AMINO ACIDS
(CLASSIFICATION, METABOLISM &
AMMONIA TOXICITY)
I. Classification:
Essential Non-Essential (Humans
(Required in Diet)
can produce these)
• Histidine
• Tyrosine
• Arginine Basic • Glutamine
• Lysine • Aspargine
Acidic
• Glumtamic Acid
• Tryptophan
• Aspartic Acid
• Threonine
• Proline Imino Acid
• Valine
• Alanine
• Isoleucine • Serine
• Leucine • Glycine
• Cysteine
• Methionine
• Phenylalanine
,Chapter 1
II. Amino Acid Metabolism:
Phenylalanine &
Tyrosine
Transaminase
Tyrosine p-OH Phenyl
Pyruvate
Hydroxylase
Hydroxylase
BH4
NADPH
Phenylalanine
Homogenistae
Oxidase
Gives Fat or Ketone
Bodies 4-Malyl Acetoacetate
Isomerase
Acetoacetate
Hydrolase 4-Fumaryl Acetoacetate
Fumarate
TCA Cycle
, Amino Acids
Specialised Products of Phenylalanine &
Tyrosine Metabolism:
1. Dopamine, Norepinephrine, &
Epinephrine:
Hydroxylase
Tyrosine DOPA
BH4
Decarboxylase
Dopamine
Hydroxylase
Norepinephrine
S-Adenosyl Methyl
Methionine Transferase
Epinephrine