PATHO 370 TEST 4 EXAM QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS 2022 UPDATE
D. D. is a 66 year-old female suffering from shortness of breath. She smoked 2 packs a day until
she quit 2 years ago. She has a history of bronchiolitis, hyperinflated lungs, pulmonary edema,
and syncope. Her primary care practitioner suspects she also has pulmonary hypertension (PH).
After examination, D. D. has a PAP of 35mmHg and mild CHF.
Citing scholarly resources, answer the following questions:
1. What is pulmonary hypertension and how could D. D. have developed PH?
In healthy lungs, there is a low arterial resistance and venous resistance, so that
contributes to the fact that the left side of the heart is much stronger. Pulmonary
Hypertension is caused by an increase in blood pressure in the pulmonary arteries to the
lungs. The heart is working much harder than it should to get the blood to the lungs. D.D.
most likely developed this issue because of her consistent smoking habit.
2. How does her history fit in with her new diagnosis?
Her history of smoking has lent a heavy hand in all of her prior illnesses. For example,
the chemicals inhaled by smoking has damaged the membranous layer of her layer,
which is how fluid is entering her lungs, causing pulmonary edema. All of these illnesses
combined are making it harder for her heart and lungs to do their job properly which is
why she now has pulmonary hypertension.
3. What are the three types of bronchodilators, and how do they function to alleviate the
symptoms of COPD? What are other possible treatments for COPD?
The three types are Beta-adrenergic agonists, anticholinergics, and methylxanthines. The
Beta-agonists bind to receptors in the lung and block the trigger to the spasms, allowing
the airways to remain open. They can be taken orally or via MDI. Anticholinergics
block acetylcholine production, which in turn stop the spasms. These are inhaled. The
last type, methylxanthines, are the last resort type of drug. They also alleviate airflow
obstruction. Corticosteriods, antibiotics, and even opioids can also be used to treat
COPD.
Leader, D. (2018) Types of Bronchodilators Used to Treat COPD.
VeryWellHealth. https://www.verywellhealth.com/bronchodilators-in-the-
treatment-of-copd-914846
Question 1
PATHO 370 TEST 4 EXAM QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS 2022 UPDATE
,PATHO 370 TEST 4 EXAM QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS 2022 UPDATE
0.125 out of 0.125 points
PATHO 370 TEST 4 EXAM QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS 2022 UPDATE
,PATHO 370 TEST 4 EXAM QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS 2022 UPDATE
What form of oral rehydration, bottled water or salty broth, is best suited for a patient
who is demonstrating signs of clinical dehydration?
Selected
Answer: a. Salty soup, because it will provide some sodium to help hold
the fluid in his blood vessels and interstitial fluid
Correct
Answer: a. Salty soup, because it will provide some sodium to help hold
the fluid in his blood vessels and interstitial fluid
Response
Feedback: This man has indicators of clinical dehydration and he needs salt to
hold the water in his extracellular compartment. Replacing fluids
and electrolytes is more important than meeting his nutritional needs
now.
Question 2
0.125 out of 0.125 points
After evaluation, a child’s asthma is characterized as “extrinsic.” This means that the
asthma is
Selected Answer: d. associated with specific allergic triggers.
Correct Answer: d. associated with specific allergic triggers.
Response Extrinsic asthma is also referred to as allergic asthma, which is
Feedback: triggered by antigens. The underlying pathogenesis of extrinsic
asthma is an allergic in nature. Intrinsic asthma is associated with
respiratory infections. Intrinsic asthma is associated with
psychological factors.
Question 3
0 out of 0.125 points
A known cause of hypokalemia is
Selected Answer: c. pancreatitis.
Correct Answer: a. insulin overdose.
Response Insulin overdose causes hypokalemia by shifting potassium into cells.
Feedback: Oliguric renal failure decreases electrolyte excretion. Pancreatitis
PATHO 370 TEST 4 EXAM QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS 2022 UPDATE
, PATHO 370 TEST 4 EXAM QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS 2022 UPDATE
causes fat
malabsorpt
ion, which
binds
calcium
and
magnesium
, but not
potassium,
in the
gastrointest
inal tract.
Hyperparat
hyroidism
PATHO 370 TEST 4 EXAM QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS 2022 UPDATE
SOLUTIONS 2022 UPDATE
D. D. is a 66 year-old female suffering from shortness of breath. She smoked 2 packs a day until
she quit 2 years ago. She has a history of bronchiolitis, hyperinflated lungs, pulmonary edema,
and syncope. Her primary care practitioner suspects she also has pulmonary hypertension (PH).
After examination, D. D. has a PAP of 35mmHg and mild CHF.
Citing scholarly resources, answer the following questions:
1. What is pulmonary hypertension and how could D. D. have developed PH?
In healthy lungs, there is a low arterial resistance and venous resistance, so that
contributes to the fact that the left side of the heart is much stronger. Pulmonary
Hypertension is caused by an increase in blood pressure in the pulmonary arteries to the
lungs. The heart is working much harder than it should to get the blood to the lungs. D.D.
most likely developed this issue because of her consistent smoking habit.
2. How does her history fit in with her new diagnosis?
Her history of smoking has lent a heavy hand in all of her prior illnesses. For example,
the chemicals inhaled by smoking has damaged the membranous layer of her layer,
which is how fluid is entering her lungs, causing pulmonary edema. All of these illnesses
combined are making it harder for her heart and lungs to do their job properly which is
why she now has pulmonary hypertension.
3. What are the three types of bronchodilators, and how do they function to alleviate the
symptoms of COPD? What are other possible treatments for COPD?
The three types are Beta-adrenergic agonists, anticholinergics, and methylxanthines. The
Beta-agonists bind to receptors in the lung and block the trigger to the spasms, allowing
the airways to remain open. They can be taken orally or via MDI. Anticholinergics
block acetylcholine production, which in turn stop the spasms. These are inhaled. The
last type, methylxanthines, are the last resort type of drug. They also alleviate airflow
obstruction. Corticosteriods, antibiotics, and even opioids can also be used to treat
COPD.
Leader, D. (2018) Types of Bronchodilators Used to Treat COPD.
VeryWellHealth. https://www.verywellhealth.com/bronchodilators-in-the-
treatment-of-copd-914846
Question 1
PATHO 370 TEST 4 EXAM QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS 2022 UPDATE
,PATHO 370 TEST 4 EXAM QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS 2022 UPDATE
0.125 out of 0.125 points
PATHO 370 TEST 4 EXAM QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS 2022 UPDATE
,PATHO 370 TEST 4 EXAM QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS 2022 UPDATE
What form of oral rehydration, bottled water or salty broth, is best suited for a patient
who is demonstrating signs of clinical dehydration?
Selected
Answer: a. Salty soup, because it will provide some sodium to help hold
the fluid in his blood vessels and interstitial fluid
Correct
Answer: a. Salty soup, because it will provide some sodium to help hold
the fluid in his blood vessels and interstitial fluid
Response
Feedback: This man has indicators of clinical dehydration and he needs salt to
hold the water in his extracellular compartment. Replacing fluids
and electrolytes is more important than meeting his nutritional needs
now.
Question 2
0.125 out of 0.125 points
After evaluation, a child’s asthma is characterized as “extrinsic.” This means that the
asthma is
Selected Answer: d. associated with specific allergic triggers.
Correct Answer: d. associated with specific allergic triggers.
Response Extrinsic asthma is also referred to as allergic asthma, which is
Feedback: triggered by antigens. The underlying pathogenesis of extrinsic
asthma is an allergic in nature. Intrinsic asthma is associated with
respiratory infections. Intrinsic asthma is associated with
psychological factors.
Question 3
0 out of 0.125 points
A known cause of hypokalemia is
Selected Answer: c. pancreatitis.
Correct Answer: a. insulin overdose.
Response Insulin overdose causes hypokalemia by shifting potassium into cells.
Feedback: Oliguric renal failure decreases electrolyte excretion. Pancreatitis
PATHO 370 TEST 4 EXAM QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS 2022 UPDATE
, PATHO 370 TEST 4 EXAM QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS 2022 UPDATE
causes fat
malabsorpt
ion, which
binds
calcium
and
magnesium
, but not
potassium,
in the
gastrointest
inal tract.
Hyperparat
hyroidism
PATHO 370 TEST 4 EXAM QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS 2022 UPDATE
