Critical Care HESI Review 2023 with 100% verified questions and answers

cardiogenic shock and pulmonary edema, what position should you leave the patient to decrease venous return to the left ventricle? high fowlers with legs down when should you expect DIC? When blood is oozing at 2+ unexpected sites person with unrecognzed coronary artery dx with chest pain lasting more than 2 min should do what? go to the emergency how to adminster inhaler? shake it slowly exhale prior administration hold breath for 5-10 seconds inhale slowly while pressing down on inhaler what should you monitor for if you use ACE + allupurinol together? otoxoicty how do you prevent neuorgenic shock? elevate the HOB 20 Crohn's disease can affect the absroption of what vitamin? vitamin K pneumothorax would be hyperresonance or dullness? what about actelasis ? pneumothorax is hyperresonance atctelasis is dullness sx of aortic dissection? chest pain interarm pressure difference distatole murmur go to emergency surgery sx of tension pneomothorax decreased cardiac output (tachycardia, hypotension), hyperresonance on percussion, and a tracheal shift away from the affected side. OD in aspirin, what do you do? gastric lavage/ emetic with activated charcoal how do you treat an eye contusion? ice thrombolytic therapy is cxn for what sx/ patients AAA stroke high HTN how deep and fast should compressions be in CPR? 2 inches/ 5cm deep 100 compressions/ min 30 compressions w/ 2 rescue breaths (1sec each) when should your treat acidosis with bicarbonate? when it is hyperkalema, overdose is tricyclic antidepressants or preexisting metabolic acidosis (NOT RESP ALKALOSIS) if there is two rescuers, what should the chest/ breath ratio be? 15 compressions, 2 breaths how should you approach someone who is obese/ preg when choking? do CHEST thrusions how do approach an infant with a foreign object? 5 backflows with 5 chest thrusts how much CD4 is consider aids? less than 200 what are the sx of Kaposi Sarcoma (opportunistic infection from HIV) purple blue leisons on the skin what is use to treat HIV + moms? Zidovadine how should your clean soiled surfaces from HIV child? wearing gloves and clean with 1:10 bleach and water what meds do you take with meals? Predinsone Nsaids oral DM Ritalin Tegetrol what meds do you take on an empty stomach? digoxin synthroid biphosphonates iron what meds need another form of BC when you are taking them? Penicillin Tetracyline Anti TB meds (RIPE) what are the TB meds? Rifampin Isonizoid Ethambutol Pyrozimide what type of drugs should you avoid grapefruit? -statin drugs used to treat cholesterol such as Lipitor and Simvastin what types of patients cannot take Mag supplements or Milk of Mag? kidney patients what drug is the antidote for acetaminophen? acetylcysteine (used for asthma) what is the antidote for beta blockers? glucagon what is the antidote for benzos? flumazenil (anexate) what are the contraindications for NTG? vasodilators like Viagra or Tadalafil(Cialis) side effects of calcium channel blockers? gingivitis side effects of ACE inhibitors? hyperkalemia , dry cough, angioedema PTT therapeutic range for heparin 30-80 seconds PT therapeutic range for Coumadin 15-25 seconds what are the thrombolytic antidote? (Streptokinase and Altepase) amniocaproiric acid how long can you palpate a carotid pulse? 10 seconds max to recognize arrhythmia or bradycardia after you call for help, what do you do? check carotid pulse for adults/ children branchial pulse for infants what electrolytes should you monitor for blood transfusions? high K and low Ca what type of gauge is needed for a blood transfusion 19 guage before surgery how long can they be on a clear liquid diet? 6 hours prior surgery when does patient need to be NPO? after midnight when does the consent need to be signed? 24 hours of treatment, prior medications that affect cognition