal side of the dentinoenamel junction, differentiated from an
odontoblast to form dentin
Enamel –
- a white, protective external surface layer of the anatomic crown ameloblasts
- 96 inorganic
- thickest at crown tips; thinnest at CEJ
Pulp –
1. Soft connective tissue, nerves, blood and lymph vessels
2. Produces odontoblast that form dentin
3. Nourishes tooth
4. Stimulus= pain
5. Pulp chamber in coronal portion= affected by age, function attrition, trauma
, 6. Pulp canal in root
7. Pulp stones are calcified and seen on x-ray
Line angle - separate 2 surfaces of teeth at the point where 2 junctions meet
Point angle - 3 surfaces meet
Lobes - crown growth centers (usually 4 or more)
Developmental grooves - when lobe fuse these are created
Fossae - Shallow depressions
Lingual Fossa - located on the lingual surface between the mesial and distal marginal ridges and must
incisal to the cingulum
Pit - pinpoint hole in fossa or groove
Cusp - Pyramidal elevation with a peak called a cusp tip
Ridges - linear prominences of enamel convergining toward the cusp tip run in a line; all cusps have 4
ridges (B, Li, M, D)
Marginal Ridges - rounded borders of enamel
Oblique ridges - only on maxillary molars, crosses the occlusal surface obliquely (diagonally) and is made
up of one ridge on the mesio-lingual cusp joining with the triangular ridge of disto-buccal cusp
Triangular ridges - extends from a cusp tip toward the depression (sulcus) near the middle of the
occlusal surface faciolingually most easily identified when viewing the proximal surface
Transverse Ridge - Triangular ridge from a buccal cusp joins with a triangular ridge from a lingual cusp,
these two ridges together form a longer ridge - a transverse ridge which crosses the occlusal surface of
posterior teeth in a more or less buccolingual direction
Cingulum - the prominence or bulge in the cervical third of the lingual surface of the crown (incisiors and
canines)
Root- to-crown ratio - root length divided by crown length
Occlusal Table - Occlusal surface that is bounded by the continuous cusp ridges and marginal ridges
Mamelons - 3 small bulges or tubercules on the incisal edges of newly erupted incisors
Perilcymata - numerous, minute horizontal ridges on the enamel of newly erupted permanent teeth
Occlusal sulcus - The broad V-shaped depression or valley on the occlusal surface of each posterior teeth
running mesiodistally between the buccal and lingual cusps
supplemental groove - small irregular (extra) grooves do not occur at the function of the lobes or major
portions of the tooth and do not occur at the same type, these grooves are normally between the buccal
and lingual cusps
